Methodological Foundations of Engineering Education

A problem of methodology choice for engineering education is considered. The Authors focused on matching it with purposes of maximal efficiency and effectiveness of schooling engineers and maximal satisfying needs of society and economics in competent cadres

The Issues of Development of a Creative Professional

The article covers the issues of engineering education. The authors take as a premise that the most important quality of an engineer is his/her creativity, therefore the goal of engineering education is to form and develop students’ creativity. This article evaluates the opportunity of developing the creative constituent of engineers’ skills. The authors draw the conclusion about the lack of disciplines that would favor the development of creativity. They focus on the over-disciplinary function of the Philosophical and Methodological Problems of Science and Engineering discipline; the function allows to regard the history and methodology of science as a foundation for development of creative skills that ensure the innovative activity of future engineers

Physicochemical investigation of NiAl with small molybdenum additions

Specimens of four cast NiAl alloys, three of them containing 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 at. % Mo., were homogenized for 10, 10, and 140 hr at 1373, 1523 and 1273 K, respectively, then kept at 1073, 1173 and 1323 K for 60, 120 and 3 hr, respectively, and quenched in icy water. The precipitation of a metastable Ni3Mo phase was observed at temperatures between 1073 and 1523 K. Molybdenum substituted for nickel was found to inhibit the lattice disordering in NiAl at 1073 and 1523 K

The Concept and Measurement of Violence and Abuse in Health and Justice Fields: Toward a Framework Aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Violence reduction is a United Nations (UN) sustainable development goal (SDG) and is key to both public health and criminology. The collaboration between these fields has the potential to create and improve prevention strategies but has been hampered by the usage of different definitions and measurements. This paper explores the definitions and measurements of violence by the World Health Organization, UN, and Council of Europe to arrive at a harmonized framework aligned with the SDGs. Violence and abuse are defined by these organizations as intentional actions that (are likely to) lead to harm, irrespective of physicality or legality. When recording violence and abuse, health- and justice-based administrative systems use different codes which cannot directly be translated without resorting to broad overarching categories. Additionally, the identification of the number of victims, perpetrators, and events is challenging in these systems due to repeat victimization/offending, multiple victims/perpetrators, and multiple engagements with services associated with a single event. Furthermore, additional information on the victims (e.g., ethnicity) and events needs to be registered to evaluate progress toward the SDGs. We propose a framework to record violence that includes individual and event identifiers, forms of violence and abuse (including physical, sexual, and psychological), harm, and individual and event characteristics

Physiological action of UVB radiation on wheat seeds and sprouts (Triticum aestivum L.)

This work continues the cycle of our research on the physiological effect of UVB radiation on plants. Two research cycles were conducte

Tactics of managing a patient with fatty liver disease coursing in the background of a polyorgan digestive tract: clinical observation

Preparations of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) are effective in the treatment of various forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurring against the background of duodeno-gastroesophageal reflux. However, their effectiveness in the treatment of hologenic diarrhea and reflux gastritis has not been sufficiently studied. Currently, there are no clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hologenic diarrhea and reflux gastritis, including those with obesity and NAFLD. It is assumed that the combined administration of GA and UDCA can be accompanied by a mutual potentiation of the effect of the drugs. The article presents a clinical case of a patient with NAFLD, obesity, dyslipidemia, GERD, refractory to treatment with proton pump inhibitors, associated with duodenogastroesophageal reflux, reflux gastritis and hologenic diarrhea. It was shown that GERD, reflux gastritis, and hologenic diarrhea developed in the long-term period after cholecystectomy. At the same time, the appointment of a complex preparation containing GA (35 mg) and UDCA (250 mg) made it possible to stop the manifestations of a typical reflux syndrome in patients with a form of GERD refractory to proton pump inhibitors, reflux gastritis, and diarrheal syndrome associated with an excess of bile acids, improve lipid profile parameters. It has been shown that the administration of GA (35 mg) and UDCA (250 mg) can improve the parameters of the intestinal microbiome and lipid metabolism, which can be used in the treatment of patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. At the same time, patients with comorbid pathology, including NAFLD, GERD, reflux esophagitis, hologenic diarrhea, and dyslipidemia require long-term maintenance therapy with GA (35 mg) and UDCA (250 mg)

THE MODEL OF RESEARCH REFERENCES OF INDIVIDUALITY AS BASE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT

В статье рассматривается модель исследовательских компетенций, необходимых для научно-исследовательской работы. На основе компетентностно-деятельностного подхода авторы выделяют общие (инструментальные, межличностные и личностные) и профессиональные (общепрофессиональные и специальные) компетенции личности специалиста. Данные компетенции анализируются на довузовском, вузовском и послевузовском уровнях системы образования. Разрабатываемая модель исследовательских компетенций рассматривается как основа для создания системы управления качеством научно-исследовательской деятельности в университетском комплексе.The article views the model of research competences required for research work. On the basis of competence and activity aproach authors make a differentiation between general (instrumental, interpersonal, personal) and professional (general professional and special) competences of a specialist's individuality.The given competences is being analysed throutout the pre-university, undergraduate and graduate levels of educational system. The model of research competences is regarded as a basis for establishing a quality management system in research activity conducted at a university complex

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Creating Digital Twins of the Earth Model

The report discusses the possibilities of using digital twins for monitoring territories on satellite images, describes the model for using the Cesium library in conjunction with neural networks, and provides examples of including 3D models in the developed solution