Information-statistical approach to inverse optical problem solution for 3D disperse systems with nano- and micro particles

Multiparameter analysis of simultaneous optical data for 3D disperse systems (consisted from nano- and/or microparticles of different nature) by information-statistical methods can help to estimate the share of different types of particles in mixtures. At the solution of inverse optical problem for unknown poly-component 3D DS, the comparison of measured parameters with the known ones from the set of mono-component 3D DS can help to identify the component content of the system under study. The approach was tested on the biomineral water mixtures of kaolin clay and bacterium coli bacillus with the help of the program based on the information-statistical theory. To solve the impurity optical recognition tasks, the Base of optical data for 3D DS is needed.Multiparameter analysis of simultaneous optical data for 3D disperse systems (consisted from nano- and/or microparticles of different nature) by information-statistical methods can help to estimate the share of different types of particles in mixtures. At the solution of inverse optical problem for unknown poly-component 3D DS, the comparison of measured parameters with the known ones from the set of mono-component 3D DS can help to identify the component content of the system under study. The approach was tested on the biomineral water mixtures of kaolin clay and bacterium coli bacillus with the help of the program based on the information-statistical theory. To solve the impurity optical recognition tasks, the Base of optical data for 3D DS is needed

Activities of the Medical Commission during the Prophylactic Medical Examination of Athletes

Background. Preserving the health of the population, including those involved in sports, is one of the priority directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the existing legislative and regulatory framework, a system for monitoring the quality and safety of medical care is being implemented in health care institutions, which also applies to medical and physical training services. One of the levels of functioning of such a system is the activity of the medical commission. Intensive training and competitive loads make increased demands on the body and are considered a risk factor for the health of athletes, which serves as the basis for their in-depth medical examination and dispensary observation. Therefore, the primary task of the medical commission during the prophylactic medical examination of athletes is to issue an expert opinion in difficult cases regarding the training and competitive activity of persons with deviations in the state of health.The objective of the research was to study of the activities of the medical commission during the prophylactic medical examination of athletes in the conditions of a medical and physical service on the basis of a scientific analysis of the results of its work for two years.Materials and methods. We studied the medical documentation of athletes who passed the medical commission for two years (2018–2019; n = 82 and n = 81, respectively). The nature of the decisions made and the structure of their reasons were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test with amendments.Results. The share of positive and negative decisions of the commission, as well as temporary suspension from sports by years, their statistical dependences and the strength of the connection between the results are shown. The stability of the negative conclusions of the commission, as well as the structure of their reasons, was revealed (р ˃ 0.05). At the same time, in the second year of observation, they were more often temporarily suspended from sports due to musculoskeletal system diseases and less often as a result of injuries (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The main regularities of the distribution and formation of expert decisions of the medical commission for the years under study were revealed. The necessity of its activity for the medical and physical training service during the medical examination of athletes is noted, as well as the factors that prevent this are indicated

Information and logistic foundations of pedagogical education design and content education

© 2015, Review of European Studies. All right reserved. The statement and solution of the design problem and implementation of pedagogical education content on the basis of information streams integration demands scientific and experimental justification which is carried out within the problem field of pedagogical science. In this regard, this article aims at developing an information-logistic model for designing and implementing the content of teacher education. The presented information-logistic model for designing and implementing the content of teacher education in the article presupposes the disclosure of the pedagogical system component structure as the base of information traffics differentiation. Materials of the article can be useful for the improvement of teachers’ training system focused on their professional growth and their future competitiveness in the conditions of information society and innovative production development

The experience of using the joint control devices of voltage and reactive power regulation on a laboratory bench

The paper demonstrates an approach to the creation of the mathematical model of electric power transmission grid with using an artificial neural network for training a centralized system of ACS RPVC. The efficiency of its application was proved during the full-scale experiment on the laboratory bench

Discovery of metastable tetragonal disordered phase upon phase transitions in the equiatomic nanostructured FePd alloy

Specific features of the phase transformation 1 → L10 (space groups Fm3m and P4/mmm, respectively) in single crystals of the equiatomic alloy FePd subjected to annealings both in the absence and in the presence of external uniaxial load, as well as in polycrystalline samples that had undergone severe plastic deformation via high-pressure torsion and subsequent annealing, have been studied. An investigation of the single crystals in a nanostructured state formed at different stages of ordering annealing was performed using optical polarization, thermomagnetic and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The nanostructured state of the polycrystalline samples FePd after deformation of both disordered and ordered FePd alloys and subsequent annealing was examined with the help of TEM and X-ray techniques. The results obtained were analyzed based on the known concepts of the symmetry theory of phase transitions. It was concluded that the atomic ordering in the FePd alloys is preceded by the formation of a ferroelastic disordered body-centered tetragonal phase with the structural type 6 and the space group I4/mmm. Experimental data that evidence the existence of a tetragonal disordered phase both in the single crystals and in the polycrystalline samples of FePd after severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing are reported. Thus, the A1 ↔ A6 ↔ L10 phase transformation represents a combination of different types of phase transitions such as cooperative displacement A1 ↔ 6 and ordering A6 ↔ L10 of atoms

A social portrait of the Russian trainer

The purposes of this paper are to survey Russian trainers to create a social portrait of the professional group and to identify features, which could be arranged as a foothold for transforming this group to a new level given the demands of the modern economy. This study integrates the use of quantitative and qualitative social research strategies to obtain, aggregate, and analyze data characterizing the professional group of trainers in the Russian vocational education and training (VET) system. The basic research was provided by questionnaires in all federal districts (as recognized by international law) of the Russian Federation. The quantitative poll of trainers was conducted by representative two-level sampling. A number of tables and charts provide a social portrait of the Russian trainer. The statistical data reveal the current level of trainers’ education as well as their length of service, distribution of vocations, and other significant features. The overall conclusion from these findings indicates that a typical representative of this professional group is a woman of average or slightly advanced age with a family, who has a VET or higher education, has served as a training officer for not less than 10 years, and who has either been recruited as a highly skilled worker or as a specialist. A typical representative feels the need to change something in the life and teaching of the young people that she knows. The research into trainers as a professional group was conducted first because of their uniformity, and secondly, their typicality as a pedagogical group. In many respects, the main characteristics of the social portrait are similar to characteristics of other professional groups in the Russian education system, such as secondary and post-secondary school teachers, and VET teachers. The study is based on one country. It is the first and only survey of its type in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a unique analysis of the situation with trainers in the VET system of the Russian Federation. © 2016 Kopnov et al

Changes in the pattern of sleep disturbances in healthy subjects under 21-day antiorthostatic hypokinesia

Background. Antiorthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH) reproduces some of the effects of weightlessness on the human body and is used to study adaptation to space flight conditions. It is known that ANOH affects nighttime sleep, but there is no information in the literature on the sequence of occurrence of sleep disorders in ANOH.The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of subjective changes in assessing sleep quality under conditions of antiorthostatic hypokinesia.Materials and methods. Six healthy male volunteers (age from 26 to 34  years) participated in the experiment with 21-day ANOH. They were on a medical bed with a body inclination angle relative to the horizon of –6° for 21 days. To assess sleep quality, a structured questionnaire was used that assessed sleep duration, rate of falling asleep, night awakenings, the presence of daytime sleepiness, and daytime falling asleep.Results. Based on the assessment of the dynamics of the sleep efficiency index (SEI), three stages of adaptation were identified. At the stage of acute adaptation (the first 3 days), there is a decrease in SEI from 96.4 to 91.3 (p < 0.01), a statistically significant prolongation of falling asleep from 17.6 to 33.6  minutes (p  <  0.01), an increase duration of night awakenings up to 17.4 minutes, increase in daytime sleepiness by 11 %. In the next 3 days (the “recovery” stage), there is a statistically significant increase in SEI compared to the 1st stage to 94.7 (p < 0.01), but it remains statistically significantly lower than the background values (p < 0.004). The number of complaints about daytime sleepiness increases (up to 42  %), evening bedtime shifts later by 26 minutes. At the 3rd stage (the remaining nights) there is a relative stabilization of the sleep-wake cycle.Conclusion. Under conditions of 21-day ANOH, a gradual change in the pattern of sleep disturbances occurs. The most negative changes in terms of subjective assessment were noted in the first three days. Then there is an improvement in falling asleep, a decrease in night awakenings, combined with an increase in daytime sleepiness and the formation of a schedule with a later bedtime

