Estudio de la degradación de diésel comercial empleando Pseudomonas spp. aisladas de lodos facultativos provenientes de una planta productora de biogás

La descarga de hidrocarburos (HC) al ambiente es una fuente importante de contaminación de suelos y acuíferos. Las tecnologíastradicionales comúnmente utilizadas para la remediación de HC son costosas y muchas veces no consiguen remover completamenteestos contaminantes. Una alternativa efectiva y más rentable, que además tiene la ventaja de poder ser aplicada a grandes áreas, es labiorremediación in situ empleando microorganismos que posean la capacidad de degradar HC. En estudios previos realizados ennuestro laboratorio utilizando lodos facultativos, provistos por una empresa santafesina tratadora de residuos industriales para laproducción de biogás, se determinó la capacidad de estos lodos para degradar diferentes sustratos orgánicos. Luego se realizaronensayos de presión de selección en presencia de diésel comercial mediante los cuales se aislaron tres especies predominantes debacterias del género Pseudomonas (P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri y P. mendocina), potencialmente degradadoras de hidrocarburos. Por locual, el objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar separadamente la eficiencia de biodegradación de los HC del diésel comercial por partede las cepas aisladas del lodo facultativo. Asimismo, se emplearon parámetros indirectos para evaluar la capacidad de dichas cepasde producir biosurfactantes. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que P. aeruginosa y P. stutzeri son significativamente más eficientesque P. mendocina en la degradación de diésel comercial. Asimismo, los resultados obtenidos para el índice de emulsificación y lahidrofobicidad superficial celular indicarían que P. aeruginosa y P. stutzeri son productoras de biosurfactantes. La biorremediaciónde sitios contaminados, así como también el tratamiento de efluentes con HC, requiere de microorganismos capaces de tolerar yasimilar estos compuestos. En este sentido, los resultados obtenidos indican que las cepas P. aeruginosa y P. stutzeri serían eficientespara ser aplicadas en procesos de biorremediación.The discharge of hydrocarbons (HC) into the environment is an important source of soil and aquifer contamination. Traditional technologies commonly used for HC remediation are expensive and often fail to completely remove these contaminants. An effective and more profitable alternative, which also has the advantage of being applied to large areas, is in situ bioremediation using microorganisms that can degrade HC. In previous studies carried out in our laboratory using facultative sludge, provided by an industrial waste treatment company, it was determined the capacity of these sludges to degrade different organic substrates. In addition, mild selection pressure experiments were performed using commercial diesel as solely carbon source to isolate potential diesel-degrading microorganisms. After the environmental pressure, three Pseudomonas species (P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. mendocina) were found to be predominant in the treated sample. The aim of this work was to study the biodegradation efficiency of commercial diesel by the Pseudomonas strains isolated from the facultative sludge. Likewise, indirect parameters were used to evaluate the ability of these strains to produce biosurfactants. The results showed that P. aeruginosa and P. stutzeri are significantly more efficient than P. mendocina in the degradation of commercial diesel. Also, the results obtained for the emulsification index and cell surface hydrophobicity would indicate that P. aeruginosa and P. stutzeri are biosurfactant producers. The bioremediation of contaminated sites, as well as hydrocarbon-rich wastewaters treatment, requires microorganisms capable of tolerating and assimilating these compounds. In this sense, the results obtained indicate that P. aeruginosa and P. stutzeri would be efficient to be applied in bioremediation processes.Fil: Loureiro, Dana Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Química e Ingeniería-Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Olivera, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Química e Ingeniería-Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Herrero, Maria Sol. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Química e Ingeniería-Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Salvatierra, Lucas. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Química e Ingeniería-Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Leonardo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Química e Ingeniería-Rosario; Argentin

Microbial characterization of a facultative residual sludge obtained from a biogas plant with ability to degrade commercial B10 diesel oil

Biodegradation of commercial B10 diesel oil (DB10) by the microbial consortium present in a biogas residual sludge was first investigated. Maximum removal efficiencies of the petrochemical and fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) fractions of DB10 were 55 ± 3% and 94 ± 6%, respectively. Taxonomic profiling of the microbial consortium present in the residual sludge was carried out in order to identify potential hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. After mild selection pressure using DB10, three Pseudomonas species (P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. mendocina) were mostly found in the treated sample. However, only P. aeruginosa and P. stutzeri showed a rapid growth and high dehydrogenase activity at the expense of DB10 as the sole carbon source. In addition, both strains removed 42 ± 5% and 53 ± 2% of the petrochemical fraction, and >75% of the FAME fraction, respectively. Similar results were found with a bacterial consortium of the three isolated Pseudomonas, indicating no synergistic hydrocarbon degradation by these strains. As expected, biosurfactant production by the pseudomonads was directly associated with the bacterial DB10 biodegradation performance. These results are the first describing petroleum-based hydrocarbon biodegradation ability of a crude facultative residual sludge obtained from a biogas facility; and represent a rational first step in order to understand which bacteria in the sludge may act in petroleum-based fuels degradation.Fil: Loureiro, Dana Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; ArgentinaFil: Olivera, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Tondo, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Herrero, María Sol. Universidad Católica de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Salvatierra, Lucas Matías. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Leonardo Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Rosario; Argentin

