RATOS ESPONTANEAMENTE HIPERTENSOS E NEUROPATIAS PERIFÉRICAS

Modelo do Estudo: O presente estudo é uma revisão de literatura sobre o modelo de hipertensão espontânea e as conseqüências da hipertensão para o sistema nervoso periférico, somático e autonômico. Importância do problema: Hipertensão é o principal fator de risco para acidente vascular cerebral e demência vascular, por causar importantes mudanças cerebrovasculares, tornando o cérebro propenso a infartos, microaneurismas e isquemias. As principais mudanças causadas no sistema nervoso central (SNC) pela hipertensão, incluem: diminuição do volume cerebral, aumento no volume dos ventrículos e perda neuronal. Além das alterações no cérebro, a hipertens ão causa outros danos que culminam em uma série de alterações patológicas renais e outras doenças, as quais sustentam a elevação da pressão arterial, aumento da freqüência cardíaca, e aumento da resistência vascular periférica. O rato espontaneamente hipertenso (SHR) é reconhecido como um excelente modelo de hipertensão experimental e pode servir como modelo de estudos clínicos da hipertensão essencial humana. Embora esse modelo tenha sido bastante explorado em termos fisiológicos, estudos morfológicos, quando presentes, se limitam aos vasos. Mesmo quando nervos periféricos foram estudados morfologicamente nesses animais, os vasos epineurais, perineurais e endoneurais foram o alvo do estudo. Raros são os estudos que envolvem as fibras nervosas nesse modelo de hipertensão. Comentários: Recentemente, estudamos as alterações do nervo depressor aórtico (NDA) em SHR. Nossos resultados mostraram redução do tamanho das fibras mielínicas e redução do tamanho e número das fibras amielínicas, comparados aos controles normotensos da linhagem Wistar-Kyoto. Outro estudo recente do nosso laboratório mostrou que, embora os níveis pressóricos dos SHR machos, bem como a freqüência cardíaca, sejam muito superiores aos das fêmeas, não há diferença morfológica nos nervos vagos cervicais entre SHR machos e fêmeas. Ainda, fazemos uma descrição morfológica e morfométrica do nervo sural de SHR, fornecendo parâmetros morfológicos para posteriores estudos funcionais.    Type of the study: The present study is a literature review about the spontaneous hypertension animal model, and the consequences of the hypertension to the peripheral nervous system, somatic and autonomic. Importance of the topic: Hypertension is the main risk factor to stroke and vascular dementia, due to important cerebrovascular changes that may lead to cerebral microaneurysms, infarction and acute ischemia. The main central nervous system changes due to hypertension are the reduction of the cerebral volume, increase of the ventricles volume and loss of neurons. Moreover, hypertension causes renal alterations and other pathologies that might sustain the high blood pressure, the tachycardia and the elevation of the peripheral vascular resistance. The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is recognized as an excellent model of the human essential hypertension. Nevertheless, despite that this animal model has been widely explored in terms ofphysiological studies, morphological studies, when available, are limited to the vessels. Even when periphera  nerves are being explored, the epineural, perineural and endoneural vessels are the subject of the studies. Information on the alterations of the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in this model of hypertension is scanty. Comments: Recently, we studied the morphology and morphometry of the aortic depressor nerve (ADN) in SHR and our results have demonstrated a reduction of the myelinated fibers size and a reduction of the number and size of the unmyelinated fibers, compared to the normotensive controls Wistar-Kyoto. Another recent study from our laboratory showed that, despite the significantly higher blood pressure and heart rate on male SHR, compared to female SHR, there are no morphological differences on the vagus nerves between males and females. Also, we have described the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the sural nerve in SHR, thus providing morphological background for further functional studies.   

Emprego do torniquete de rommel modificado na oclusão temporária dos vasos renais, em nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica em suínos

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patrimonio intelectual

Actas de congresoLas VI Jornadas se realizaron con la exposición de ponencias que se incluyeron en cuatro ejes temáticos, que se desarrollaron de modo sucesivo para facilitar la asistencia, el intercambio y el debate, distribuidos en tres jornadas. Los ejes temáticos abordados fueron: 1. La enseñanza como proyecto de investigación. Recursos de enseñanza-aprendizaje como mejoras de la calidad educativa. 2. La experimentación como proyecto de investigación. Del ensayo a la aplicabilidad territorial, urbana, arquitectónica y de diseño industrial. 3. Tiempo y espacio como proyecto de investigación. Sentido, destino y usos del patrimonio construido y simbólico. 4. Idea constructiva, formulación y ejecución como proyecto de investigación. Búsqueda y elaboración de resultados que conforman los proyectos de la arquitectura y el diseño

Aprendizajes dinámicos en línea : Experiencias piloto - Plataforma educativa con Adobe Acrobat Connect Pro

