18 research outputs found

    Marcadores sorolĂłgicos de hepatite B em indivĂ­duos submetidos a exames de sangue em unidades de saĂșde

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    OBJECTIVE: To study some of the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis B in a non-representative sample of patients seen in health care clinics. METHODS: The study population comprised 632 patients who were seen at health care clinics in the city of RibeirĂŁo Preto, Brazil, for the purpose of blood testing, regardless the reason. After signing a written consent, an additional amount of blood was drawn from the same venous puncture site used to collect the original sample for the testing assigned to the patient at the health care clinic. A questionnaire was applied to each participant, looking for the presence of risk factors for hepatitis B. The blood samples were tested for HBV markers, using immunoenzimatic techniques. RESULTS: The prevalences of HBsAg and anti-HBcAg were 0.3% and 13.9%, respectively. By a logistic regression model, the following variables were significantly associated with the infection: age, time of residency in the city (higher risk among those living for a period less than one year), past history of hepatitis, incarceration and sexual behavior (higher risk among homosexual and bisexual males). CONCLUSIONS: The growing difficulties in obtaining blood samples from a representative group of patients, as done in classic surveys, make it necessary to look for alternative methodologies which can provide information concerning the presence of infectious agents in a community. Though the results cannot be generalized to the population as a whole, the methodology used conveyed some knowledge regarding the circulation of hepatitis B virus. In addition, it makes much easier to obtain agreement from the participants, since it does not add any invasive procedure. Despite the limitations, this methodology may be helpful in epidemiological surveillance of infectious agents known as producing asymptomatic infections in much of the population.OBJETIVO: Estudar aspectos da epidemiologia da hepatite B em pessoas submetidas Ă  coleta de sangue em unidades de saĂșde. MÉTODOS: IndivĂ­duos dos quais se coletou sangue em unidades de saĂșde de RibeirĂŁo Preto, independentemente do motivo, foram solicitados a fornecer uma quantidade adicional de material, obtida no momento da coleta e submetida Ă  detecção de marcadores de hepatite B. Simultaneamente, por meio de questionĂĄrio padronizado, foram obtidas informaçÔes de possĂ­veis fatores de risco para a doença. Os dados foram analisados por meio de um modelo de regressĂŁo logĂ­stica. RESULTADOS: As prevalĂȘncias de HBsAg e de anti-HBcAg foram de 0,3% e 13,9%, respectivamente. Os fatores de risco associados Ă  infecção foram: idade, residĂȘncia na cidade hĂĄ menos de um ano, antecedente de hepatite, exposição prĂ©via a casas de correção e homo/bissexualismo masculino. CONCLUSÕES: Devido a dificuldades crescentes de obtenção de sangue de indivĂ­duos sadios, essa pode ser uma alternativa para estudos que objetivem fornecer informaçÔes sobre a circulação de agentes infecciosos na população. Embora nĂŁo se possa generalizar os dados obtidos pela metodologia usada, ela traz conhecimento referente Ă  circulação do vĂ­rus de hepatite B

    Melolabial fold interpolated flap for reconstruction of complex nasal defects Retalho interpolado do sulco melolabial para reconstrução de defeitos complexos do nariz

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    Complex surgical nasal defects are often technically difficult. We report the case of a 71-year old male diagnosed with a malignant melanoma (animal type; Breslow 1.5; Clark IV) on the right nasal ala. Radial excision with margins of approximately 1.5cm was performed, creating a complex full-thickness surgical defect involving the free wall and margin of the right nasal ala, the right soft triangle, nasal lobe and columella, which was reconstructed using a melolabial interpolated flap, with highly satisfactory final esthetic result. Interpolated flaps are viable surgical options for the reconstruction of surgical defects for which local flaps and skin grafts are not suitable.<br>A reconstrução de defeitos cirĂșrgicos complexos do nariz Ă©, por norma, tecnicamente difĂ­cil. Apresentamos um doente do sexo masculino, de 71 anos, referenciado apĂłs biopsia excisional de melanoma maligno de tipo animal (Breslow 1,5 mm, Clark IV) da asa direito do nariz. O alargamento excisional com margem de 1,5 cm originou um defeito complexo envolvendo a asa nasal direita, o triĂąngulo mole direito, o lobo nasal e a columela, que foi reconstruĂ­do por retalho interpolado do sulco melolabial, com resultado cosmĂ©tico final bastante satisfatĂłrio. Os retalhos interpolados sĂŁo opçÔes cirĂșrgicas eficazes para reconstrução de defeitos cutĂąneos para os quais a realização de retalhos locais nĂŁo Ă© possĂ­vel e a colocação de enxertos inviabiliza um resultado cosmĂ©tico aceitĂĄvel

    Marcadores sorolĂłgicos de hepatite B em indivĂ­duos submetidos a exames de sangue em unidades de saĂșde Serological markers of hepatitis B in people submitted to blood testing in health care clinics

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    OBJETIVO: Estudar aspectos da epidemiologia da hepatite B em pessoas submetidas Ă  coleta de sangue em unidades de saĂșde. MÉTODOS: IndivĂ­duos dos quais se coletou sangue em unidades de saĂșde de RibeirĂŁo Preto, independentemente do motivo, foram solicitados a fornecer uma quantidade adicional de material, obtida no momento da coleta e submetida Ă  detecção de marcadores de hepatite B. Simultaneamente, por meio de questionĂĄrio padronizado, foram obtidas informaçÔes de possĂ­veis fatores de risco para a doença. Os dados foram analisados por meio de um modelo de regressĂŁo logĂ­stica. RESULTADOS: As prevalĂȘncias de HBsAg e de anti-HBcAg foram de 0,3% e 13,9%, respectivamente. Os fatores de risco associados Ă  infecção foram: idade, residĂȘncia na cidade hĂĄ menos de um ano, antecedente de hepatite, exposição prĂ©via a casas de correção e homo/bissexualismo masculino. CONCLUSÕES: Devido a dificuldades crescentes de obtenção de sangue de indivĂ­duos sadios, essa pode ser uma alternativa para estudos que objetivem fornecer informaçÔes sobre a circulação de agentes infecciosos na população. Embora nĂŁo se possa generalizar os dados obtidos pela metodologia usada, ela traz conhecimento referente Ă  circulação do vĂ­rus de hepatite B.<br>OBJECTIVE: To study some of the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis B in a non-representative sample of patients seen in health care clinics. METHODS: The study population comprised 632 patients who were seen at health care clinics in the city of RibeirĂŁo Preto, Brazil, for the purpose of blood testing, regardless the reason. After signing a written consent, an additional amount of blood was drawn from the same venous puncture site used to collect the original sample for the testing assigned to the patient at the health care clinic. A questionnaire was applied to each participant, looking for the presence of risk factors for hepatitis B. The blood samples were tested for HBV markers, using immunoenzimatic techniques. RESULTS: The prevalences of HBsAg and anti-HBcAg were 0.3% and 13.9%, respectively. By a logistic regression model, the following variables were significantly associated with the infection: age, time of residency in the city (higher risk among those living for a period less than one year), past history of hepatitis, incarceration and sexual behavior (higher risk among homosexual and bisexual males). CONCLUSIONS: The growing difficulties in obtaining blood samples from a representative group of patients, as done in classic surveys, make it necessary to look for alternative methodologies which can provide information concerning the presence of infectious agents in a community. Though the results cannot be generalized to the population as a whole, the methodology used conveyed some knowledge regarding the circulation of hepatitis B virus. In addition, it makes much easier to obtain agreement from the participants, since it does not add any invasive procedure. Despite the limitations, this methodology may be helpful in epidemiological surveillance of infectious agents known as producing asymptomatic infections in much of the population
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