Enhancing Microcomputer Edge Computing for Autonomous IoT Motion Control

Devices microprocessors, microcontrollers, and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) play the core rule at the IoT edge level and it should be right provisioned. For proper controller performance, control algorithms should be implemented near the actuator eliminating the delay effects. In the IoT domain, this means to implement the mentioned algorithm at the edge level and prior data transmitting. The efficient IoT-enabled motion control can be obtained by considering two main factors; the first factor is from the actuator design point of view and the second factor is from the controller performance point of view. Therefore, in this article, the two mentioned factors are treated concerning the microprocessor rule and importance as a core for proper prototype design and as the main platform to implement the control algorithms. A comparison of controller performance indices for both prototypes is done using previously distributed motion control schemes and newly developed schemes after tuning the respective schemes gains in an optimal manner. The scheme with better behavior of both prototypes are selected for the IoT integration process, this scheme ensures optimal edge computing for the distributed motion control, making the implementation of all control computation take place at the IoT-edge level. As a result, the dynamic pipeline stages (DPS) based prototype gives better controller performance indices for most strategies, less power consumption, and optimally utilized resources encouraging the use of the microprocessors with reconfigurable components at the IoT-edge level

Theory and applications of atomic and ionic polarizabilities

Atomic polarization phenomena impinge upon a number of areas and processes in physics. The dielectric constant and refractive index of any gas are examples of macroscopic properties that are largely determined by the dipole polarizability. When it comes to microscopic phenomena, the existence of alkaline-earth anions and the recently discovered ability of positrons to bind to many atoms are predominantly due to the polarization interaction. An imperfect knowledge of atomic polarizabilities is presently looming as the largest source of uncertainty in the new generation of optical frequency standards. Accurate polarizabilities for the group I and II atoms and ions of the periodic table have recently become available by a variety of techniques. These include refined many-body perturbation theory and coupled-cluster calculations sometimes combined with precise experimental data for selected transitions, microwave spectroscopy of Rydberg atoms and ions, refractive index measurements in microwave cavities, ab initio calculations of atomic structures using explicitly correlated wave functions, interferometry with atom beams, and velocity changes of laser cooled atoms induced by an electric field. This review examines existing theoretical methods of determining atomic and ionic polarizabilities, and discusses their relevance to various applications with particular emphasis on cold-atom physics and the metrology of atomic frequency standards.Comment: Review paper, 44 page

Genome sequencing and population genomic analyses provide insights into the adaptive landscape of silver birch

Silver birch (Betula pendula) is a pioneer boreal tree that can be induced to flower within 1 year. Its rapid life cycle, small (440-Mb) genome, and advanced germplasm resources make birch an attractive model for forest biotechnology. We assembled and chromosomally anchored the nuclear genome of an inbred B. pendula individual. Gene duplicates from the paleohexaploid event were enriched for transcriptional regulation, whereas tandem duplicates were overrepresented by environmental responses. Population resequencing of 80 individuals showed effective population size crashes at major points of climatic upheaval. Selective sweeps were enriched among polyploid duplicates encoding key developmental and physiological triggering functions, suggesting that local adaptation has tuned the timing of and cross-talk between fundamental plant processes. Variation around the tightly-linked light response genes PHYC and FRS10 correlated with latitude and longitude and temperature, and with precipitation for PHYC. Similar associations characterized the growth-promoting cytokinin response regulator ARR1, and the wood development genes KAK and MED5A.Peer reviewe

Author Correction: Genome sequencing and population genomic analyses provide insights into the adaptive landscape of silver birch.

In the version of this article initially published, there was a mistake in the calculation of the nucleotide mutation rate per site per generation: 1 × 10−9 mutations per site per generation was used, whereas 9.5 × 10−9 was correct. This error affects the interpretation of population-size changes over time and their possible correspondence with known geological events, as shown in the original Fig. 4 and supporting discussion in the text, as well as details in the Supplementary Note. Neither the data themselves nor any other results are affected. Figure 4 has been revised accordingly. Images of the original and corrected figure panels are shown in the correction notice