Como resultado de una investigación que iniciarámos en el año 2006 incursionamos en las TICs y en el uso de los sistemas de Comunicación Dinámica (SCD). A partir del año 2010 y en marco del PRO-MAR la FAUD incorpora el uso de las aulas virtuales en línea. La estructura académica del actual Plan de Estudio de la FAUD está siendo organizada en una nueva plataforma educativa en línea. Su implementación, prevista en el proyecto de investigación propuesto para el año 2010-2011 contempla varias instancias: inicialmente la puesta a punto del software y hardware para el armado de las mismas, instalación de los recursos tecnológicos para la optimización de los puestos de emisión y recepción de la clase en vivo, y la capacitación a los docentes e investigadores. Describiremos cómo a partir del ciclo lectivo 2011 se lleva adelante una experiencia piloto con alumnos recursantes de dos materias de la carrera de Arquitectura, Matemática II e Informática, ambas pertenecientes al nivel III de la carrera, bajo una modalidad de cursado sincrónico en ambientes virtuales en tiempo real. Mostraremos cómo la utilización de recursos didácticos y modalidades de transferencia combinadas, posibilitan la construcción de los conocimientos de una manera dinámica y colaborativa. El chat como complemento de verificación de la recepción de la clase y el anclaje de los conceptos. Conclusiones de un camino recorrido.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

In vitro mutagenicity of anti-inflammatory parsalmide analogues PA7, PA10, and PA31 triggered by biotransformation into hydroxy derivatives

In this study, the mutagenicity of the anti-inflammatory parsalmide [5-amino-N-butyl-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzamide] analogues PA7 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-cyclohexyloxy-benzamide], PA10 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-phenoxy-benzamide] and PA31 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-(p-tolyloxy)-benzamide] was determined by an Ames Salmonella assay. The experiments were performed by preincubating the compounds in the absence and presence of a post-mitochondrial fraction (S9) of rat liver homogenate from phenobarbital/beta-naphtoflavone treated rats. No mutagenic effect was observed after direct testing (no S9 added) in Salmonella typhymurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537. However, in the presence of S9, the test substances triggered mutagenic responses in strains TA100 and TA98. PA31 presented the strongest mutagenic potential. The reversion rates in the presence of PA31 were about 2-19 fold higher than spontaneous mutation rates. In the presence of PA7, the reversion increased 2-14-fold over spontaneous rates. While PA10 showed a relatively mild mutagenic potential, as the number of revertants did not exceed 2.5 times the number of spontaneous mutations. Mass spectrometric analysis of the in vitro biotransformation showed that S9 converted (%), regioselectively, PA7 (19%), PAIO (7%) and PA31 (12%) into hydroxy-derivatives

In vitro mutagenicity of anti-inflammatory parsalmide analogues PA7, PA10, and PA31 triggered by biotransformation into hydroxy derivatives

In this study, the mutagenicity of the anti-inflammatory parsalmide [5-amino-N-butyl-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzamide] analogues PA7 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-cyclohexyloxy-benzamide], PA10 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-phenoxy-benzamide] and PA31 [5-amino-N-butyl-2-(p-tolyloxy)-benzamide] was determined by an Ames Salmonella assay. The experiments were performed by preincubating the compounds in the absence and presence of a post-mitochondrial fraction (S9) of rat liver homogenate from phenobarbital/beta-naphtoflavone treated rats. No mutagenic effect was observed after direct testing (no S9 added) in Salmonella typhymurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537. However, in the presence of S9, the test substances triggered mutagenic responses in strains TA100 and TA98. PA31 presented the strongest mutagenic potential. The reversion rates in the presence of PA31 were about 2-19 fold higher than spontaneous mutation rates. In the presence of PA7, the reversion increased 2-14-fold over spontaneous rates. While PA10 showed a relatively mild mutagenic potential, as the number of revertants did not exceed 2.5 times the number of spontaneous mutations. Mass spectrometric analysis of the in vitro biotransformation showed that S9 converted (%), regioselectively, PA7 (19%), PAIO (7%) and PA31 (12%) into hydroxy-derivatives. (c) 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.41340841

Effect on adhesion of a nanocapsules-loaded adhesive system

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the in situ degree of conversion, contact angle, and immediate and long-term bond strengths of a commercial primer and an experimental adhesive containing indomethacin- and triclosan-loaded nanocapsules (NCs). The indomethacin- and triclosan-loaded NCs, which promote anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects through controlled release, were incorporated into the primer at a concentration of 2% and in the adhesive at concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and 10%. The in situ degree of conversion (DC, n=3) was evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The contact angle of the primer and adhesive on the dentin surface (n = 3) was determined by an optical tensiometer. For the microtensile bond strength µTBS test (12 teeth per group), stick-shaped specimens were tested under tensile stress immediately after preparation and after storage in water for 1 year. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests with α=0.05. The use of the NC-loaded adhesive resulted in a higher in situ degree of conversion. The DC values varied from 75.07 ± 8.83% to 96.18 ± 0.87%. The use of NCs in only the adhesive up to a concentration of 5% had no influence on the bond strength. The contact angle of the primer remained the same with and without NCs. The use of both the primer and adhesive with NCs (for all concentrations) resulted in a higher contact angle of the adhesive. The longitudinal μTBS was inversely proportional to the concentration of NCs in the adhesive system, exhibiting decreasing values for the groups with primer containing NCs and adhesives with increasing concentrations of NCs. Adhesives containing up to 5% of nanocapsules and primer with no NCs maintained the in situ degree of conversion, contact angle, and immediate and long-term bond strengths. Therefore, the NC-loaded adhesive can be an alternative method for combining the bond performance and therapeutic effects. The use of an adhesive with up to 5% nanocapsules containing indomethacin and triclosan and a primer with no nanocapsules maintained the long-term bond performance