La huella del Trabajo Social en los equipos de orientación educativa y psicopedagógica de la Comunidad de Madrid

El Sistema Educativo Español cuenta con una comunidad educativa formada por profesionales que ofrecen servicios en los centros de enseñanza, gracias a los cuales se promueven actividades de aprendizaje donde las personas pueden obtener los conocimientos necesarios para su integración exitosa en la sociedad. Dentro del sistema educativo, si enfocamos la visión en los Centros de Educación Infantil y Primaria (de ahora en adelante CEIP), encontramos los Equipos de Orientación Educativa y Psicopedagógica (de ahora en adelante EOEP), encargados de determinar actuaciones concretas dirigidas al Alumnado con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (de ahora en adelante ACNEE), con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje o con altas capacidades, por medio de intervenciones socioeducativas. Es en este equipo donde se va a indagar sobre la importancia del perfil y, más concretamente, sobre las funciones de una trabajadora social en su desempeño como Profesor Técnico de Servicios a la Comunidad (de ahora en adelante PTSC). Para ello, comenzaremos indagando en la estructura y objetivos de los EOEP para así poder enfocar el contexto de actuación de los PTSC. También se describirán y definirán las actuaciones de esta profesión, enfatizando en la esencialidad de las funciones propias del Trabajo Social (de ahora en adelante TS) dentro de la misma y, con ello, en el espacio educativo

The footprint of Social Work in the educational and psychopedagogical guidance teams of the Comumunity of Madrid

El Sistema Educativo Español cuenta con una comunidad educativa formada por profesionales que ofrecen servicios en los centros de enseñanza, gracias a los cuales se promueven actividades de aprendizaje donde las personas pueden obtener los conocimientos necesarios para su integración exitosa en la sociedad. Dentro del sistema educativo, si enfocamos la visión en los Centros de Educación Infantil y Primaria (de ahora en adelante CEIP), encontramos los Equipos de Orientación Educativa y Psicopedagógica (de ahora en adelante EOEP), encargados de determinar actuaciones concretas dirigidas al Alumnado con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (de ahora en adelante ACNEE), con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje o con altas capacidades, por medio de intervenciones socioeducativas. Es en este equipo donde se va a indagar sobre la importancia del perfil y, más concretamente, sobre las funciones de una trabajadora social en su desempeño como Profesor Técnico de Servicios a la Comunidad (de ahora en adelante PTSC). Para ello, comenzaremos indagando en la estructura y objetivos de los EOEP para así poder enfocar el contexto de actuación de los PTSC. También se describirán y definirán las actuaciones de esta profesión, enfatizando en la esencialidad de las funciones propias del Trabajo Social (de ahora en adelante TS) dentro de la misma y, con ello, en el espacio educativo.The Spanish Educational System has an educational community made up of professionals who offer services in educational systems, thanks to that professionals learning activities are promoted where people can obtain the necessary knowledge for their successful integration into society. Within the educational system, if we focus the vision on the Early Childhood and Primary Education centers (from now on ECPE), we find the Educational and Psychopedagogical Guidance Teams (from now on EPGT), in charge of determining specific actions aimed at students with special educational needs (from now on SSEN), with specific learning difficulties or with high abilities, through socioeducational interventions. It’s in this team where the importance of the profile and, more specifically, the functions of a social worker will be investigated in his performance as Technical Professor of Community Services (from now on TPCS). To do this, we will begin by investigating the structure and objectives of the EOEP in order to focus on the context of action of the PTSC. The actions of this profession will also be described and defined, emphasizing the essentiality of the functions of Social Work (fromnow on SW) within it and, with it, in the educational space.Depto. de Trabajo Social y Servicios SocialesFac. de Trabajo SocialTRUEunpu

Bisphenol-A Induces Podocytopathy With Proteinuria in Mice

Bisphenol-A, a chemical used in the production of the plastic lining of food and beverage containers, can be found in significant levels in human fluids. Recently, bisphenol-A has been associated with low-grade albuminuria in adults as well as in children. Since glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) are commonly affected in proteinuric conditions, herein we explored the effects of bisphenol-A on podocytes in vitro and in vivo. On cultured podocytes we first observed that bisphenol-A?at low or high concentrations?(10?nM and 100?nM, respectively) was able to induce hypertrophy, diminish viability, and promote apoptosis. We also found an increase in the protein expression of TGF-?1 and its receptor, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1, as well as collagen-IV, while observing a diminished expression of the slit diaphragm proteins nephrin and podocin. Furthermore, mice intraperitoneally injected with bisphenol-A (50?mg/Kg for 5 weeks) displayed an increase in urinary albumin excretion and endogenous creatinine clearance. Renal histology showed mesangial expansion. At ultrastructural level, podocytes displayed an enlargement of both cytoplasm and foot processes as well as the presence of condensed chromatin, suggesting apoptosis. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for WT-1 (specific podocyte marker) and the TUNEL technique showed podocytopenia as well as the presence of apoptosis, respectively. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Bisphenol-A exposure promotes a podocytopathy with proteinuria, glomerular hyperfiltration and podocytopenia. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of bisphenol-A in the pathogenesis as well as in the progression of renal diseases.Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIThe Eugenio Rodríguez Pascual Foundatio

