Teacher Interventions Used To Reduce Test Anxiety: Does Free-Writing Before a Test Help Reduce Anxiety?

The focus of this study is to look at how common testing anxiety is among students and how teachers can work with their students to reduce this anxiety. The study examines and discusses past research to see what causes test anxiety and what methods have been effective in the past in reducing this anxiety. Then, based on past research, a similar study is completed in my high school honors geometry classroom to determine whether the suggestions given by past researchers will decrease reported test anxiety in my students

A State\u27s Duty to Prevent and Respond to Cyberterrorist Acts

Cyberterrorism combines two of the most prominent developments of the last twenty years: the increasing reliance on the internet\u27s infrastructure, and the threat of international terrorism committed by non-state actors. Although multilateral treaties aim to shore up some aspects of cybercrime, and the Security Council has taken steps towards preventing terrorist acts, international law appears to lack a cohesive approach for dealing with situations where cyberspace and terrorism overlap. This Comment proposes one such approach for tackling the emergent problem of cyberterrorism. International law has yet to articulate a satisfactory prohibition on, or definition of, terrorism. Instead, international agreements ban pecific acts as inherently terrorist, although none of these bans clearly encompass cyberacts. While these agreements can be dispositive, the Security Council revealed its willingness after September 11 to identify, on an ad hoc basis, terrorist acts. The Security Council then wrote Resolution 1373 in a way that created an international duoy that commands all states to prevent and respond to terrorist acts. This Resolution should be interpreted to recognize a similar duty on all states to prevent and respond to cyberterrorist acts, whenever the are identified as such. Recognizing this duty will probably lead to negligible changes in states\u27 preventative acts, but it should establish a fundamental and reasonable responsibility on states to cooperate in response to the inevitable cyberterrorist act

Relationships among potassium, magnesium, insulin and glucose in the bovine

The effects of glucagon and potassium (K) infusion on plasma magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), immunereactive insulin (IRI), and glu-cose in the bovine were measured to investigate their possible involve-ment in hypomagnesemic tetany. Intravenous infusion of 1 mg glucagon, dissolved in saline, into Holstein bull calves rapidly increased plasma IRI and glucose concentrations, whereas infusion of saline only showed no effect. Glucagon infusion decreased plasma K but did not change plasma Mg or Ca. Urinary Mg and Ca losses increased mod-erately during infusion of glucagon, but not saline. Plasma levels of both K and IRI were elevated (P \u3c .01) in calves by 1.14, 2, and 3% potassium chloride (KCl) intravenous infusion, and cows by intraruminal infusion of 550 g of KCl. Plasma K was lower (P \u3c .01) and IRI higher (P \u3c .01) in Mg-deficient calves than in normal calves during 2% KCl infusion. Elevated plasma K and IRI were accompanied by lower plasma glucose in normal calves (P \u3c .05) and cows (P \u3c .001). The vigorous release of IRI stimulated by K and enhanced by low plasma Mg could at least partially account for low plasma glucose sometimes accompanying clinical signs of grass tetany and may be involved in the etiology of the disease

A Proposal to Detect Dark Matter Using Axionic Topological Antiferromagnets

Antiferromagnetically doped topological insulators (A-TI) are among the candidates to host dynamical axion fields and axion-polaritons; weakly interacting quasiparticles that are analogous to the dark axion, a long sought after candidate dark matter particle. Here we demonstrate that using the axion quasiparticle antiferromagnetic resonance in A-TI's in conjunction with low-noise methods of detecting THz photons presents a viable route to detect axion dark matter with mass 0.7 to 3.5 meV, a range currently inaccessible to other dark matter detection experiments and proposals. The benefits of this method at high frequency are the tunability of the resonance with applied magnetic field, and the use of A-TI samples with volumes much larger than 1 mm$^3$.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. v2 accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. Many points clarified, some parameter estimates revise

Relationships between regional coastal land cover distributions and elevation reveal data uncertainty in a sea-level rise impacts model

© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Lentz, E. E., Plant, N. G., & Thieler, E. R. Relationships between regional coastal land cover distributions and elevation reveal data uncertainty in a sea-level rise impacts model. Earth Surface Dynamics, 7(2), (2019):429-438, doi:10.5194/esurf-7-429-2019.Understanding land loss or resilience in response to sea-level rise (SLR) requires spatially extensive and continuous datasets to capture landscape variability. We investigate the sensitivity and skill of a model that predicts dynamic response likelihood to SLR across the northeastern US by exploring several data inputs and outcomes. Using elevation and land cover datasets, we determine where data error is likely, quantify its effect on predictions, and evaluate its influence on prediction confidence. Results show data error is concentrated in low-lying areas with little impact on prediction skill, as the inherent correlation between the datasets can be exploited to reduce data uncertainty using Bayesian inference. This suggests the approach may be extended to regions with limited data availability and/or poor quality. Furthermore, we verify that model sensitivity in these first-order landscape change assessments is well-matched to larger coastal process uncertainties, for which process-based models are important complements to further reduce uncertainty.This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program. We thank P. Soupy Dalyander for early reviews and discussion of this paper. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government