Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in the real world: Main findings from the French multicentre DAI-PP programme (pilot phase)

This review summarizes the main findings of the French multicentre DAI-PP pilot programme, and discusses the related clinical and research perspectives. This project included retrospectively (2002–2012 period) more than 5000 subjects with structural heart disease who received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death, and were followed for a mean period of 3 years. The pilot phase of the DAI-PP programme has provided valuable information on several practical and clinically relevant aspects of primary prevention ICD implantation in the real-world population, which are summarized in this review. This pilot has led to a prospective evaluation that started in May 2018, assessing ICD therapy in primary and secondary prevention in patients with structural and electrical heart diseases, with remote monitoring follow-up using a dedicated platform. This should further enhance our understanding of sudden cardiac death, to eventually optimize the field of preventative actions

Organ donation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a population-based study of data from the Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center.

BackgroundOrgan shortage is a major public health issue, and patients who die after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) could be a valuable source of organs. Here, our objective was to identify factors associated with organ donation after brain death complicating OHCA, in unselected patients entered into a comprehensive real-life registry covering a well-defined geographic area.MethodsWe prospectively analyzed consecutive adults with OHCA who were successfully resuscitated, but died in intensive care units in the Paris region in 2011-2018. The primary outcome was organ donation after brain death. Independent risk factors were identified using logistic regression analysis. One-year graft survival was assessed using Cox and log-rank tests.ResultsOf the 3061 included patients, 136 (4.4%) became organ donors after brain death, i.e., 28% of the patients with brain death. An interaction between admission pH and post-resuscitation shock was identified. By multivariate analysis, in patients with post-resuscitation shock, factors associated with organ donation were neurological cause of OHCA (odds ratio [OR], 14.5 [7.6-27.4], P < 0.001), higher pH (OR/0.1 increase, 1.3 [1.1-1.6], P < 0.001); older age was negatively associated with donation (OR/10-year increase, 0.7 [0.6-0.8], P < 0.001). In patients without post-resuscitation shock, the factor associated with donation was neurological cause of OHCA (OR, 6.9 [3.0-15.9], P < 0.001); higher pH (OR/0.1 increase, 0.8 [0.7-1.0], P = 0.04) and OHCA at home (OR, 0.4 [0.2-0.7], P = 0.006) were negatively associated with organ donation. One-year graft survival did not differ according to Utstein characteristics of the donor.Conclusions4% of patients who died in ICU after OHCA led to organ donation. Patients with OHCA constitute a valuable source of donated organs, and special attention should be paid to young patients with OHCA of neurological cause

Survival from Sports-Related Sudden Cardiac Arrest: In Sports Facilities versus Outside of Sports Facilities Running Title: Sports-Related Sudden Cardiac Arrest

International audienceBackground – We sought to evaluate frequency, characteristics and outcomes ofsudden cardiac arrest (SCA) during sports activities according to the location ofoccurrence (in sports facilities versus those occurring outside of sports facilities).Methods and Results – Observational 5-year prospective national French survey ofsubjects 10-75 years old presenting with SCA during sports (2005–2010), in 60 Frenchadministrative regions (covering a population of 35 million people). Of the 820 SCAduring sports, 426 SCA (52%) occurred in sports facilities. Overall, a substantially highersurvival rate at hospital discharge was observed among SCA in sports facilities (22.8%,95% CI 18.8–26.8) compared to those occurring outside (8.0%, 95% CI 5.3–10.7)(P<0.0001). Patients with SCA in a sports facility were younger (42.1 vs. 51.3 years,P<0.0001) and less frequently had known cardiovascular diseases (P<0.0001). Theevents were more often witnessed (99.8% vs. 84.9%, P<0.001) and bystandercardiopulmonary resuscitation more frequently initiated (35.4% vs. 25.9%, P=0.003).Delays of intervention were significantly shorter when SCA occured in sports facilities(9.3 vs. 13.2 minutes, P=0.02) and the proportion in initially shockable rhythm washigher (58.8% vs. 33.1%, P<0.0001). Better survival in sport facilities was mainlyexplained by concomitant circumstances of occurrence (adjusted OR 1.48, 95%CI 0.88–2.49, P=0.134).Conclusions – Sports-related SCA is not a homogeneous entity. The three-fold highersurvival rate reported among sports-related SCA is mainly due to cases which occur insport facilities, whereas SCA during sport occurring outside of sports facilities suffersfrom the usual very low rate of survival

Temporal Trends Over a Decade of Defibrillator Therapy for Primary Prevention in Community Practice

International audienceBackground Technology and clinical practice surrounding the use of the primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) are in a state of constant evolution. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis of significant temporal trends in characteristics and outcomes over a decade of ICD therapy. Methods Between 2002 and 2012, 5,539 consecutive patients (age 62.5 ± 11 years, 84.9% male), with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy, implanted with a primary prevention ICD from 12 centers in France were included. Information on characteristics and outcomes (including causes of death) were evaluated over a median follow-up of 994 days (466-1,667). Results In addition to a shift in the type of devices implanted with a significant increase in cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) over time (43.6 to 60.4%, P = 0.0001), an increase in mean age (from 61.5 ± 11.6 to 63.2 ± 10.9 years, P = 0.0016), proportion of nonischemic cardiomyopathy (31.0 to 44.7%, P 30 days after implant) complications significantly increased (4.6 to 7.6%, P = 0.003). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate significant changes in patterns of use and outcomes in primary prevention ICD over the last decade with reductions in mortality and appropriate therapies, counterbalanced by an increase in complications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Implantation des défibrillateurs en prévention primaire dans la vraie vie: les principaux résultats de la phase pilote du programme DAIPP

This review summarizes the main findings of the French multicentre DAI-PP pilot programme, and discusses the related clinical and research perspectives. This project included retrospectively (2002–2012 period) more than 5000 subjects with structural heart disease who received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death, and were followed for a mean period of 3 years. The pilot phase of the DAI-PP programme has provided valuable information on several practical and clinically relevant aspects of primary prevention ICD implantation in the real-world population, which are summarized in this review. This pilot has led to a prospective evaluation that started in May 2018, assessing ICD therapy in primary and secondary prevention in patients with structural and electrical heart diseases, with remote monitoring follow-up using a dedicated platform. This should further enhance our understanding of sudden cardiac death, to eventually optimize the field of preventative actions. © 2019 Elsevier Masson SASCet article résume les principaux résultats de la phase pilote du programme DAI-PP et discute ses perspectives scientifiques. Ce projet a inclus plus de 5000 sujets (pendant la période 2002–2012) ayant une cardiopathie et implantés d’un défibrillateur automatique implantable (DAI) en prévention primaire de la mort subite avec un suivi moyen de 3 ans. Cette évaluation pilote du programme de recherche DAI-PP, mené dans la vraie vie, a permis d'identifier des messages importants concernant la prévention primaire de la mort subite de patients porteurs de cardiomyopathies dilatées ou cardiopathies ischémiques, résumés dans cet article. Cette phase préliminaire a également permis l'initiation d'une évaluation prospective, débutée en mai 2018, avec pour ambition d'évaluer la prévention primaire et secondaire quelque soit le phénotype sous jacent (structurel ou électrique), en utilisant une nouvelle plateforme de télésurveillance. DAI-PP devrait permettre de mieux comprendre différents aspects de la mort subite cardiaque, pour au final en améliorer la prévention

Organ donation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a population-based study of data from the Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center

International audienceAbstract Background Organ shortage is a major public health issue, and patients who die after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) could be a valuable source of organs. Here, our objective was to identify factors associated with organ donation after brain death complicating OHCA, in unselected patients entered into a comprehensive real-life registry covering a well-defined geographic area. Methods We prospectively analyzed consecutive adults with OHCA who were successfully resuscitated, but died in intensive care units in the Paris region in 2011–2018. The primary outcome was organ donation after brain death. Independent risk factors were identified using logistic regression analysis. One-year graft survival was assessed using Cox and log-rank tests. Results Of the 3061 included patients, 136 (4.4%) became organ donors after brain death, i.e., 28% of the patients with brain death. An interaction between admission pH and post-resuscitation shock was identified. By multivariate analysis, in patients with post-resuscitation shock, factors associated with organ donation were neurological cause of OHCA (odds ratio [OR], 14.5 [7.6–27.4], P < 0.001), higher pH (OR/0.1 increase, 1.3 [1.1–1.6], P < 0.001); older age was negatively associated with donation (OR/10-year increase, 0.7 [0.6–0.8], P < 0.001). In patients without post-resuscitation shock, the factor associated with donation was neurological cause of OHCA (OR, 6.9 [3.0–15.9], P < 0.001); higher pH (OR/0.1 increase, 0.8 [0.7–1.0], P = 0.04) and OHCA at home (OR, 0.4 [0.2–0.7], P = 0.006) were negatively associated with organ donation. One-year graft survival did not differ according to Utstein characteristics of the donor. Conclusions 4% of patients who died in ICU after OHCA led to organ donation. Patients with OHCA constitute a valuable source of donated organs, and special attention should be paid to young patients with OHCA of neurological cause

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry study

International audienceAbstract Aims Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) despite conventional resuscitation is common and has poor outcomes. Adding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (extracorporeal-CPR) is increasingly used in an attempt to improve outcomes. Methods and results We analysed a prospective registry of 13 191 OHCAs in the Paris region from May 2011 to January 2018. We compared survival at hospital discharge with and without extracorporeal-CPR and identified factors associated with survival in patients given extracorporeal-CPR. Survival was 8% in 525 patients given extracorporeal-CPR and 9% in 12 666 patients given conventional-CPR (P = 0.91). By adjusted multivariate analysis, extracorporeal-CPR was not associated with hospital survival [odds ratio (OR), 1.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.8–2.1; P = 0.24]. By conditional logistic regression with matching on a propensity score (including age, sex, occurrence at home, bystander CPR, initial rhythm, collapse-to-CPR time, duration of resuscitation, and ROSC), similar results were found (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.5–1.3; P = 0.41). In the extracorporeal-CPR group, factors associated with hospital survival were initial shockable rhythm (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.5–10.3; P = 0.005), transient ROSC before ECMO (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–4.7; P = 0.03), and prehospital ECMO implantation (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5–5.9; P = 0.002). Conclusions In a population-based registry, 4% of OHCAs were treated with extracorporeal-CPR, which was not associated with increased hospital survival. Early ECMO implantation may improve outcomes. The initial rhythm and ROSC may help select patients for extracorporeal-CPR

Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Young Women

International audienc