5,374 research outputs found
La différenciation et ses limites dans le cadre de l'enfant HPI
Dans ce mĂ©moire de Bachelor, je vais mâintĂ©resser aux enfants Ă haut potentiel intellectuel (HPI) ainsi quâĂ la prise en compte de ces Ă©lĂšves. En effet, malgrĂ© une abondance de littĂ©ratures autour des enfants HPI, le sujet est relativement mal connu. Ainsi, il faut savoir que le fait dâĂȘtre HPI nâest pas une exception. Les chiffres varient dâune source Ă lâautre, mais nous pouvons considĂ©rer quâil y a en moyenne un enfant HPI par classe. Que savent les enseignants de cette thĂ©matique puisque la plupart de ceux Ă qui je me suis adressĂ©e mâont rĂ©torquĂ© quâils nâavaient jamais eu dâenfants HPI dans leur classe ? Que peut-on mettre ne place dans sa classe ou en dehors pour recevoir au mieux un enfant HPI et le guider dans ses apprentissages ? Quelle diffĂ©renciation les enseignants mettent en place avec les enfants HPI ainsi quâavec tous les Ă©lĂšves ? Quâelles sont les facteurs limitant la mise en place de cette diffĂ©renciation
Aerosols scattering and near-infrared observations of the Martian surface
The presence of a scattered contribution in the atmosphere of Mars is a major problem for spectroscopic observations of the surface in the infrared since the main mineralogical absorptions have a typical depth of 1% and could be easily masked or subdued by atmospheric scattering. An estimate of the aerosol contribution between 0.77 and 2.6 microns was previously derived above Tharsis from ISM imaging spectroscopic data acquired from the Phobos 2 spacecraft in 1989. It is used here to investigate the effect of the scattering on the criteria that allow the mineralogical characterization of the surface
LâĂ©valuation, entre objectivitĂ© et subjectivitĂ© :: regard dâenseignants
Ce travail de recherche traite de lâĂ©valuation scolaire. Jâai plus particuliĂšrement abordĂ© ce thĂšme Ă travers la notion dâobjectivitĂ©, qui semble reprĂ©senter une difficultĂ© importante des pratiques Ă©valuatives. LâĂ©valuation peut-elle rĂ©ellement ĂȘtre strictement objective ? En outre, est-ce effectivement souhaitable ? Cette notion sera Ă©galement Ă©tudiĂ©e Ă travers la question de lâĂ©quitĂ©. Dans une sociĂ©tĂ© qui devient de plus en plus hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne, peut-on vraiment traiter tous les enfants de la mĂȘme maniĂšre, au profit dâune Ă©galitĂ© de traitement et dâune Ă©valuation qui semblerait ainsi moins subjective ? Pour Ă©valuer, il parait important que tout enseignant puisse se positionner sur ses pratiques et engage une rĂ©flexion sur certaines valeurs afin dâexercer son jugement professionnel de maniĂšre Ă©thique et consciente. Jâai ainsi cherchĂ© Ă dĂ©couvrir les reprĂ©sentations des enseignants du canton de NeuchĂątel sur lâĂ©valuation et diffĂ©rentes notions abordĂ©es dans mon travail. Pour ce faire, cinq enseignants de la rĂ©gion ont participĂ© Ă un entretien et se sont livrĂ©s sur leur vĂ©cu de lâĂ©valuation et leurs pratiques. A travers lâanalyse des entretiens, jâai pu mettre en avant le regard des enseignants sur lâĂ©valuation scolaire, les valeurs quâils mettent en avant ainsi que sur les notions dâobjectivitĂ©, dâĂ©quitĂ© et sur la prise en compte dâĂ©lĂ©ments externes Ă lâĂ©valuation
Régime alimentaire de Rupicola rupicola (Cotingidae) en Guyane française : relations avec la frugivorie et la zoochorie
The diet of the Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock (Rupicola rupicola) was studied in a pristine lowland rainforest, near an inselberg in French Guiana. Droppings were collected under a nest and observations were conducted on a radio-tagged female.
Nestlings were mostly fed fruit, but not exclusively so, as insects, small snakes, and lizards were also delivered to the chicks. The characteristics of the fruits consumed, and of the fruiting plants, were given special attention.
The fruit diet is highly diversified : 65 species belonging to 31 families were recorded as ingested in a little more than one month. Remains of fifty-two species belonging to 26 families were identified under the nest itself. A quantification by feeding units (representing what the bird actually takes on the plant) shows that three quarters of the diet were contributed by only a quarter of the fruit species. Two thirds of the feeding units were contributed by only four plant families. Half the number of fruit species and two thirds of the feeding units were drupes, generally 10 to 20 mm in breadth, with seeds 5-1 5 mm wide. 83 % of the fruits were uniformly coloured. Taken together, black and red fruits were three times more abundant than all the others. The pulp of more than two thirds of the fruits amounted to at least three fifths of the fruit itself. A large proportion of the fruits consumed were those of canopy trees and lianas. More than three quarters of the fruits were from plants with large simultaneous crop production. These fruits were plucked out on the wing by the adult female which patroled a home range of 9.7 ha when feeding her brood, going from one fruiting tree to another.
These results are compared with the scanty littĂ©rature data on the diet of the two Rupicola species. Cocks-of-the-rocks cannot be considered as specialized frugivores, sensu Snow (1981). The assumed coevolution between cocks-of-the-rocks and plants is briefly discussed.Erard Christian, ThĂ©ry Marc, Sabatier Daniel. RĂ©gime alimentaire de Rupicola rupicola(Cotingidae) en Guyane française. Relations avec la frugivorie et la zoochorie. In: Revue d'Ăcologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 44, n°1, 1989. pp. 47-74
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