Chaplains on campus: Understanding chaplaincy in UK universities

Chaplaincy is a significant aspect of university life. The chaplaincy is often the first port of call for students of faith, as well as for non-religious students, staff, international students and those seeking a supportive, listening ear. Moreover, chaplains often play an important role in the management of on-campus challenges concerning religious discrimination, religious extremism and freedom of speech, their work increasingly framed by legal obligations issued in the Equality Act (2010) and the CounterTerrorism and Security Act (2015). In the 21st century, university chaplaincy is often organised around a multi-faith model, under the auspices of a full-time coordinating chaplain who is most likely to be Anglican. This report, from the largest multi-method study of university chaplaincy, explores how this model of operation is worked out in practice. At a time of new public scrutiny of religion in universities, this report offers evidence to help shape the future of chaplaincy across the university sector

Large-volume lava flow fields on Venus: Dimensions and morphology

Of all the volcanic features identified in Magellan images, by far the most extensive and really important are lava flow fields. Neglecting the widespread lava plains themselves, practically every C1-MIDR produced so far contains several or many discrete lava flow fields. These range in size from a few hundred square kilometers in area (like those fields associated with small volcanic edifices for example), through all sizes up to several hundred thousand square kilometers in extent (such as many rift related fields). Most of these are related to small, intermediate, or large-scale volcanic edifices, coronae, arachnoids, calderas, fields of small shields, and rift zones. An initial survey of 40 well-defined flow fields with areas greater than 50,000 sq km (an arbitrary bound) has been undertaken. Following Columbia River Basalt terminology, these have been termed great flow fields. This represents a working set of flow fields, chosen to cover a variety of morphologies, sources, locations, and characteristics. The initial survey is intended to highlight representative flow fields, and does not represent a statistical set. For each flow field, the location, total area, flow length, flow widths, estimated flow thicknesses, estimated volumes, topographic slope, altitude, backscatter, emissivity, morphology, and source has been noted. The flow fields range from about 50,000 sq km to over 2,500,000 sq km in area, with most being several hundred square kilometers in extent. Flow lengths measure between 140 and 2840 km, with the majority of flows being several hundred kilometers long. A few basic morphological types have been identified

Calculation of energy levels and transition amplitudes for barium and radium

The radium atom is a promising system for studying parity and time invariance violating weak interactions. However, available experimental spectroscopic data for radium is insufficient for designing an optimal experimental setup. We calculate the energy levels and transition amplitudes for radium states of significant interest. Forty states corresponding to all possible configurations consisting of the $7s$, $7p$ and $6d$ single-electron states as well as the states of the $7s8s$, $7s8p$ and $7s7d$ configurations have been calculated. The energies of ten of these states corresponding to the $6d^2$, $7s8s$, $7p^2$, and $6d7p$ configurations are not known from experiment. Calculations for barium are used to control the accuracy.Comment: 12 pages, 4 table

Constrained Shape Optimization of Cold-formed Steel Columns

The objective of this paper is to introduce appropriate constraints in the shape optimization of a cold- formed steel column such that the resulting optimized shapes retain the strength benefits of unconstrained optimal solutions combined with practical manufacturing and constructional needs. Unconstrained shape optimization of cold-formed steel columns, where the cross-section that maximizes axial capacity is found, has previously been performed. Here, practical manufacturing and construction constraints are introduced into the optimization algorithm. Members with three lengths: 2 ft, 4 ft, and 16 ft, are considered. Optimized sections from multiple runs show uniformity and bear a close resemblance to unconstrained results. A point-symmetric ‘S’-shaped section has maximum capacity for long columns and a singly-symmetric ‘∑’-shaped section with complex lips performs best for shorter columns. The observed strength loss from the unconstrained optimal design, to the constrained optimal design, is within ten percent. A simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm, with the idea of injecting randomness in the gradient approximation to save computational cost, is adopted as the local optimizer. A systematic survey on a family of lipped channel cross-sections using the same amount of material was carried out. Comparison reveals that the optimized shapes have much larger capacities and exhibit the potential to seed a new generation of commercial products

Tzitz\'eica transformation is a dressing action

We classify the simplest rational elements in a twisted loop group, and prove that dressing actions of them on proper indefinite affine spheres give the classical Tzitz\'eica transformation and its dual. We also give the group point of view of the Permutability Theorem, construct complex Tzitz\'eica transformations, and discuss the group structure for these transformations

Sheet flow fields on Venus

A survey of flow fields with areas greater than 50,000 sq km revealed fields with sheet-like morphology. These sheet flow fields are distinguished by their relatively uniform backscatter, lack of internal flow structure such as well defined lava streams or channels, absence of flow lobes, and irregular boundaries. Internal flow boundaries are essentially absent in these fields, and as such they cannot usually be divided into separate stratigraphic units or eruptive episodes. This is unlike other flow fields with more digitate morphologies, which are made up of discrete flow lobes, and can usually be divided into several episodes of flow emplacement. Five sheet flow fields were studied so far, and other candidates were found. A flow field associated with Lauma Dorsa is taken as an example and examined in detail