Laser induced magnetization switching in films with perpendicular anisotropy: a comparison between measurements and a multi-macrospin model

Thermally-assisted ultra-fast magnetization reversal in a DC magnetic field for magnetic multilayer thin films with perpendicular anisotropy has been investigated in the time domain using femtosecond laser heating. The experiment is set-up as an optically pumped stroboscopic Time Resolved Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect magnetometer. It is observed that a modest laser fluence of about 0.3 mJ/square-cm induces switching of the magnetization in an applied field much less than the DC coercivity (0.8 T) on the sub-nanosecond time-scale. This switching was thermally-assisted by the energy from the femtosecond pump-pulse. The experimental results are compared with a model based on the Landau Lifschitz Bloch equation. The comparison supports a description of the reversal process as an ultra-fast demagnetization and partial recovery followed by slower thermally activated switching due to the spin system remaining at an elevated temperature after the heating pulse.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, to be submitted to PR

BREAKTHROUGH ECONOMY: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

It has been shown, that the national economy of Russia is subject to reform and needs in innovative transformation. The information economy implies radical changes in all its spheres and affects the activities of many economic entities at different hierarchical levels of management. The directions of creation of development institutions, combining elements of self-regulation and state regulation and providing formation of breakthrough economy have been highlighted. A new breakthrough technologies of transformation of economy, along with traditional methods of managing the most priority of which are mobilizing resources in education and science-intensive industries have been considered

Assessment of the reliability of the locomotive based on statistical methods of quality management

The lack of reliability of the diesel locomotive operation leads to a decrease in the technical and economic efficiency of using the locomotive service of the enterprise. During the experiment which aimed at assessing the reliability of repair and maintenance of a diesel locomotive in one of the railway divisions of OJSC "Russian Railways", it was found that the failures may be distributed by types of equipment, based on the failures for 12 months of 2017. Statistical quality management methods were used to identify the most problematic types of locomotive equipment and specific causes of failures. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Social aspects of migrants’ adaptation in Russia in the digital economy

The state, due to its socio-economic nature, must regulate and control the most important social processes. Migration is an important part of these processes, since the attraction of additional labor resources will give a certain impetus to the sustainable development of the country and ensure long-term economic growth. However, the implementation of migration policy is associated with a whole range of problems. The problems of social and digital adaptation of migrants, social and territorial disunity are among them. Added to this is the lack of effective interaction between public authorities and municipalities with civil society institutions, as well as the presence of a clear bias in ensuring equal opportunities in obtaining public services, depending on the level of income, migration status and other factors. The weak role of civil institutions in social and cultural adaptation and the language barrier also exacerbate the situation. The dominance of unskilled personnel in the structure of migration flows aggravates their digital adaptation. The digitalisation of many processes could have a signifcant impact in solving these problems. With its help, an effective institutional environment would gradually form. This article examines the social aspects of migrants’ adaptation in the context of digitalization. In the course of the research, the author conducted a comprehensive analysis, including observations, expert interviews and analysis of regulatory documents. The paper considers various aspects of the adaptation of migrants within the framework of political, socio-economic, psychological, national and demographic problems. As the study showed, in the context of digitalization it is necessary to form a fundamentally new institutional environment in the feld of adaptation of migrants in the host country. A qualitatively different regulatory framework, new institutions that harmonize the interests of the state, civil society, business and migrants should become a part of this environment

The new standard sheet hot-dip-galvanized flat product

1 июля 2017 года будет вводиться в действие новый национальный стандарт ГОСТ Р 52246–2016 «Прокат листовой горячеоцинкованный. Технические условия». В новой версии стандарта значительно увеличился диапазон изготавливаемого горячеоцинкованного прокатаOn July 1, 2017, the national standard GOST R 52246–2016 «Sheet hot-dip-galvanized flat prod-uct. Specifications» will be put into operation. The range of hot-dip galvanized mill products in-creased in new standar

Electromagnetically induced switching of ferroelectric thin films

We analyze the interaction of an electromagnetic spike (one cycle) with a thin layer of ferroelectric medium with two equilibrium states. The model is the set of Maxwell equations coupled to the undamped Landau-Khalatnikov equation, where we do not assume slowly varying envelopes. From linear scattering theory, we show that low amplitude pulses can be completely reflected by the medium. Large amplitude pulses can switch the ferroelectric. Using numerical simulations and analysis, we study this switching for long and short pulses, estimate the switching times and provide useful information for experiments

TENSILE PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF DIRECT METAL LASER-SINTERED TI6AL4V (ELI) ALLOY

Published ArticleDirect metal laser sintering (DMLS) is an additive manufacturing technology used to melt metal powder by high laser power to produce customised parts, light-weight structures, or other complex objects. During DMLS, powder is melted and solidified track-by-track and layer-by-layer; thus, building direction can influence the mechanical properties of DMLS parts. The mechanical properties and microstructure of material produced by DMLS can depend on the powder properties, process parameters, scanning strategy, and building geometry. In this study, the microstructure, tensile properties, and porosity of DMLS Ti6Al4V (ELI) horizontal samples were analysed. Defect analysis by CT scans in pre-strained samples was used to detect the crack formation mechanism during tensile testing of as-built and heat-treated samples. The mechanical properties of the samples before and after stress relieving are discussed

Mandatory certification in China

Китай является второй экономикой мира и крупнейшим импортером и экспортером продукции. Сведения о системе обязательной сертификации, действующей в Китае и распространяющейся как на произведенную в Китае, так и на введенную продукцию в Китай весьма актуальны. В статье рассмотрены основные положения системы обязательной сертификации, действующей в КитаеChina is the world's second largest economy and largest importer and exporter. Information about the system of mandatory certification of operating in China and spread as produced in China and introduced products to China is very relevant. The article describes the main provisions of the sys-tem of mandatory certification of operating in Chin

The level of compliance of Russian and European rails standards on groups of indicators: the design and dimensions of rails

It is proved that the level of compliance of national and international standards determines the competitiveness of products. GOST R 51685–2013 «Railway rails. General technical conditions» is a new stage in the struggle for the competitiveness of domestic rails. The level of compliance of requirements imposed on the rails in the national standard GOST R 51685–2013 and the European Standard EN 13674–1–2011on the group of indicators: design and dimensions of the rails on the four-point of scale comparison is comparedДоказывется, что уровень соответствия требований национальных и международных стандартов определяет конкурентоспособность продукции. Утверждается, что ГОСТ Р 51685–2013 «Рельсы железнодорожные. Общие технические условия» – новая ступень в борьбе за конкурентоспособность отечественных рельсов. Сравнивается уровень соответствия требований, предъявляемых к рельсам, в национальном стандарте ГОСТ Р 51685–2013 и европейском стандарте EN 13674–1–2011, по группе показателей: конструкция и размеры рельсов по четырехбалльной шкале сравнени