Efectos de un entrenamiento de fuerza de corta duración sobre la capacidad de salto vertical en jugadores de voleibol de elite durante la temporada

The aim of this study was to describe the effects of 6 weeks of combined strength and jump training which incorporated modera te loads and high intensity contractions on the vertical jump ability (VJ), loaded jumps and velocity of execution in full squat in a group of professional male volleyball players during the competition season. It was hypothesized that the VJ improved by cross combined strength and jump training both characterized by high velocity of execution (>1m/s). The participants in this study were twelve players who competed in the fir st national division of the Spanish National League during the 2011-2012 season. The neuromuscular performance was estimated by unloaded (CMJ) and load ed countermovement jumps (CMJ loaded ) height (cm); and by velocity of displacement in the concentric phase of full squat (FS) (m/s). There was a significant increase in CMJ and CMJ loaded after 6-week of training (5%, p<0.01; and 5.7%, p<0.05; respectively). These changes were accompanied by a small and moderate value of Effect Size (0.47, and 0.67; respectively). No significant differences were observed for velocity of displacement in FS. The linear correlation analysis showed a single moderate correlation statistically significant between the changes in CMJ-CMJ loaded and CMJ-FS (r=0.62 and r=0.59, p<0.05; respectively). Albeit speculative, our results suggest that the use of moderate loads could be enough to im prove the vertical jump performance, since in our study a load equivalent to 60% 1RM in the FS was not exceeded and jumping exercises were performed wi th light loads.El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los efectos de 6 semanas de entrenamiento combinado de fuerza y salto, el cual incorpora cargas moderadas e intensidades de contracción altas, sobre la capacidad de salto vertical, saltos con cargas y la velocidad de ejecución en el ejercicio de sentadilla en un grupo de jugadores profesionales de voleibol durante la temporada de competición. Se estableció la hipótesis de que el sa lto vertical mejoro por el uso combinado de entrenamiento de fuerza y salto, ambos caracterizados por una alta velocidad de ejecución (>1m/s). El rendimie nto neuromuscular fue estimado por la altura (cm) del salto sin cargas (CMJ), salto con cargas (CMJ loaded ), y por la velocidad (m/s) de desplazamiento en la fase concéntrica en la sentadilla completa (FS). Tuvo lugar un incremento significativo en CMJ y CMJ loaded después de 6 semanas de entrenamientos (5%, p<0.01; y 5.7%, p<0.05; respectivamente). Estos cambios fueron acompañados por un valor de Tamaño del Efecto pequeño y moderado (0.47, and 0.67 ; respectivamente). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la velocidad de desplazamiento en FS. El análisis de correlación lineal mostró una correlación moderada estadísticamente significativa entre los cambios en CMJ-CMJ loaded y CMJ-FS (r=0.62; y r=0.59, p<0.05; respectivamente). Aunque algo especulativo, nuestros resultados sugieren que el uso de cargas moderadas podría ser suficiente para mejorar el rendimiento del salto vertical, ya que en nuestro estudio no se excedió una carga equivalente al 60% de 1RM en FS y los ejercicios de saltos también fueron realizados con cargas ligeras

Determinant factors of pull up performance in trainedathletes

Aim: to investigate the relationship among pull up and lat pull exercises and differentanthropometric dimensions in trained athletes. Methods: twenty-five males were evaluated for maximum number of pull ups, one-repetitionmaximum lat pull (1RM Lat Pull), lat pull repetitions at 80% 1RM (Lat Pull at 80% 1RM), latpull repetitions at a load equivalent to body mass (Lat Pull at BM-load), and differentanthropometric variables. Furthermore, the subjects were divided in higher (HPG, n = 12) andlower pull up performance (LPG, n = 13) to compare the differences in the variables analyzedbetween both levels. Results: pull ups were significantly correlated with Lat Pull at BM-load (r = .62, P < .01) butneither with 1RM Lat Pull (r = .09) nor with Lat Pull at 80% 1RM (r = -.15). Pull ups showed asignificant (P < .05) negative relationship with body mass (BM, r = -.55), lean body mass(LBM, r = -.51), and fat mass (FM, r = -.52), while BM and LBM were significantly correlatedwith 1RM Lat Pull (r = .55, P < .05). HPG showed significantly (P < .05) lower BM (0/3/97%),FM (1/3/97%) and LBM (1/4/95%) than LPG. Furthermore, HPG attained significantly (P < .05– .001) greater performance in Lat Pull at BM-load (100/0/0%) and 1RM Lat Pull•BM-1(96/3/2%) than LPG. Conclusion: these findings suggest that pull up and lat pull exercises have common elements.Moreover, the anthropometric dimensions seem to influence differently on both exercises,depending on the strength indicator evaluated

Combined strength and jump exercises training, effects on the vertical jump performance in a group of senior elite male volleyball players during a complete competition season

