327 research outputs found

    Hematological studies on iron- and folate-requirements in pregnancy

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    Hematological changes and serum iron, vitamin B12 and folate levels after administration of iron plus folic acid were com· pared with changes and levels after supplement of iron alone in 100 pregnant women. No hematological benefits by adding folic acid was revealed. It is concluded that folic acid deficiency in pregnant women is mild and routine supplementation of folic acid is not necessary except for proved cases of folate deficiency. As to the reason why folic acid deficiency is so mild and megaloblastic anemia is so rare in Japan, uniformity of dietary habits, i. e. boiled rice as basic food, was discussed.</p

    Distribution of Mast Cells in Mediastinal Lymph Nodes from Lung Cancer Patients

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    BACKGROUND: Mast cells have been documented to have several key functions with regards to malignant neoplasms. However, the functional significance of their accumulation is largely unknown. An analysis of the mast cell profile in mediastinal lymph nodes from lung cancer patients is reported here. METHODS: One hundred thirty-four, randomly selected lymph nodes (63 with positive pathological lymph node status) from 39 surgically treated lung cancer patients were examined. All cancer negative nodes were obtained from stage I patients. Mast cells were stained with Alcian blue and safranin O. Metastatic cancer cells were stained using anti-cytokeratin antibody. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical studies with cytokeratin revealed micro metastasis in 9/71 (12.68%) nodes previously diagnosed as histological negative. In tumor-free mediastinal lymph nodes, the mast cell count was significantly higher than in metastatic nodes. In all cases, mast cells were observed primarily in the T-cell area. CONCLUSIONS: An inverse relationship was observed between the number of mast cells and the amount of tumor tissue. The presence of mast cells primarily in the T-cell area implies a relationship between mast cells and the T-cell system. From the present study it is not possible to conclude whether mast cells in lymph nodes are for or against tumor spread

    Effect of the Electrodeposition Temperature on the Cyclic-Oxidation Resistance of Ni Aluminide Containing Zr Formed by Molten-Salt Electrodeposition

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    The effect of the Al electrodeposition temperature on the cyclic oxidation resistance of Ni aluminide containing Zr formed by molten salt electrodeposition was investigated. Zr and Al were deposited by molten salt electrolysis. For the sample treated with the Al deposition at 1073 K, a layer consisting of Ni 2 Al 3 was uniformly formed. On the other hand, for the sample treated by Zr deposition, followed by Al deposition at 1073 K, a layer consisting of Ni 2 Al 3 and a Ni aluminide layer containing Zr on the Ni 2 Al 3 layer were formed. Furthermore, when the Al electrodeposition temperature was changed, the concentration of Zr in the Ni aluminide layer containing Zr changed. When the Al electrodeposition was carried out at 1153 and 1173 K, the Zr was scarcely observed in the surface region of the Ni aluminide layer. The cyclic oxidation test showed that for the sample treated with only the Al deposition and the sample treated with the Zr deposition, followed by Al deposition at 1073 K, a mass reduction due to scale exfoliation took place, whereas for the samples treated with the Zr deposition, followed by Al deposition at 1153 and 1173 K, no mass reduction was observed. For these samples, after the cyclic oxidation test, a scale consisting of -Al 2 O 3 adhering to the substrate was formed. Consequently, it was found that the cyclic oxidation resistance of Ni was improved by Zr deposition, followed by Al deposition at 1153 and 1173 K

    The effect of population density on shoot morphology of herbs in relation to light capture by leaves

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    Plants change their shapes, depending on their environment, for example, plant height increases with increasing population density. We examined the density-dependent plasticity in shoot morphology of herbs by analysing a mathematical model which identifies a number of key factors that influence shoot morphology, namely (i) solar radiation captured by leaves; (ii) shading from neighbouring plants; and (iii) utilisation efficiency of resource by leaves, stems and veins. An optimisation theory was used to obtain optimal shoot morphology in relation to maximal light capture by leaves, under trade-offs of resource partition among organs. We first evaluated the solar radiation flux per unit leaf area per day for different shoot forms. Our model predicts that the optimal internodal length of the stem that brings about the maximal light capture by leaves increases with plant population density, and this is consistent with experimental data. Moreover, our simple model can also be extended to explain the morphological plasticity in other herbs (i.e. stemless plants) that are different from our model plants with a stem. These findings illustrate how optimisation theory can be used for the analysis of plasticity in shoot morphology of plants in response to environmental changes, as well as the analysis of diversity in morphology

    Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer Report of Five Cases of the Small Pancreatic Cancer

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    Eighty-nine cases of pancreatic cancers were experienced during the last 12 years. Among them, 5 cases (5.6%) were small pancreatic cancer (below 2cm in diameter); 3 cases were pancreas head cancer, 1 case body cancer and 1 case tail cancer. These cancers were all resectable. The patient of the small pancreatic cancers were survived comparatively long; the average period was 18 months. All of the 3 cases of pancreas head cancers were started with jaundice, 1 case of body cancer was started with elevation of urinary amylase output and 1 case of tail cancer was started with continuously high level of serum amylase value indolently. In this report, the 5 cases of small pancreatic cancers as well as the positive rate of laboratory data are first outlined. The clue for diagnosis and the details are stated herewith, and regarding a patient of body cancer (2.0X1.5 cm) who survived comparatively long for 36.3 months after surgery and also a patient of tail cancer (0.7X0.6 cm) who, 45 months after surgery, is still survived without relapse

    Changes in Behavior, Professionalism, and Views on Life and Death among Physical Therapists and Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

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    Although the mental health disorders of healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been examined, little is known about the psychological impact of the pandemic on physical therapists. In this study, an online questionnaire survey was conducted on physical therapists and students aspiring to become physical therapists, to investigate changes in behavior/values and related factors. Increased anxiety about COVID- 19, awareness of voluntary restraint, and reduced motivation were observed in comparison with usual levels in both physical therapists and students. The desire to resign and concerns about patients increased significantly, and the desire to resign tended to increase with increases in years of clinical experience. The subjects’ views of the profession did not change, but decreased motivation was related to damage to the professionalism. Views on life and death changed significantly in both groups, and change was greater in students than in physical therapists. Anxiety and/or awareness of voluntary restraint and/or experience caring for patients were associated with changes in views on life and death. These results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the behaviors and values of physical therapists and students through anxiety and reduced motivation
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