Studies concerning mass and heat transfer on B7 structured packing

The paper presents theoretical and experimental data concerning mass and heat transfer on B7 structured packing, used for deuterium separation in distillation column. The first section of the paper is dedicated to mass transfer study for hydrogen distillation, and the second section to mass and heat transfer for water distillation. Mathematical model verification was carried out with experimental data, obtained from two laboratory distillation plants for deuterium separation. The experimental data concerning B7 ordered packing efficiency for hydrogen cryogenic distillation at about –250 °C level were obtained from the first plant, and the second plant provided data concerning mass and heat transfer on the same packing for deuterium separation by water vacuum distillation at about 60 °C level. Height of transfer unit and mass and heat transfer coefficients, evaluated theoretically and experimentally, are comparable with those from chemical industry separation processes. This fact justifies the use of multi-tubular column model or transfer process description at distillation column equipped with B7 structured packing

Configuration du depaysement dans l'espace litteraire francophone

Pour réaliser une configuration du dépaysement dans l'espace littéraire francophone, on fait une sélection d'un corpus représentatif d'auteurs et d'œuvres selon des critères propres. Ont été " inclus des écrivains qui ont vécu eux-mêmes l'exil (Jean Portante, Bujor Nedelcovici, Dumitru Tsepeneag) mais aussi d'autres qui l'ont vu de l'extérieur (Pierre Mertens, Michel Tournier, J.M.G. Le Clézio). En outre, les œuvres retenues mettent en scène des personnages qui proviennent de milieux socio-politiques et culturels différents, favorisant d'établir des convergences et des divergences nécessaires pour réaliser la configuration proposée. On a considéré que ce corpus est relevant pour étudier en profondeur le phénomène complexe du dépaysement. La question qui se posait était d'apprendre en quoi consiste l'expérience du dépaysement, comment elle est vécue au niveau du personnage. L'analyse des romans reflète un grand nombre de transformations que subissent les héros d'où la thèse que le dépaysement est une suite de ruptures possible d'être surmontées, il est à la fois une perte et un gain. La démarche est successivement la description de la crise initiale, de la rupture intérieure, identitaire, culturelle et finalement, l'identification des phases positives. L'analyse de ces aspects relève le fait que la facette négative du dépaysement soit dominante dans toutes ses dimensions, tandis que celle positive apparaît seulement vers la fin du parcours des héros, ce qui permet la synthèse de ces expériences de perte et de gain dans une configuration particulière à un phénomène ancien mais toujours actuel.To arrive at a configuration of emigration in the literary, francophone space, we chose authors from different areas, focusing on some representative novels of the French J.M.G. Le Clezio and Michel Torunier, a Belgian writer, Pierre Mertens, one from Luxembourg, Jean Portante, and two Romanians, now French residents, B. Nedelcovici and D. Tepeneag, all illustrative for a thorough study of this phenomenon. Writers were included who had an external perspective on it, and also others who had themselves undergone the experience of emigration. Moreover, these works feature characters from different cultural backgrounds, leading to diverging and converging patterns making up the aforementioned configuration. The question we have considered regards the definition of expatriation and the way(s) it is experienced. The analysis highlights the transformations the heroes undergo, a series of fractures on different levels; even if mostly negative, they are eventually overcome, hence my thesis statement that the phenomenon of emigration implies, concomitantly, gains and losses. Our approach examines, sequentially, the crisis leading to exile, the entailing psychological trauma, the identitarian issue, the cultural experiences and the identification of the positive stages that allow for the surpassing of obstacles. These aspects highlight a common feature: the negative aspect is dominant, especially on a psychological and identitarian level. The positive facet is present only in some works, at the end of the heroes' quest, which allows for a synthesis of these experiences of gains and losses into a configuration so peculiar to an old and yet persistent phenomenon.ARRAS-BU Lettres (620412103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Exploitation of the Isotopic Separation Potential of ASD Production Facility

Exploitation of isotopic separation potential of the heavy water distillation pilot plant was developed in two stages. First step consisted in reorientation of the production to obtain deuterium depleted water (ASD), using just the first stage of the distillation pilot plant. In the second stage it was followed the ASD production increasing, using independently the surplus of packing, existing in ASD production facility. The paper shows the steps of the second stage: determination of the necessary quantity of packing for ASD production, theoretical and experimental verification of the solution for independent operation of the distillation columns and achievement of the necessary investments to implement the proposed solution

MEASURES TO RECALIBRATE THE MACROECONOMIC POLICIES IN THE NEW EU MEMBER STATES THAT ARE TO ADOPT THE SINGLE CURRENCY

As of September 2008, the vulnerabilities accumulated during the previous periods overlapped the devastating effects of the crisis in the new member states (NMS) of the European Union, deteriorating the main macro-indicators and increasing the economic instability, which generated a profound process of adjustment. Under the conditions of the economic crisis, the accomplishment of the criteria of nominal convergence, necessary in order to adopt the euro, is a real challenge for all the new member states; this materialized primarily in the increase of the exchange rate volatility and of the fiscal-budgetary deficits. During this period of great incertitude and national, regional and international disturbances which spread throughout the world states touched by the economic globalization process, the NMS need a balanced mix of macroeconomic policies adapted to the new conditions that will allow them to preserve their stability. Thus, the monetary policy should have a supportive role for the domestic economies of the NMS, while the fiscal policy should be a key macroeconomic instrument which to compensate the limited capacity of the monetary policy under the conditions of the economic recession, being an important short-term support for the economy.global economic and financial crisis, nominal convergence, public debt, monetary policy, foreign deficit

TRENDS IN THE NEW EU MEMBER STATES MACROECONOMIC POLICIES TO ADOPT THE EURO. PERFORMANCE OF THE ROMANIAN MACROECONOMIC POLICIES TO ADOPT THE EURO

The global financial crisis created new challenges for the states that have joined the European Union in 2004 and 2007, but that are not yet members of the Euro zone; the maintenance of the convergence indicators below the reference values is a real challenge for the new EU member states. This study aims to evaluate the macroeconomic policies which these countries implemented in their endeavour to adopt the Euro. It starts from the analysis of the stage of meeting the nominal criteria of convergence and it subsequently identifies some characteristics of the macroeconomic policies, stressing on the importance of reformulating and recalibrating these macroeconomic policies so that they can cope with the current challenges.nominal criteria of convergence, adoption of the Euro, economic and financial crisis, new member states, macroeconomic policies