Genetic resources of narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and their role in its domestication and breeding

Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a cultivated multipurpose species with a very short history of domestication. It is used as a green manure, and for feed and food. This crop shows good prospects for use in pharmacology and as a source of fish feeds in aquaculture. However, its genetic potential for the development of productive and adaptable cultivars is far from being realized. For crop species, the genetic base of the cultivated gene pool has repeatedly been shown as being much narrower than that of the wild gene pool. Therefore, efficient utilization of a species’ genetic resources is important for the crop’s further improvement. Analyzing the information on the germplasm collections preserved in national gene banks can help perceive the worldwide diversity of L. angustifolius genetic resources and understand how they are studied and used. In this context, the data on the narrow-leaved lupine collection held by VIR are presented: its size and composition, the breeding status of accessions, methods of studying and disclosing intraspecific differentiation, the classifications used, and the comparison of this information with available data on other collections. It appeared that VIR’s collection of narrow-leaved lupine, ranking as the world’s second largest, differed significantly from others by the prevalence of advanced cultivars and breeding material in it, while wild accessions prevailed in most collections. The importance of the wild gene pool for the narrow-leaved lupine breeding in Australia, the world leader in lupine production, is highlighted. The need to get an insight into the species’ ecogeographic diversity in order to develop cultivars adaptable to certain cultivation conditions is shown. The data on the testing of VIR’s collection for main crop characters valuable for breeders are presented. Special attention is paid to the study of accessions with limited branching as a promising gene pool for cultivation in relatively northern regions of Russia. They demonstrate lower but more stable productivity, and suitability for cultivation in planting patterns, which has a number of agronomic advantages. Analyzing the work with narrow-leaved lupine genetic resources in different national gene banks over the world helps shape the prospects of further activities with VIR’s collection as the only source of promising material for domestic breeding

New advances in Raman study of polyvinylchloride structure

In this work we investigated Raman spectra of a number of industrial grades of polyvinylchloride powder and films, prepared from solutions in tetrahydrofuran and acetophenone. The number and spectral characteristics of the Raman lines in the spectral regions of the C-Cl stretching vibrations and in the region of the C-H and CH2 stretching vibrations were evaluated

Laser Therapy in Correction of Optimization of Surgical Endointoxication

The problem of endointoxication remains one of the most urgent in modern surgery. The severity of the intoxication syndrome is determined not only by the intensity of the entry of toxic substances into the bloodstream from the lesion focus, but also by the adequacy of the functioning of the main mechanisms of detoxification - elimination of toxins. Clinical and laboratory studies of 62 patients with acute peritonitis were performed. To this end, daily sessions of laser therapy with “Matrix” were conducted for 5 days after the operation, using a head of KLO3 (radiation with a wavelength of 635 nm, 2 mW). Laser irradiation of blood through the skin in the projection of the ulnar vein was performed for 30 minutes. Using laser therapy for patients with acute peritonitis led to the reduction of the endogenous intoxication severity. The level of medium-mass molecules (λ = 280 nm) decreased by 13.3-26.2% compared to the control, the level of average-weight molecules (λ = 254 nm) decreased by 15.5-32.6% (p <0.05) against the background of laser therapy. Thus, the use of laser therapy in patients with acute peritonitis has led to a decrease in the severity of endogenous intoxication. One of the significant components of this treatment is its ability to improve microcirculation and, as a result, to correct lipid peroxidation and hypoxia, which reduces catabolic phenomena (one of the sources of endogenous intoxication). Clinical and laboratory studies have established that the effectiveness of such treatment decreases with severe forms of peritonitis