Supervisee Experiences of Impression Management, the Supervisory Working Alliance, and Counseling Self-Efficacy

Supervision plays a vital role in fostering competent, ethical and effective counseling psychologists. However, studies have shown that supervisees act in ways that counteract the benefits of supervision. Trainees manage supervisor impressions to the detriment of their professional growth; they withhold information that would help supervisors promote learning, clarify misunderstandings, gain insight into supervisee weaknesses and strengths, and provide feedback that would enhance supervisee competence. Supervisee nondisclosure is a particularly prevalent impression management behavior documented in the supervision literature (Hill, Thompson, & Corbett, 1992; Ladany et al., 1996). It and other forms of impression management may be particularly related to counseling self-efficacy and the supervisory working alliance. Recent evidence does suggest that impression management is related to counseling self-efficacy, but its role in the supervisory working alliance has not yet been examined. Given research findings that doctoral level supervisees in counseling and clinical psychology programs withhold information from their supervisors and are concerned with their supervisors\u27 impressions of them impression management at this level of training needs to be understood. This study examined the nature of the relationships among supervisee counseling self-efficacy, supervisory working alliance, and impression management. With more insight into impression management behaviors as it relates to the experiences of supervisees, the findings of this study provided evidence of how further research into impression management is important to preparing effective counseling psychologists

Design, Material Properties and Structural Performance of Sustainable Concrete

Green concretes, also termed eco-concretes, with reduced cement content may provide an alternative for improving concrete sustainability independently of used supplementary cementitious materials. However, to evaluate the sustainability of these new types of concretes not only the ecological impact due to the composition may be regarded but in particular also their technical performance, i.e. their mechanical, physical and chemical properties, have to be taken into consideration. Consequently, this paper introduces first the index Building Material Sustainability Potential, which is applied in combination with the service life prediction for cement-reduced concretes using probabilistic methods. Moreover, the composition of green concretes is indicated, and related test results on the performance of green concretes are presented. The potential of green concrete for applications in practice is shown by the structural performance of graded concrete members being loaded in flexural tests

The Role of the Immune Phenotype in Tumor Progression and Prognosis of Patients with Mycosis Fungoides: A Quantitative Immunohistology Whole Slide Approach

Background and objectives: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, characterized by mature, skin-tropic CD4+ T-helper cells. In order to study the immune tumor microenvironment in MF patients, we performed immunohistochemical stains on MF biopsies, digitized whole-slide tissue sections, and performed quantitative analysis of the different immune cell subsets to correlate tissue parameters with the clinical data of patients, such as progression-free survival or overall survival. Patients and methods: Overall, 35 patients who were treated between 2009 and 2019 and for whom one or more paraffin tissue blocks were available have been included in the present study (58 tissue specimens in total). Conventional immunohistochemistry stains for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 and CD30 were used for the analysis of the immune phenotype, and quantitative analysis was performed using QuPath as a quantitative digital pathology tool for bioimage analysis of whole slides. Results: Analysis of tissue parameters for prognostic significance revealed that patients with a stronger infiltration by CD8+ lymphocytes within the tumor cell compartment had a higher risk of disease progression (p = 0.031) and showed a shorter progress-free survival (p = 0.038). Furthermore, a significant association of the percentage of CD30+ cells (median: 7.8%) with the risk of disease progression (p = 0.023) and progression-free survival (p = 0.023) was found. In relation to the clinical features of our patient cohort, a higher risk of disease progression (p = 0.015) and a shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.032) for older patients (>61 years) were observed. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the prognostic relevance of large-cell transformation in mycosis fungoides and its strong association with the presence of CD30+ lymphocytes. Unlike previous reports, our study suggests an adverse prognostic role for CD8+ T cells in patients with mycosis fungoides. Moreover, our data indicate that the immune phenotype within the tumor microenvironment shows strong temporal heterogeneity and is altered in the course of tumor progression

