Extreme set-up and run-up on steep cliffs (Banneg Island, France)

International audienceno abstrac

Determination of the threshold of cardiac troponin I associated with an adverse postoperative outcome after cardiac surgery: a comparative study between coronary artery bypass graft, valve surgery, and combined cardiac surgery

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To compare postoperative cardiac troponin I (cTnI) release and the thresholds of cTnI that predict adverse outcome after elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), valve, and combined cardiac surgery. METHODS: Six hundred and seventy five adult patients undergoing conventional cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in the CABG (n=225) and valve surgery groups (n=225) were selected after matching (age, sex) with those in the combined surgery group (n=225). cTnI was measured preoperatively and 24 h after the end of surgery. The main endpoint was a severe postoperative cardiac event (sustained ventricular arrhythmias requiring treatment, need for inotropic support or intra-aortic balloon pump for at least 24 h, postoperative myocardial infarction) and/or death. Data are medians and odds ratio [95% confidence interval]. RESULTS: Postoperative cTnI levels were significantly different among the three groups (Combined 11.0 [9.5-13.1] vs. CABG 5.2 [4.7-5.7] and Valve 7.8 [7.6-8.0] ng.mL-1, respectively, P<0.05). The thresholds of cTnI predicting severe cardiac event and/or death were also significantly different among the three groups (Combined 11.8 [11.5-14.8] vs. CABG 7.8 [6.7-8.8] and Valve 9.3 [8.0-14.0] ng.mL-1 respectively, P<0.05 level). An elevated cTnI above the threshold in each group was significantly associated with severe cardiac event and/or death (odds ratio, 4.33 [2.82-6.64]). CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of postoperative cTnI release is related to the type of cardiac surgical procedure. Different thresholds of cTnI must be considered according to the procedure type to predict early an adverse postoperative outcom

Le projet CIRDO d'assistance aux personnes âgées isolées à domicile

National audienceCIRDO RI est un projet qui vise à mettre au point un système d'assistance pour faciliter le maintien à domicile des personnes âgées et/ou dépendantes. Il a pour objectif de sécuriser les seniors et de favoriser leur autonomie pour soulager les familles et les aidants. L'idée principale du projet CIRDO est d'utiliser à la fois l'analyse vidéo et la reconnaissance de la parole et ceci dans le même processus. Afin de répondre aux contraintes fixées dans le projet CIRDO comme le respect de l'intimité, la préservation de l'information privée et la réactivité dans la détection de situations de détresse, les solutions proposées sont conçues pour opérer en tâches de fond, sans l'intervention d'un opérateur. Outre l'aspect technique, ce projet porte également sur l'évaluation psycho-sociale et psycho-ergonomique de ces technologies par des utilisateurs potentiels et leur entourage (famille, aidants...) au niveau de leur utilisabilité et de leur acceptabilité notamment. Des expérimentations conduites dans un milieu réaliste ont permis l'enregistrement de données audio et vidéo correspondant au cas d'usage

Extended-Synaptotagmin-2 Mediates FGF Receptor Endocytosis and ERK Activation In Vivo

SummaryTargeting of activated plasma membrane receptors to endocytic pathways is important in determining the outcome of growth factor signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we show that the synaptotagmin-related membrane protein E-Syt2 is essential for rapid endocytosis of the activated FGF receptor and for functional signal transduction during Xenopus development. E-Syt2 depletion prevents an early phase of activated FGF receptor endocytosis that we show is required for ERK activation and the induction of the mesoderm. E-Syt2 interacts selectively with the activated FGF receptor and with Adaptin-2, and is required upstream of Ras activation and of receptor autophosphorylation for ERK activation and the induction of the mesodermal marker Xbra. The data identify E-Syt2 as an endocytic adaptor for the clathrin-mediated pathway whose function is conserved in human and suggest a broader role for the E-Syt subfamily in growth factor signaling

New geological and tephrochronological data on the palaeontological site of the Senèze maar (Early Pleistocene, Massif Central, France)

The volcanic system of Senèze (Domeyrat, Haute-Loire) comprises a basanite flow, scoriae, a maar crater and phreatomagmatic products. New field research and detailed cartography clarify their geometry and geological relationships. The maar contains an important palaeontological site of the Early Pleistocene that yielded forty species of mammals attributed to the biozone MNQ 18 (of which it is the reference locality). The excavations undertaken between 2001 and 2006 recovered new fossils and documented their stratigraphic and geodynamic context. The fossiliferous site is located on the shore of the palaeolake and includes several lacustrine and slope deposits linked to the contemporaneous climatic changes which in turn produced a number of locally fossiliferous findspots which appear to be close in age. The discovery of ten tephras emitted by the Mont-Dore strato-volcano, situated 60 km to the NW allowed development of a remarkable tephrochronological framework. Because of the intense weathering of the tephras, their composition is determined by their mineralogical content (feldspars, brown amphiboles, brown and green diopside, titanite, apatite, zircon, biotite-phlogopite, Fe-Ti oxides) and the chemical composition of feldspars (anorthoclase, sodic sanidine and plagioclases). The study of these tephras reveals the importance of the contemporaneous (mainly trachytic) pyroclastic activity and confirms the polyphased deposition of the site. The 40Ar/39Ar laser dating of alkali feldspars from five tephras shows a relatively narrow range of age comprised between 2.09 and 2.21 \textpm 0.02 Ma (1σ, age relative to ACs-2 standard at 1.201 Ma). Senèze is thus confirmed as a key Early Pleistocene palaeontological site in Europe

