Thermal stability of a special class of black hole solutions in F(R) gravity

In this paper, we work on the topological Lifshitz-like black hole solutions of a special class of vacuum $F(R)-$gravity that are static and spherically symmetric. We investigate geometric and thermodynamic properties of the solutions with due respect to the validity of the first law of thermodynamics. We examine the van der Waals like behavior for asymptotically AdS solutions with spherical horizon by studying the $P-v$, $G-T$ and $C_{Q,P}-r_{+}$ diagrams and find a consistent result. We also investigate the same behavior for hyperbolic horizon and interestingly find that the system under study can experience a phase transition with negative temperature.Comment: 14 pages with 7 captioned figures. Some additional notes are added. Accepted in EPJ

Prevalence of Panton-valentine gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples and healthy carriers in Gorgan city, north of Iran

Aim. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a nosocomial and community acquired pathogen. S. aureus is a pathogen that causes several types of disease from skin infections to systemic diseases that is because of having several virulence factors such as enzymes, toxins, superantigens and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl). pvl is a bi-component leukotoxin that destroy PMNs and monocytes and causes furunculosis, abscesses and necrotizing soft tissue infections in patients without any risk factors for such infections. The goal of this study was determine the prevalence of pvl gene in S. aureus isolated from patients and healthy carriers in Gorgan city, north of Iran. Methods. One hundred seventy isolates of S. aureus, 95 from patients and 75 healthy carriers, were collected during one year. After identification and purification, DNA extraction was done by phenol-chloroform method. Amplification of pvl gene was done by specific primer and polymerase chain reaction method. Results. Among the 170 isolates of S. aureus, 20 contained pvl gene. The frequency of isolates contained pvl gene in MRSA and MSSA isolates were 21.6, 19.3, which was not statistically significant. The frequency of these genes was not related to age, sex and source of isolation from patients. Conclusion. The frequency of pvl gene in this region were much higher than expected. © Copyright 2016 Edizioni Minerva Medica

Social Commerce and Consumer Intention to Purchase Evidence From Popular Social Networks in Iran

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of consumer behavior in s-commerce by proposing a research model that incorporates various factors. To conclude, perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment have a positive relationship with attitude. The proposed model that examines the mediating effects of attitude on variables. It is reported that perceived usefulness could be mediated by the effect of attitude, however, perceived enjoy fullness doesn\u27t not. As with any study of this nature, a number of limitations have to be pointed out. The first limitation is the issue of generalization. Small sample size collected in this study lead to the poor-fit structural model. Thus, the findings must be interpreted with caution and cannot be conclusively used to generalize to all the consumer behavior towards s-commerce. The second limitation relates to the cross-sectional nature of the current study. Future research to investigate consumer behavior towards s-commerce by utilizing longitudinal methodology can be adopted. Also, variables such as trust could be added to capture more efficient results

Quantum teleportation with nonclassical correlated states in noninertial frames

Quantum teleportation is studied in noninertial frame, for fermionic case, when Alice and Bob share a general nonclassical correlated state. In noninertial frames two fidelities of teleportation are given. It is found that the average fidelity of teleportation from a separable and nonclassical correlated state is increasing with the amount of nonclassical correlation of the state. However, for any particular nonclassical correlated state, the fidelity of teleportation decreases by increasing the acceleration.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, expanded version to appear in Quantum Inf. Proces

Holding Delinquent Juveniles Accountable Through Peri-Judicial Practices, Mediation, and Family Group Conferences

An important objective of the criminal justice system with respect to delinquent juveniles, in addition to correction and re-socialization, is making them accountable. Juvenile accountability as reflected in this study through specific principles rooting in theories of criminology and philosophical and penological bases, depends on development and application of alternative practices that are different from those traditionally used by the criminal justice system in responding to a criminal phenomenon. Therefore, to hold delinquent juveniles accountable one needs to turn to responses that can desirably make an offender aware of unfavorable consequences of his criminal acts and motivate him to redress damages that have resulted from those acts. The present paper is an attempt to discuss two effective ways of treating delinquent juveniles, namely mediation in criminal processes and family group conferences, to help them take responsibility for their criminal acts and try to make up for the consequences of those acts. The goal is to identify methods of holding delinquent juveniles accountable in the Iranian criminal justice system that have emerged as a result of ineffectiveness of punishments in correction and re-socialization of delinquent children and in the light of new ways proposed by restorative justice for treating this group of offenders. These practices have been influenced by criminological approaches including reintegration shaming, the principle of criminal law as the last and least resort, right to not to be punished, etc. Drawing on descriptive-analytical findings and desk research, the present study has found that delinquent juveniles can be hold accountable by shifting away from traditional responses of the criminal justice system and towards practices recommended by restorative justice, including family group conference and mediation as means of informing delinquent juveniles of the consequences of their behaviors. On the other hand, these practices place offenders in a process where they become accountable for the offenses they committed by realizing how they failed to act humanely and by learning how to behave properly

Analysis of genetic diversity and estimation of inbreeding coefficient within Caspian horse population using microsatellite markers

The present study was undertaken to genetically evaluate Caspian horses for genetic diversity and to asses whether they have experienced recent population bottlenecks. A total of 100 individuals were characterized for within breed diversity using 16 microsatellite markers. The estimated mean number of alleles was 8.69 per locus, with a total of 139 alleles in the genotyped sample. The mean effective number of alleles in the Caspian horse population was 5.86, ranging from 3.49 to 8.49. The average observed heterozygosity in the present study (0.52) was lower than to the expected heterozygosity (0.82), which may reflect the narrow genetic base of the current population of this breed. All marker lociemployed in this study were very informative with an average of 0.80. The Chi-square and likelihood ratio tests performed to examine population for HWE showed some highly significant deviations from HWE. Estimated values of Wright’s fixation index, FIS (0.367) indicates a certain level of heterozygote deficiency. A significant heterozygote excess on the basis of different models, as revealed from Sign and Wilcoxon rank test suggested that Caspian horse population is not in mutation-drift equilibrium.But, the Mode-shift indicator test showed a normal ‘L’ shaped distribution for allelic class and proportion of alleles, thus indicating the absence of bottleneck events in the recent history of this breed. The present work is a contribution to the knowledge of population structure and to theassessment of genetic diversity that may be helpful to horse breeders in designing and managing breeding or conservation strategies for the Caspian horse breed