Chemo-mechanical characterization of hydrated calcium-hydrosilicates with coupled Raman- and nanoindentation measurements

Celitement is a new type of cement that is based on hydraulic calcium-hydrosilicate (hCHS). It is produced by mechanochemical activation of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates (C-S-H) in a grinding process. Due to the lack of typical clinker minerals, its CaO/SiO_{2} (C/S) ratio can be minimized from above 3 (as in Ordinary Portland Cement) down to 1, which significantly reduces the amount of CO_{2} released during processing. The reaction kinetics of hCHS differs from that of classical clinker phases due to the presence of highly reactive silicate species, which involve silanol groups instead of pure calcium silicates and aluminates and aluminoferrites. In contrast to Portland cement, no calcium hydroxide is formed during hydration, which otherwise regulates the Ca concentration. Without the buffering role of Ca(OH)_{2} the concentration of the dissolved species c(Ca^2+) and c(SiO_{4}^4−) and the corresponding pH must be controlled to ensure a reproducible reaction. Pure hCHS reacts isochemically with water, resulting in a C-S-H phase with the same chemical composition as a single hydration product, with a homogeneous distribution of the main elements Ca and Si throughout the sample. Here we study via nanoindentation tests, the mechanical properties of two different types of hardened pastes made out of Celitement (C/S = 1.28), with varying amounts of hCHS and variable water to cement ratio. We couple nanoindentation grids with Raman mappings to link the nanoscale mechanical properties to individual microstructural components, yielding in-depth insight into the mechanics of the mineralogical phases constituting the hardened cement paste. We show that we can identify in hardened Celitement paste both fresh C-S-H with varying density, and C-S-H from the raw material using their specific Raman spectra, while simultaneously measuring their mechanical properties. Albeit not suitable for phase identification, supplemental EDX measurements provide valuable information about the distribution of alkalis, thus further helping to understand the reaction pattern of hCHS

The influences of cement hydration and temperature on the thixotropy of cement paste

The rheological properties of fresh cement paste are highly influenced by a large number of parameters, among which the most important factors are the applied shear stress, and the shear history, the age of the sample and the temperature. The effects of these parameters on the yield stress (designated as structural limit stress in this work), the viscosity and the structural recovery rate (i.e., the change in dynamic viscosity with time at rest) were studied. In parallel, the changes in ion composition of the carrier liquid, mineral phase content and granulometry were investigated. The results reveal that all investigated rheological parameters exhibit an approximated bi-linear trend with respect to the degree of hydration, with a period of quasi-constant properties until a degree of hydration of approximately 0.07, followed by a non-linear increase. This increase could be attributed to the formation of calcium hydroxide (CH) and calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) via calorimetry results. With regard to the effect of the shear history of the sample on the rheological properties, the structural limit stress showed a minor dependency on the shear history immediately after the end of shearing, which, however, vanished within the first minute at rest. The same is true for the structural recovery rate. The presented results give detailed insights into the influences of hydration and shear on the rheological properties—especially the thixotropy—of fresh cement pastes

Learning to Sieve: Prediction of Grading Curves from Images of Concrete Aggregate

A large component of the building material concrete consists of aggregate with varying particle sizes between 0.125 and 32 mm. Its actual size distribution significantly affects the quality characteristics of the final concrete in both, the fresh and hardened states. The usually unknown variations in the size distribution of the aggregate particles, which can be large especially when using recycled aggregate materials, are typically compensated by an increased usage of cement which, however, has severe negative impacts on economical and ecological aspects of the concrete production. In order to allow a precise control of the target properties of the concrete, unknown variations in the size distribution have to be quantified to enable a proper adaptation of the concrete's mixture design in real time. To this end, this paper proposes a deep learning based method for the determination of concrete aggregate grading curves. In this context, we propose a network architecture applying multi-scale feature extraction modules in order to handle the strongly diverse object sizes of the particles. Furthermore, we propose and publish a novel dataset of concrete aggregate used for the quantitative evaluation of our method