Propuesta de política para una gobernanza urbana integrada

La presente propuesta se inscribe en los preceptos establecidos en el plan de desarrollo del Estado de México 2011-2017, para el pilar relacionado con el estado progresista que se genera de un crecimiento acorde a las nuevas realidades del país y de nuestra entidad Mexiquense.La presente propuesta se inscribe en los preceptos establecidos en el plan de desarrollo del Estado de México 2011-2017, para el pilar relacionado con el estado progresista que se genera de un crecimiento acorde a las nuevas realidades del país y de nuestra entidad Mexiquense

Ciudad y ciudadanía: Hacia una resignificación desde el contexto mexicano

El capitalismo global atraviesa diferentes aristas de la vida social, trastocando la configuración de universos simbólicos, actores, dinámicas, espacios y prácticas sociales; tales reconfiguraciones tienden a asumir formas diversas y complejas ancladas a realidades concretas, aunque estrechamente vinculadas a los procesos globales contemporáneos.El presente trabajo construye el concepto de ciudadano y ciudadanía, partiendo de sus antecedentes históricos y de los principios y conceptos de las declaraciones liberales de fines del siglo xviii y del siglo xx. Asimismo, contribuye a la reflexión sobre el Estado democrático de derecho, realizando apuntamientos sobre su concepto y caracterización desde una perspectiva sociojurídica, para retomar al ciudadano y a la ciudadanía con el objetivo de identificar la forma y modos en los que se determinan y particularizan los derechos y obligaciones que se le imputan al ciudadano como parte integrante del Estado, así como para identificar y revisar los derechos fundamentales con los que el Estado caracteriza, diseña y particulariza su perfeccionamiento individual y su desarrollo colectivo

Ciudad y ciudadanía. Hacía una resignificación desde el contexto mexicano

El capitalismo global atraviesa diferentes aristas de vida social, trastocando la configuración de universos simbólicos, actores, dinámicas, espacios y prácticas sociales, tales re-configuraciones tienden a asumir formas diversas y complejas ancladas a realidades concretas, aunque estrechamente vinculadas a los procesos globales contemporáneos. en caso de los países latinoamericanos, los procesos generados a raíz del capitalismo y la globalización han hecho de las ciudades escenarios complejos, caracterizados por la fragmentación social, la urbanización periférica, la degradación espacio-ambiental y la precarización de las condiciones de vida, lo que se vincula al déficit cuantitativo y cualitativo en vivienda y transporte, salud y educación. La intensidad y magnitud que tales problemáticas asumen en el caso mexicano hacen de él un referente obligado de estudio

Clinical phenotypes of acute heart failure based on signs and symptoms of perfusion and congestion at emergency department presentation and their relationship with patient management and outcomes

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) according to clinical profiles based on congestion and perfusion determined in the emergency department (ED). Methods and results Overall, 11 261 unselected AHF patients from 41 Spanish EDs were classified according to perfusion (normoperfusion = warm; hypoperfusion = cold) and congestion (not = dry; yes = wet). Baseline and decompensation characteristics were recorded as were the main wards to which patients were admitted. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were need for hospitalisation during the index AHF event, in-hospital all-cause mortality, prolonged hospitalisation, 7-day post-discharge ED revisit for AHF and 30-day post-discharge rehospitalisation for AHF. A total of 8558 patients (76.0%) were warm+ wet, 1929 (17.1%) cold+ wet, 675 (6.0%) warm+ dry, and 99 (0.9%) cold+ dry; hypoperfused (cold) patients were more frequently admitted to intensive care units and geriatrics departments, and warm+ wet patients were discharged home without admission. The four phenotypes differed in most of the baseline and decompensation characteristics. The 1-year mortality was 30.8%, and compared to warm+ dry, the adjusted hazard ratios were significantly increased for cold+ wet (1.660; 95% confidence interval 1.400-1.968) and cold+ dry (1.672; 95% confidence interval 1.189-2.351). Hypoperfused (cold) phenotypes also showed higher rates of index episode hospitalisation and in-hospital mortality, while congestive (wet) phenotypes had a higher risk of prolonged hospitalisation but decreased risk of rehospitalisation. No differences were observed among phenotypes in ED revisit risk. Conclusions Bedside clinical evaluation of congestion and perfusion of AHF patients upon ED arrival and classification according to phenotypic profiles proposed by the latest European Society of Cardiology guidelines provide useful complementary information and help to rapidly predict patient outcomes shortly after ED patient arrival

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Memoria final del Proyecto Innova Docencia 2023-23 nº 58. GEODIVULGAR: Geología y SociedadUCMDepto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes