Summary of Workshop to Review an OMB Report on Regulatory Risk Assessment and Management

Summary of the results of an invitational workshop conducted to peer review the 1990 OMB report, CURRENT REGULATORY ISSUES IN Risk ASSESSMENT AND Risk MANAGENMENTIN REGULATORY PROGRAM OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, APRIL 1, 1990 - MARCH 31, 1991

Diffusion-Based Biomolecular Sensing Using Low-Field NMR

Identification of molecules in complex mixtures is a fundamental problem in analytical chemistry. NMR is widely used for molecular identification in impure samples, but traditionally is an expensive technique that requires a large-scale laboratory setting and extensive training to operate. New relaxometric techniques have been developed for low-cost NMR apparatuses with strong field inhomogeneities, where change in relaxation time T2 of water surrounding the aggregation of paramagnetic nanoparticles around a given analyte is measured. These devices’ strong magnetic field gradients make them suitable for simultaneous measurement of the self-diffusion constant D. In this study, the advantages of a two-dimensional T2-D approach to molecular identification of a protein-specific ligand analyte in complex with its target protein are assessed as a “proof of principle” experiment. Since complexation reduces molecular motion, we expect both T2 and D will decrease, indicating the presence of the ligand by the shape and size of the sensor as a unit rather than its chemical makeup. Per the complex nature of our selected protein-ligand binding interactions (those of bovine serum albumin and naproxen), the detection of a number of unexpected phenomena, including naproxen self-association, non-specific binding interactions, and possibly rapid chemical exchange are reported. A potential method by which low-field, single-sided NMR devices may be used to determine thermodynamic constants is also demonstrated

Peer review evaluation of the Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen :: June-September 1994

Work conducted by an evaluation panel appointed by the Research Council of Norway, Bioproduction and Processing, and under the lead of John Gray

Letter from John S. Gray to John Muir, 1902 Nov 21.

[letterhead]Nov 21st 1902My Dear Mr. MuirI recently read your article on the Grand Canon [diacritic] of the Colorado and am prompted thereby to write you, expressive of my appreciation of your description of that wonderful scene. I am free to confess that I never read a descriptive article before, that compares with it, not even in Walter Scott\u27s writings which I have always considered unequalled in that line= But yours excells everything- so that I hardly knew which to admire most- the grandeurs of the subject or the masterly way in which it is pictured to the reader. It is certainly a prose poem of the highest order. and I hope you will be long spared to enrich the public with such productions = & that at least you will be able to finish the books you had under consideration when we were with you last spring. This description of the Grand Canon [diacritic] has an added interest to us, in as much as you were working on it when we were there, and we interrupted you a great deal in your work= I wonder how you all are in the Alhambra Valley- Mrs. Muir was in poor health. I trust the summer has been the means of improving it- and that Helen and Wanda were off on a tour with you as they were a year ago and that they, and you, had close contact with nature in her grandest scenes- I noticed your discovery of a hitherto unknown group of Sequoia Gigantica which overtops all previous known specimens- What a wonderful country that is. David I suppose has been fighting the pest of his03105 vines, and extending the area of resi[illegible]ent vines as you all must do to overcome that serious trouble- I trust he and his are well and that Mrs. Reid is stronger than when we saw her last as she came out to wave us farewell from their porch, as we past over the viaduct = Mrs. Galloway too I trust is well. Please remember us to all the friends with our kindest regards. Mrs. Galloway will be interested to known that Mrs. Sanderson - Isabella- has sold off her household effects closed her house, and yesterday left us to go to spend the winter with her daughter Grace who is settled in East Orange near New York- I felt very unwilling to have her go, but know that it is better for her- My own family is much as usual in health and prosperity- I lately turned over my factory to a large company and resigned its entire management to my sons Paul & David- so that I am now out of active business, and only retain an office in the bank to attend to my personal affairs and to give an hour or two a day to the bank- Otherwise I might be looking for a job We have spent about half of our time since our return from the west on our country place, but now that cold weather is coming will be shut out of that, & may have to think of migrating to a warmer climate. With kind regards and best wishes for you and yours believe meEver Yours SincerelyJohn S. GrayP.S. David Gray of Buffalo-my nephew as you will see writes occasional light stories for the Century and has gone to Manilla & Japan partly for his health and partly for material for future work- the wrong places to look for his kind of subjects I should think- horses being at a discount there

Letter from John S. Gray to John Muir, 1887 Mar 28.

[letterhead][1]Mar 28 1887Mr. John MuirDear FriendIt is now two weeks sine we landed safely home from our long journey, & full time that we send you a few lines, letting you know of our arrival. I am sorry to say Walter has not improved but rather gone back in health. After we left you, he seemed to pick up a good deal & the medicines were helping him. In Salt Lake City he did not feel so well, but improved again in Colorado. So that, at (Colorado Springs we had a delightful days drive--but some way he hurt his foot & lamed himself so that when we got home he was obligated to keep per- fectly quiet to save the foot. This kept him in the house so close that he could gain no appetite & has been gradually running down ever since. In that weak condition. 01260920we insisted on his getting medical advice & at last he consented to have our family physician take up his case. This case seemed to be well understood by our Dr. & in the few days he has been attending him he has reduced his local trouble so that now he is in about his normal condition in that respect but he has become so weak that he is not able to be out of bed, & last night had several sinking spells _ & finally fainted today he is in quite a fever & we all feel very anxious about him though the Dr. gives us encourage- ment & does not consider his present condition at all alarming_ Drugs seem to be of no avail & the course taken with him is a system of baths & local applications of different kinds_It seems he did not get home a day too soon, for ever since, he has been in such condition that it would have been very hard on him to travel_ In another way we were too soon_ We sent, in one day, from summer temperatures & weather ([illegible] 859) to mid-winter. Our climate at this writing is a most unenviable one [loose?][letterhead] [3] journey when he is able_ & I am sure it will be a source of pleasure to him to think of it as it is to me_I hope your family enjoys good health_ that your wife is strong & well & your sister improving_ Your little girls are just at the age to enjoy & I think you will find it a great trial to go away on that northern trip_ to be away so long from all the home bodies.Remember me kindly to Mrs. Muir & your sister & be assured we will all be happy to hear from you whenever you can send us even a line or two & now with best wishes for your prosperity & happinessI remain Yours Sincerely John S. Gray0126

How Certain Physical Considerations Impact Aerostructural Wing Optimization

Wing design optimization has been studied extensively and is of continued interest as optimization tools are developed and become more accessible. In each of these studies, certain assumptions and simplifications are made to make the design problem tractable. However, it is difficult to find systematic studies in which several considerations are added or removed one at a time to study how much impact they have. In this work, we examine how certain physical considerations (viscous drag, wave drag, thrust loads, and inertial relief from structural, fuel, and engine masses), impact the aerostructural optimization results for three distinct aircraft wings. The goal is to help develop a rough idea of how important these physical considerations are. We do this using gradient-based optimization and a multidisciplinary design optimization framework, OpenMDAO. We use the open-source tool OpenAeroStruct that couples a vortex lattice method to a finite element method. We establish a baseline aerostructural design optimization problem then perform a series of optimizations, each with one physical consideration removed from the baseline case. We find that depending on the size of the aircraft and flight conditions, the importance of some of these physical considerations varies considerably whereas the importance of others do not. Specifically, the optimal designs change radically without proper viscous and wave drag considerations and smaller aircraft with more distributed propulsion are more affected by the inclusion of engine loads