Historiografía de la toco-ginecología catalana a través de los "Congresos dels Metges de Llengua Catalana"

[spa] La presente tesis doctoral realiza un estudio historiográfico de la toco-ginecología catalana a través del estudio de las comunicaciones presentadas a los “Congresos dels Metges de Llengua Catalana”, que tuvieron un total de nueve ediciones, desde la primera en 1913 hasta la última en 1936. Nuestra intención es dejar constancia de la existencia, dentro del volumen de la documentación generada en dichos Congresos, de algunos trabajos sumamente aleccionadores y avanzados a su época, incluyendo algunas primicias mundiales. De esta manera, se pone a disposición de los estudiosos todo un conjunto de materias que hasta ahora habían pasado ignoradas, ya que la historia de la toco-ginecología catalana es un campo de estudio poco estudiado

Fetal ischemia monitoring with in vivo implanted electrochemical multiparametric microsensors

Under intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), abnormal attainment of the nutrients and oxygen by the fetus restricts the normal evolution of the prenatal causing in many cases high morbidity being one of the top-ten causes of neonatal death. The current gold standards in hospitals to detect this relevant problem is the clinical observation by echography, cardiotocography and Doppler. These qualitative techniques are not conclusive and requires risky invasive fetal scalp blood testing and/or amniocentesis. We developed micro-implantable multiparametric electrochemical sensors for measuring ischemia in real time in fetal tissue and vascular. This implantable technology is designed to continuous monitoring for an early detection of ischemia to avoid potential fetal injury. Two miniaturized electrochemical sensors were developed based on oxygen and pH detection. The sensors were optimized in vitro under controlled concentration, to assess the selectivity and sensitivity required. The sensors were then validated in vivo in the ewe fetus model, by means of their insertion in the muscle leg and inside the iliac artery of the fetus. Ischemia was achieved by gradually obstructing the umbilical cord to regulate the amount of blood reaching the fetus. An important challenge in fetal monitoring is the detection of low levels of oxygen and pH changes under ischemic conditions, requiring high sensitivity sensors. Significant differences were observed in both; pH and pO2 sensors under changes from normoxia to hypoxia states in the fetus tissue and vascular with both sensors. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of the developed sensors for future fetal monitoring in medical applications