Virtual reality rehabilitation’s impact on negative symptoms and psychosocial rehabilitation in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a systematic review

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with symptoms that can severely affect patients’ quality of life. While drug administration inhibits most of the positive symptoms, it fails to effectively treat the negative symptoms and in turn relies on rehabilitation therapies. With technological progress, virtual reality (VR) has been the target of recent studies in terms of mental health rehabilitation and has been shown to be a tool with ecological validity in order to introduce the individual to situations similar to their daily life. Methods: From July to August 2021, we conducted a systematic review with the purpose of understanding the impact of virtual reality rehabilitation on negative symptoms and psychosocial rehabilitation in the schizophrenia spectrum. The searches were performed in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Results: In our search, we identified 201 results, where 108 duplicates were excluded, resulting in a final balance of 93. After reading and assessing the titles and abstracts, 66 studies were excluded. Of the remaining 27 reports, 23 were excluded for not meeting the previously defined eligibility criteria, resulting in the inclusion of four studies in this systematic review. Conclusions: The available data on the specific topic was limited and could have been more complete. However, in our review, we were able to identify statistically relevant results demonstrating the effectiveness of intervention. We could find medium to large effects, allowing VR to be an ally for rehabilitation of symptoms related to schizophrenia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dentin-pulp complex reactions in conventional and radiation-related caries : a comparative study

Radiation-related caries (RRC) is one of the most significant oral toxicities of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT); however, the potential of radiation to directly cause harmful dentin and pulpal effects and impair response to caries progression is controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the reactions of the dentin-pulp complex in teeth affected by RRC. Patients and methods: Twenty-two carious teeth extracted from 22 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients were divided into control (conventional caries; n=11) and irradiated (RRC; n=11) groups and paired matched by dental homology, clinical patterns of caries progression following the Post-Radiation Dental Index (PRDI) and microscopic depth of carious invasion. Histopathological characteristics based on morphological hierarchy, cell populations of dental pulp, blood vessels, neural elements, extracellular matrix components, inflammation, patterns of carious invasion and reactionary dentin presence were evaluated by optical light microscopy and histomorphometry. Mean PRDI scores were 3.2 for the control group and 3.8 for the irradiated group. Dentin demineralization patterns were also similar between the groups and the mean depths of demineralization were 1,158.58µm and 1,056.89µm for the control and irradiated groups, respectively. Pulp histopathological changes and dentin reaction patterns were similar between groups and varied according to the PRDI scores and carious lesions depth. Dentin and pulp reactions are highly preserved in RRC teeth

The impact of head and neck radiotherapy on the dentine-enamel junction : a systematic review

Radiotherapy is widely used in contemporary head and neck cancer treatment protocols. The ability of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT) to cause direct radiogenic destruction to the teeth is one of the most controversial topics in the field of oral oncology. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate ionising radiation as an independent factor for physical and chemical changes on the dentine-enamel junction (DEJ), a pivotal dental topography for the onset and progression of radiation-related caries (RRC) and enamel delamination. Systematic searches were conducted on three databases: Scopus, MEDLINE (Via PubMed) and Embase (Elsevier). Laboratory studies evaluating the effects of simulated or in vivo HNRT on the DEJ were included. The GRADE tool adapted for in vitro studies was used to assess the methodological quality. Of the 154 initially selected studies, eight met the inclusion criteria, from which five studies were graded as high quality of evidence, two studies were graded as moderate quality and one as low quality. Two studies did not demonstrate DEJ alterations following HNRT while the other six articles described several organic and inorganic changes in the DEJ of irradiated teeth samples. These radiogenic events were mostly detected through micro and nanoindentation, Raman micro-spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, Western blotting and optical coherence tomography. HNRT may have a negative impact on the physical and chemical aspects of the DEJ, predisposing cancer patients to RRC and enamel delamination

Associação entre qualidade do sono, bruxismo do sono e sonolência diurna excessiva em adolescentes / Sleep quality and its association with sleep bruxism and daytime sleepiness in adolescents

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do sono e a sua associação com o bruxismo do sono e a sonolência diurna excessiva em adolescentes. Metodologia: A amostra foi constituída por 548 escolares da rede pública de ensino, as quais foram escolhidas de modo aleatório. A coleta de dados foi realizada em forma de entrevista, aplicando-se os seguintes questionários: Sociodemográfico, Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI), Escala de Sonolência Epworth (ESE). The diagnosis of sleep bruxism was based on the international classification of sleep disorders (ICSD) criteria. Resultados: A prevalência de má qualidade do sono, de distúrbios do sono, bruxismo do sono e sonolência diurna excessiva foram, respectivamente, de 57,1%, 9,9%, 7,5% e 31,6%. A qualidade do sono foi associada ao bruxismo do sono, a sonolência diurna excessiva, horas de sono, tosse ou ronco forte, turno que o adolescente estuda e ao sexo. Conclusão: A probabilidade do adolescente apresentar má qualidade do sono é mais elevada para os adolescentes do sexo feminino, com bruxismo do sono, que dormiam menos de 8 horas por noite e tossiam ou roncavam forte de uma ou mais vezes por semana