Se ha sugerido que para mejorar el rendimiento en el salto vertical (SV), los jugadores de voleibol deben realizar entrenamie nto con cargas específico para voleibol. Este estudio examina los efectos del entrenamiento combinado de fuerza y ejercicios de saltos sobre el rendimiento en el SV, en un grupo de alto nivel de jugadores de voleibol durante una temporada completa de la competición. Doce jugadores profesional es de voleibol participaron en este estudio. El rendimiento se midió mediante la altura (cm) del salto sin carga (CMJ) y con carga (CMJ loaded ), y por la velocidad de desplazamiento en fase concéntrica de la sentadilla completa (FS) (m/s). El entrenamiento tuvo lugar 2 días/semana, 16 semanas (2 ciclos / 8 semanas, 1 semana de descanso). Los ejercicios de resistencia fueron: FS, 3-4 series / 4-6 repeticiones, 50% al 65% de 1RM; cargada de f uerza, 3 series / 4-6 repeticiones, con máxima carga que permite ejecución técnica correcta; saltos con carga, 3-4 series / 4-5 repeticiones, 50%-80% carga con la que alcanzaron una altura de unos 20 cm.; salto sin carga, 3-4 series / 5 repeticiones. Hubo un aumento significativo en CMJ y CMJl oaded (7.12% y 9.78%; p .05). Nuestros resultados sugieren que el uso de cargas moderadas podría producir resultados similares en el rendimiento del SV al uso de cargas elevadas, ya que en nuestro estudio no superamos una carga equivalente al 65% de 1RM en el FS y los ejercicios de salto se realizaron con cargas ligeras. Estos resultados indican que la especificidad d el entrenamiento, expresada por la proximidad de las velocidades de ejecución de los ejercicios de entrenamiento a la velocidad de ejecución del SV, es de terminante para el rendimiento.It has been suggested that to improve vertical jump performance, volleyball players must complete specific volleyball resistance training. This study examines the effects of combined strength and jump exercises training on the vertical jump performance, in a group of sen ior elite male volleyball players during a full competition season. Twelve professional male volleyball players took part in this study . Players competed in the first national division of the Spanish National League during the 2014-2015 season . The performance was estimated by unloaded (CMJ), loaded countermovement jumps (CMJ loaded ) height (cm) and by velocity of displacement in the concentric phase of full squat (FS) (m•s -1 ). Training took place 2 days/week, 16 weeks (2 cycles/8 weeks, 1 week recovery). The resistance exercises were: FS, 3-4 series/4-6 repetitions, load from 50%-65% 1RM ; hang power clean, 3 series/4-6 repetitions with the maximum load that allows a correct technical execution; loaded jump, 3-4 series/4-5 repetitio ns, load from 50%-80% according to the weight with which the athletes reached a height of about 20 cm.; unloaded jump, 3-4 series/5 repetitions. Ther e was a significant increase in CMJ and CMJloaded (7.12% and 9.78%; p.05) . Our results suggest that the use of moderate loads could produce similar results on vertical jump performance to the use of high loads, since in ou r study a load equivalent to 65% 1RM in the FS was not exceeded and jumping exercises were performed with light loads. These results indicate that the sp ecificity of training, which in this case is expressed by the proximity of the velocities of execution of the training exercises to the velocity of ex ecution of the vertical jump, is determinant for the performance

Relación entre test físicos específicos y rendimiento en gimnastas de elite

ResumenSe analizó la relación entre test físicos y rendimiento en Barras Paralelas (BP), Barra Fija (BF) y Caballo con Arcos (CA) en diez gimnastas varones de alto nivel. Se estimó la potencia media relativa al trepar 5m una cuerda (T5), la fuerza relativa al realizar máximas repeticiones de olímpicos desde escuadra (MRO), la flexibilidad activa (A) y pasiva (P) de flexión cadera (2A y 2P), y su abducción desde flexión a 90º (3A y 3P) y el rendimiento competitivo mediante el promedio de las notas finales (NF) en dos competiciones consecutivas. Existen relaciones significativas entre MRO con BP (r = 0,825; pAbstractWe analyzed the relationship between physical-test with the performance in Parallel Bar (BP), High Bar (BF) and Pommel Horse (CA) in ten elite gymnasts. The average power expressed on rope climbing 5m (T5) and the relative strength when performing maximum repetitions of L-support pike press to handstand (MRO) was estimated, the active (A) and passive (P) hip flexibility (2A and 2P), and his abduction from 90º hip-flexion (3A and 3P) and the competitive performance by averaging Final Score (NF) in two consecutive competitions. Significant relationships show between MRO with BP (r = 0.825; p doi:10.5232/ricyde2011.0220

Association Between Force-Time Curve Characteristics and Vertical Jump Performance in Trained Athletes

Countermovement jump (CMJ) has been extensively used in training; yet, limited and contradictory kinematic data are available for trained subjects. To our best knowledge, no other studies have evaluated the associations between force-time curve characteristics and CMJ in a large sample of trained athletes using a linear transducer. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the association between force-time measures and CMJ performance collected with a linear transducer. Thirty-five trained athletes were asked to perform 3 maximal weighted CMJ using a linear transducer attached to a barbell (17 kg). The data indicated that the maximal rate of force development (RFD(max)) was strongly related to CMJ displacement (r = 0.809/0.807, p < 0.001) and also to the percentage of peak force (r = -0.823/-0.809, p < 0.001) at RFD(max). Velocity and displacement at RFD(max) were not correlated to CMJ height. It was therefore concluded that the percentage of PF applied at RFD(max) and RFD(max) were the best predictive variables for CMJ performance in this study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relationship Between Throwing Velocity, Muscle Power, and Bar Velocity During Bench Press in Elite Handball Players

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ballthrowing velocity during a 3-step running throw and dynamic strength, power, and bar velocity during a concentric-only bench-press exercise in team-handball players. Methods: Fourteen elite senior male team-handball players volunteered to participate. Each volunteer had power and bar velocity measured during a concentric-only bench-press test with 26, 36, and 46 kg, as well as having 1-repetition-maximum (1-RMBP) strength determined. Ball-throwing velocity was evaluated with a standard 3-step running throw using a radar gun. Results: Ball-throwing velocity was related to the absolute load lifted during the 1-RMBP (r = .637, P = .014), peak power using 36 kg (r = .586, P = .028) and 46 kg (r = .582, P = .029), and peak bar velocity using 26 kg (r = .563, P = .036) and 36 kg (r = .625, P = .017). Conclusions: The results indicate that throwing velocity of elite team-handball players is related to maximal dynamic strength, peak power, and peak bar velocity. Thus, a training regimen designed to improve ball-throwing velocity in elite male team-handball players should include exercises that are aimed at increasing both strength and power in the upper body

Effect of velocity loss during squat training on neuromuscular performance

This study aimed to compare the effects of three resistance training (RT) programs differing in the magnitude of velocity loss (VL) allowed in each exercise set: 10%, 30%, or 45% on changes in strength, vertical jump, sprint performance, and EMG variables. Thirty-three young men were randomly assigned into three experimental groups (VL10%, VL30%, and VL45%; n = 11 each) that performed a velocity-based RT program for 8 weeks using only the full squat exercise (SQ). Training load (55-70% 1RM), frequency (2 sessions/week), number of sets (3), and inter-set recovery (4 min) were identical for all groups. Running sprint (20 m), countermovement jump (CMJ), 1RM, muscle endurance, and EMG during SQ were assessed pre- and post-training. All groups showed significant (VL10%: 6.4-58.6%; VL30%: 4.5-66.2%; VL45%: 1.8-52.1%; p < 0.05-0.001) improvements in muscle strength and muscle endurance. However, a significant group × time interaction (p < 0.05) was observed in CMJ, with VL10% showing greater increments (11.9%) than VL30% and VL45%. In addition, VL10% resulted in greater percent change in sprint performance than the other two groups (VL10%: -2.4%; VL30%: -1.8%; and VL45%: -0.5%). No significant changes in EMG variables were observed for any group. RT with loads of 55-70% 1RM characterized by a low-velocity loss (VL10%) provides a very effective and efficient training stimulus since it yields similar strength gains and greater improvements in sports-related neuromuscular performance (jump and sprint) compared to training with higher velocity losses (VL30%, VL45%). These findings indicate that the magnitude of VL reached in each exercise set considerably influences the observed training adaptations.Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spai

Estudio comparativo entre una metodología de aprendizaje tradicional respecto a una metodología de aprendizaje basada en el Learning by doing para la consecución de competencias específicas

En un momento de fuertes cambios legales y pedagógicos en el ámbito universitario de la educación en Europa, las Universidades han de introducir variaciones profundas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las materias que ofertan, para lograr las competencias profesionales objeto de las mismas. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer el efecto de una metodología basada en el "Learning by Doing", en comparativa con una tradicional, en la adquisición de las competencias específicas de la materia de Atletismo. Estudio longitudinal con un grupo experimental (n=78) y otro control (n=78) donde se utilizaron metodología basada en el "Learning by Doing" y metodología tradicional respectivamente. Se encontraron mejores calificaciones y menor número de suspensos para el grupo experimental, diferencias significativas en el segundo caso. Así como una percepción positiva del cambio metodológico tanto en el alumnado como en el profesorado. Nuevas metodologías han de sustituir a las tradicionales para la adquisición de competencias específicas.Artículo revisado por pare