Does exercise have a neuroprotective function in multiple sclerosis? A brief overview of the physical training potential effects on cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Although the advance in disease-modifying drugs has helped to stabilize the multiple sclerosis (MS) course increasing life-expectancy, physical deterioration still supervenes over time in most MS patients. In this context, physical exercise programs are considered a safe and well-tolerated tool to preserve functional independence in this population, which not only provides similar fitness improvements as usually observed in healthy general population, but it may also ameliorate some of the symptoms that this pathology entails (as fatigue, balance deficits, muscle weakness, etc.). Nowadays, the question is if exercise only aids to reverse physical deconditioning associated to the disease or it has the potential to have an impact on MS progression. In the present overview, the role of exercise as complementary therapy for modulating various physiopathological pathways related to MS disease such as inflammation and the neurotrophic support for neuronal survival was revised. Specifically, the exercise ability to modulate the immune system behaviour regulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance, as well as, to promote neuroprotective and neurorestorative mechanisms through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulation was analysed.post-print304

Study of the Briquetting Process of Walnut Shells for Pyrolysis and Combustion

Walnut shells can be used as fuels in power plants directly or as biochars obtained by pyrolysis or torrefaction. They are an example of clean waste biomass which shows a low ash content and a high Net Calorific Value, making them excellent for energy recovery in industrial and non-industrial applications, such as in bakeries, restaurants, and homes. Their main inconvenience is their low bulk density. Densification is a possible solution that reduces the costs of transportation, handling, and storage. In this work, after the characterization of the walnut shells, briquettes were obtained using a hydraulic piston press briquette machine under different conditions to find the best quality without the need for previous grinding for pelletizing. This method features easy operation and maintenance, and the briquette shape could be adapted as desired. The quality of the briquettes was measured through their density and durability. After fixing a compaction pressure to obtain acceptable briquettes, the factors affecting their quality were studied: operating temperature, moisture content, and the presence of small amounts of walnuts. Good quality briquettes were obtained with a compaction pressure of 66 MPa, with densities around 1040 kg/m3, and durabilities higher than 94% when the process was carried at 140 °C. The greatest increase in durability was observed between briquettes obtained at room temperature and those obtained at 80 °C. The presence of small amounts of walnuts, common after the shelling process, improved the durability. Although water is necessary, briquettes obtained from biomass with only 1% of moisture showed better durabilities. Therefore, walnut shells are suitable for obtaining good quality briquettes according to the specifications of solid biofuels established in the standards, without the need for any pretreatment.This research was funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain) [grant number AEI/10.13039/501100011033], by the University of Alicante [grant number UAUSTI21-03] and by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competividad [Research Project CTQ2016-76608-R]

Spatiotemporal evolution of U and Th isotopes in a mine effluent highly polluted by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)

The spatiotemporal evolution of both U and Th isotopes in a mine effluent highly polluted by acid mine drainage (AMD) was evaluated. The acidic tributary, which born from the outflows of an abandoned sulfide mine, flows into the Odiel River. AMD comprises an important source of natural radionuclides, presenting concentrations of 238U and 232Th, two and four orders of magnitude higher, respectively, than the background values of surface continental waters. These natural radionuclides behave conservatively along the mine effluent (pH < 2.5) throughout the hydrological year. Under AMD conditions uranium is in the hexavalent state U(VI) and the main dissolved species are uranyl sulfate complexes. The polluted tributary has a significant impact on the Odiel River acidifying its waters during the low flow season and increasing up to one order of magnitude the activity concentrations of U and Th isotopes. U presented a conservative behavior in the Odiel River during the low flow season (pH ≈ 3), however it is removed from the liquid phase in the wet season (pH ≈ 6), probably due its coprecipitation/adsorption onto Al-phases. Th shows a high sensitivity to small increases of pH, and it is strongly coprecipitated/adsorbed with or onto Fe-oxyhydroxydizes in the river.This research was funded by the University of Huelva and the Operative FEDER Program-Andalucía 2014–2020 (UHU-1255876, UHU-202020); The European Regional Development Fund through the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci´on (research grant PID2020–116461RBC21 and 116461RA-C22), and the Andalusian government (I+D+i- JAPAIDI-Retos project PY20_00096). Jos´e Luis Guerrero thank the Spanish Ministry of Universities for the Margarita Salas research grant. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA

Autonomic management of a building's multi-HVAC system start-up

Most studies about the control, automation, optimization and supervision of building HVAC systems concentrate on the steady-state regime, i.e., when the equipment is already working at its setpoints. The originality of the current work consists of proposing the optimization of building multi-HVAC systems from start-up until they reach the setpoint, making the transition to steady state-based strategies smooth. The proposed approach works on the transient regime of multi-HVAC systems optimizing contradictory objectives, such as the desired comfort and energy costs, based on the "Autonomic Cycle of Data Analysis Tasks" concept. In this case, the autonomic cycle is composed of two data analysis tasks: one for determining if the system is going towards the defined operational setpoint, and if that is not the case, another task for reconfiguring the operational mode of the multi-HVAC system to redirect it. The first task uses machine learning techniques to build detection and prediction models, and the second task defines a reconfiguration model using multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. This proposal is proven in a real case study that characterizes a particular multi-HVAC system and its operational setpoints. The performance obtained from the experiments in diverse situations is impressive since there is a high level of conformity for the multi-HVAC system to reach the setpoint and deliver the operation to the steady-state smoothly, avoiding overshooting and other non-desirable transitional effects.European CommissionJunta de Comunidades de Castilla-La ManchaMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovació

Comparison of the renal effects of bisphenol A in mice with and without experimental diabetes. Role of sexual dimorphism.

Bisphenol-A (BPA), a chemical -xenoestrogen- used in the production of the plastic lining of food and beverage containers, is present in the urine of almost the entire population. Recent studies have shown that BPA exposure is associated with podocytopathy, increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and hypertension. Since these changes are characteristic of early diabetic nephropathy (DN), we explored the renal effects of BPA and diabetes including the potential role of sexual dimorphism. Male and female mice were included in the following animals' groups: control mice (C), mice treated with 21.2 mg/kg of BPA in the drinking water (BPA), diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin (D), and D mice treated with BPA (D + BPA). Male mice form the D + BPA group died by the tenth week of the study due probably to hydro-electrolytic disturbances. Although BPA treated mice did not show an increase in serum creatinine, as observed in D and D + BPA groups, they displayed similar alteration to those of the D group, including increased in kidney damage biomarkers NGAL and KIM-1, UAE, hypertension, podocytopenia, apoptosis, collapsed glomeruli, as well as TGF-β, CHOP and PCNA upregulation. UAE, collapsed glomeruli, PCNA staining, TGF-β, NGAL and animal survival, significantly impaired in D + BPA animals. Moreover, UAE, collapsed glomeruli and animal survival also displayed a sexual dimorphism pattern. In conclusion, oral administration of BPA is capable of promoting in the kidney alterations that resemble early DN. Further translational studies are needed to clarify the potential role of BPA in renal diseases, particularly in diabetic patients.pre-print3531 K

System Based on an Inertial Measurement Unit for Accurate Flight Time Determination in Vertical Jumps

The world of elite sports has always been characterized by intense competition, where victories are often determined by minimal differences. This means that every little detail in the preparation of top-level athletes is crucial to their performance at the highest level. One of the most significant aspects to monitor is the jumping capacity, as it enables the measurement of performance, progression, and helps prevent injuries. Herein, we present the development of a system capable of measuring the flight time and height reached by the user, reporting the results through a smartphone using an Android ad-hoc application, which handles all the data processing. The system consists of an affordable and portable circuit based on an accelerometer. It communicates with the smartphone via UART using a Bluetooth module, and its battery provides approximately 9 h of autonomy, making it suitable for outdoor operations. To evaluate the system’s precision, we conducted performance tests (counter-movement jumps) with seven subjects. The results confirmed the system’s potential for monitoring high-level sports training sessions, as the average deviation obtained was only 2.1% (~0.01 s) in the analysis of flight time and 4.6% (~0.01 m) in jump height.Projects Sensorsportlab (ref. 07/UPB/22, Redes de Investigación en Ciencias Del Deporte 2022)Sensorsportlab II (ref. 11/UPB/23, Redes de Investigación en Ciencias Del Deporte 2023)Consejo Superior de Deportes (Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte)Andamove project (ref. EXP_74829) founded by the European Union by the NextGeneration EU program with the “Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia 2022” into the program “Proyectos de Investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología aplicada a la Actividad Física Beneficiosa para la Salud (AFBS) y la Medicina Deportiva” of the Consejo Superior de Deportes (Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte)