FPGA-based design and implementation of spread-spectrum schemes for conducted-noise reduction in DC-DC converters

2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology - (ICIT) : Churchill, Victoria, Australia, 2009.02.10-2009.02.1

A novel implementation of an FPGA-based controller for conducted-noise reduction in randomly switched Dc-Dc converters

This paper proposes a novel implementation of an FPGA-Based controller for conducted-noise reduction in dc-dc converters. The switching noise produced by the converter has been reduced by randomly varying the switching frequency of the converter. Traditionally, the implementation of the switching-mode power supply (SMPS) has been accomplished using analog control circuits. However, the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is much flexible than analog control circuits, becoming lower cost, and applicable for power supply applications. The implementation of the SMPS has been accomplished using FPGA-based digital controller. Moreover, breadboard has been built-up for testing the effect of using the proposed FPGA-based digital controller for noise reduction in dc-dc converters. Experimental results show that the conducted-noise spectrum has been significantly improved and the noise level has been effectively reduced.24th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2009; Washington, DC; 15 February 2009 through 19 February 200

Double-hybrid spread-spectrum technique for conducted-EMI reduction in DC-DC switching regulators with FPGA-based controller

The purpose of this paper is to present a novel technique for conducted-noise reduction in de-de switching regulators. In order to effectively spread the conducted-noise frequency spectrum and, at the same time, attain a satisfactory voltage regulation, two parameters (carrier frequency and pulse position) have been randomized, and the third parameter (duty ratio) has been controlled by a digital compensator. Furthermore, the effect of using the proposed controller on common-mode, differential-mode, and total conducted-noise characteristics of the converter has been experimentally investigated. The converter\u27s performance with using the proposed technique has been experimentally investigated. It is assumed that the implementation technology is a field programmable gate array (FPGA) which is becoming increasingly adopted in industrial electronic applications.INTELEC 2009 - 2009 International Telecommunications Energy Conference : Incheon, South Korea, 2009.10.18-2009.10.2

Double-hybrid spread-spectrum technique for conducted-EMI reduction in DC-DC switching regulators with FPGA-based controller

The purpose of this paper is to present a novel technique for conducted-noise reduction in de-de switching regulators. In order to effectively spread the conducted-noise frequency spectrum and, at the same time, attain a satisfactory voltage regulation, two parameters (carrier frequency and pulse position) have been randomized, and the third parameter (duty ratio) has been controlled by a digital compensator. Furthermore, the effect of using the proposed controller on common-mode, differential-mode, and total conducted-noise characteristics of the converter has been experimentally investigated. The converter's performance with using the proposed technique has been experimentally investigated. It is assumed that the implementation technology is a field programmable gate array (FPGA) which is becoming increasingly adopted in industrial electronic applications.INTELEC 2009 - 2009 International Telecommunications Energy Conference : Incheon, South Korea, 2009.10.18-2009.10.2

A Comparative Investigation of Several Frequency Modulation Profiles for Programmed Switching Controllers Targeted Conducted-Noise Reduction in DC-DC Converters

This paper investigates the effect of several frequency modulation profiles on conducted-noise reduction in dc-dc converters with programmed switching controller. The converter is operated in variable frequency modulation regime. Twelve switching frequency modulation profiles have been studied. Some of the modulation data are prepared using MATLAB software, and others are generated online. Moreover, all the frequency profiles have been designed and implemented using FPGA and experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that the conducted-noise spreading depends on both the modulation sequence profile and the statistical characteristics of the sequence. A substantial part of the manufacturing cost of power converters for telecommunication applications involves designing filters to comply with the EMI limits. Considering this investigation significantly reduces the filter size

On factors affecting EMI-performance of conducted-noise-mitigating digital controllers in DC-DC converters—an experimental investigation

This paper investigates several factors affecting EMI-performance of digital controllers targeted at conducted-noise reduction in dc-dc converters. Four factors have been studied: frequency modulation profile, randomization ratio percentage, clock frequency, and spread-spectrum scheme. The field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have made substantial improvements in price and performance throughout the past few years. All investigations have been accomplished by using FPGA-based implementations. A breadboard circuit has been built-up for the experimental investigations. Furthermore, a comparative study has been carried-out to comprehensively understand the effect of such factors on conducted noise mitigation. A substantial part of the manufacturing cost of power converters involves designing filters to comply with the EMI limits. Considering these investigations when designing the dc-dc power converters significantly reduces the filter size.2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) : Atlanta, GA, USA, 2010.09.12-2010.09.1

Performance Investigation of Power Inverter Components Submersed in Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen for Electric Aircraft

Investigating the performance of power electronics devices and thus power inverters at cryogenic temperatures for electric aircraft systems are of great interest. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to examine the inverter circuit technologies used in cryogenically-cooled electric aircraft applications from three perspectives: inverter topologies, power capabilities, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) that may occur. At a cryogenic temperature, the characteristics of five power semiconductor switches with different technologies (Si MOS, SiC MOS, and GaN HEMT) used in cryogenically-cooled electric aircraft inverters were tested and the results were presented. Furthermore, the low-temperature performance of three types of capacitors commonly used in power electronics inverters was investigated. The research findings provide crucial considerations for the research and development of power inverters cooled by sub-cooled liquid nitrogen for modern electric aircraft

Modeling and Optimization of Impedance Balancing Technique for Common Mode Noise Attenuation in DC-DC Boost Converters

As an effective means of suppressing electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise, the impedance balancing technique has been adopted in the literature. By suppressing the noise source, this technique can theoretically reduce the noise to zero. Nevertheless, its effect is limited in practice and also suffers from noise spikes. Therefore, this paper introduces an accurate frequency modeling method to investigate the attenuation degree of noise source and redesign the impedance selection accordingly in order to improve the noise reduction capability. Based on a conventional boost converter, the common mode (CM) noise model was built by identifying the noise source and propagation paths at first. Then the noise source model was extracted through capturing the switching voltage waveform in time domain and then calculating its Fourier series in frequency domain. After that, the conventional boost converter was modified with the known impedance balancing techniques. This balanced circuit was analyzed with the introduced modeling method, and the equivalent noise source was precisely estimated by combining the noise spectra and impedance information. Furthermore, two optimized schemes with redesigned impedances were proposed to deal with the resonance problem. A hardware circuit was designed and built to experimentally validate the proposed concepts. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed schemes