The CIRDO Corpus: Comprehensive Audio/Video Database of Domestic Falls of Elderly People

International audienceAmbient Assisted Living aims at enhancing the quality of life of older and disabled people at home thanks to Smart Homes. In particular, regarding elderly living alone at home, the detection of distress situation after a fall is very important to reassure this kind of population. However, many studies do not include tests in real settings, because data collection in this domain is very expensive and challenging and because of the few available data sets. The CIRDOcorpus is a dataset recorded in realistic conditions in DOMUS, a fully equipped Smart Home with microphones and home automation sensors, in which participants performed scenarios including real falls on a carpet and calls for help. These scenarios were elaborated thanks to a field study involving elderly persons. Experiments related in a first part to distress detection in real-time using audio and speech analysis and in a second part to fall detection using video analysis are presented. Results show the difficulty of the task. The database can be used as standardized database by researchers to evaluate and compare their systems for elderly person's assistance. Keywords: audio and video data set, multimodal corpus, natural language and multimodal interaction, Ambient Assisted Living (AAL), distress situation

Preclinical modeling of low energy X-rays radiological burn: Dosimetry study by monte carlo simulations and EPR spectroscopy

Interventional radiology has grown considerably over the last decades and become an essential tool for treatment or diagnosis. This technique is mostly beneficial and mastered but accidental overexposure can occur and lead to the appearance of deterministic effects. The lack of knowledge about the radiobiological consequences for the low-energy X-rays used for these practices makes the prognosis very uncertain for the different tissues. In order to improve the radiation protection of patients and better predict the risk of complications, we implemented a new preclinical mouse model to mimic radiological burn in interventional radiology and performed a complete characterization of the dose deposition. A new setup and collimator were designed to irradiate the hind legs of 15 mice at 30 Gy in air kerma at 80 kV. After irradiation, mice tibias were collected to evaluate bone dose by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy measurements. Monte Carlo simulations with Geant4 were performed in simplified and voxelized phantoms to characterize the dose deposition in different tissues and evaluate the characteristics of secondary electrons (energy, path, momentum). 30 mice tibias were collected for EPR analysis. An average absorbed dose of 194.0 ± 27.0 Gy was measured in bone initially irradiated at 30 Gy in air kerma. A bone to air conversion factor of 6.5 ± 0.9 was determined. Inter sample and inter mice variability has been estimated to 13.9%. Monte Carlo simulations shown the heterogeneity of the dose deposition for these low X-rays energies and the dose enhancement in dense tissue. The specificities of the secondary electrons were studied and showed the influence of the tissue density on energies and paths. A good agreement between the experimental and calculated bone to air conversion factor was obtained. A new preclinical model allowing to perform radiological burn in interventional radiology-like conditions was implemented. For the development of new preclinical radiobiological model where the exact knowledge of the dose deposited in the different tissues is essential, the complementarity of Monte Carlo simulations and experimental measurements for the dosimetric characterization has proven to be a considerable asset

CIRDO: Smart companion for helping elderly to live at home for longer

8 pagesInternational audienceCirdo project is intended to establish new healthcare systems to ensure the safety at home of seniors and people with decreasing independence. In particular, extending "e-lio" (http://www.technosens.fr/) device, Cirdo aims to develop an audio/video-based system which makes it possible for elderly to live with a sufficient degree of autonomy. To achieve this goal, generic purposes on video analysis and audio processing are discussed and implemented in the same process. Audio and video analysis algorithms are launched simultaneously and thinks to GPU implementation, the tasks are done in real time. To comply with the requirements set out in the Cirdo project namely: respect privacy and preserve personal data, the processing tasks is performed through background tasks, without any human intrusion. In order to have different types of fall for our experiences, multiple scenarios were designed and performed by several persons. Besides the technical aspect, the project also focuses on generic technology validation by potential users and their human environment (family, caregivers/care takers...). Psychological and ergonomic assessment on the use of services developed was conducted. It focused on the usefulness, usability and accessibility and acceptance of the tool. This evaluation was completed by critical investigation of knowledge acquired by professionals (geriatricians, caregivers school and associations)