Professional Satisfaction Of Nurses Working In Operating Room Of A Hospital School

Objective: to characterize in a sociodemographic way the nursing staff of the surgical center; Check the degree of importance assigned to each component of satisfaction: autonomy, interaction, professional status, task requirements, organizational policies, and pay; verify job satisfaction perceived by nurses. Method: exploratory, descriptive, quantitative study, consisting of 9 nurses working in the operating room. The research project was approved by the CEP/HULW, CAAE Nº 24597513.2.0000.5183. Data were collected through questionnaires and then analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS 20. Results: We found that the standby component was considered the most important for job satisfaction and Professional Status least important. Conclusion: nurses have a low level of job satisfaction, impacting the performance of its activities. Descriptors: Job Satisfaction. Perioperative Nursing. Quality of Life

O circo enquanto espaço educativo construtor da cidadania: A experiência do Centro Social São José do Monte

Este trabalho se desenvolveu através de um exercício de pesquisa, realizado em 2011 no movimento Centro Social São José do Monte, organização não governamental que busca a transformação da realidade de muitos jovens que se encontram em situação de risco de exclusão social, localizado na cidade de Caruaru – PE. Estudou-se a atuação da organização em prol da valorização destes sujeitos e da transformação da realidade à qual estão compelidos a participar, conhecendo as práticas adotadas para promoção da cidadania destes jovens. Tendo por objetivo verificar as contribuições que estas oferecem à formação social dos mesmos, assim como apontar as principais percepções das pessoas que trabalham na instituição, a cerca da cidadania que a mesma pode proporcionar aos jovens que dela participam. Este artigo discute a arte-educação através de uma oficina de arte circense e a situação da juventude com relação à desigualdade social e a cidadania, principais categorias que caracterizam o espaço estudado. A fundamentação teórica traz como autores principais: Brandão (2006), Gohn (2005), Lima (2008) e Novaes (2004)

Hábitos de estudo e estilos parentais: estudo correlacional

O presente estudo teve por objetivo correlacionar as dimensões dos estilos parentais (responsividade e exigência) com os hábitos de estudo. Participaram deste estudo 600 estudantes, com idades entre 11 e 20 anos (m= 14,3; dp= 2,32), pertencentes, em sua maioria (57,5%), ao sexo feminino. Esses estudantes eram alunos de escolas públicas e particulares do município de João Pessoa (PB). Os dados foram analisados no programa estatístico PAWS (versão 20), onde se calculou o coeficiente de correlação e a MANOVA. Os resultados mostraram que os hábitos de estudo se correlacionaram com a dimensão responsividadematerna(r = 0,19; p < 0,01) e paterna (r = 0,16; p < 0,01), e que as variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, escolaridade e escola) influenciaram os hábitos de estudo e as dimensões dos estilos parentais. Concluiu-se que os pais que demonstram responsividade alta influenciam de forma positiva a construção de hábitos de estudos, embora haja necessidade de mais estudos

Virtual Reality Rehabilitation’s Impact on Negative Symptoms and Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with symptoms that can severely affect patients’ quality of life. While drug administration inhibits most of the positive symptoms, it fails to effectively treat the negative symptoms and in turn relies on rehabilitation therapies. With technological progress, virtual reality (VR) has been the target of recent studies in terms of mental health rehabilitation and has been shown to be a tool with ecological validity in order to introduce the individual to situations similar to their daily life. Methods: From July to August 2021, we conducted a systematic review with the purpose of understanding the impact of virtual reality rehabilitation on negative symptoms and psychosocial rehabilitation in the schizophrenia spectrum. The searches were performed in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Results: In our search, we identified 201 results, where 108 duplicates were excluded, resulting in a final balance of 93. After reading and assessing the titles and abstracts, 66 studies were excluded. Of the remaining 27 reports, 23 were excluded for not meeting the previously defined eligibility criteria, resulting in the inclusion of four studies in this systematic review. Conclusions: The available data on the specific topic was limited and could have been more complete. However, in our review, we were able to identify statistically relevant results demonstrating the effectiveness of intervention. We could find medium to large effects, allowing VR to be an ally for rehabilitation of symptoms related to schizophrenia