Community Participation in Decision Making Process in Mogadishu Municipality

Community Participation in Decision Making Process in Mogadishu Municipality Ahmed- Nor Mohamed Abdi, Lecturer, Faculty of Economics & Mgt Science, Mogadishu Univetrsity Abdirisak Warsame Dirie Lecturer, Faculty of Economics & Mgt Science, Mogadishu Univetrsity

A testbed design for intrusion detection and mitigation in SDN architecture by using DPI

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Son on yılda, ağları tasarlamak ve geliştirmek için kullanılan teknolojiler konusunda köklü değişiklikler yaşanmamıştır. Bu süre zarfında, ağa bağlı cihazlarının sayısı üstel olarak artarak bilgisayar ağlarının toplamı ve boyutunun artmasına yol açtı. Bu ise, veri merkezlerinde ve şirketlerde mevcut ağ yapılarının yönetimini daha da zorlaştırdı. Yazılım Tanımlı Ağ fikri, daha önce aynı cihazda sıkıştırılmış olan veri düzlemi ile denetim düzlemini birbirinden ayırmayı getirir ve böylece tüm ağ yapısının SDN denetleyici adı verilen merkezi bir yerden programlanmasına imkan verir. Bu yapı içerisindeki very düzlemi, kendisine gelen verileri SDN denetleyici tarafından belirlendiği şekilde bir sonraki düğüme ileten aptal cihazlardan oluşur. OpenFlow, SDN denetleyici ile very düzelmi cihazları arasındaki bağlantıyı sağlamak üzere yaygın olarak kullanılan haberleşme protokolüdür. Oluşturulan test düzeneği web uygulaması, anormal durum tespiti alt sistemi, floodlight denetleyiciye sahip SDN yapısı ve sFlow protokolü gibi çok sayıda bileşene sahiptir. Geliştirilen system, akan trafık üzerindeki tehditleri bulabilmek için paketlerin yük kısımlarını incelemektedir. Geliştirilen test düzeneğinin başarımını sorgulamak için DoS saldırısı göz önüne alınımıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar SDN sistemlerin güvenliğiyle ilgili deneylerin oluşturulan bu test düzeneği ile kolayca gerçekleştirilebileceğini göstermektedir.For the last decade's technologies which is used to design and build networks have remained unchanged. In the meantime, the number of connected networking devices has raised exponentially which lead to that also the total and the size of computer networks has increased. Accordingly, the existing networks in data centers and companies have become much more difficult and harder to administrate. Software Defined Networking (SDN) idea brings the fact to separate the control plane from data plane which was previously tighten together in the same device, and thus allows the network to be programmed from a logically centralized place called SDN controller. The data plane in this structure consists of dump devices which are only capable of forwarding the data as instructed by the SDN controller. OpenFlow is the well-known protocol used to take the communication between the SDN controller and the forwarding devices. In this study, a new testbed has been implemented for anomaly detection in SDN. The testbed formed has several components such as a web based application, an anomaly detection sub-system, an SDN structure with floodlight controller and sFlow protocol. The system developed examines the payload of the packets in order to find any threats in ongoing traffic. In order to investigate the performance of the testbed developed, DoS attack has been considered. The results show that experiments related to security aspects of the SDN systems can be realized by the testbed, easily

Temporality-induced chaos in the Kuramoto Model

Switched dynamical systems have been extensively studied in engineering literature in the context of system control. In these systems, the dynamical laws change between different subsystems depending on the environment, a process that is known to produce emergent behaviors---notably chaos. These dynamics are analogous to those of temporal networks, in which the network topology changes over time, thereby altering the dynamics on the network. It stands to reason that temporal networks may therefore produce emergent chaos and other exotic behaviors unanticipated in static networks, yet concrete examples remain elusive. Here, we present a minimal example of a networked system in which temporality produces chaotic dynamics not possible in any static subnetwork alone. Specifically, we consider a variant of the famous Kuramoto model, in which the network topology alternates between different configurations in response to the phase dynamics. We show under certain conditions this can produce a strange attractor, and we verify the presence of chaos by analyzing its geometrical properties. Our results provide new insights on the consequences of temporality for network dynamics, and acts as a proof of concept for a novel mechanism behind generating chaotic dynamics in networks

The financial performance of islamic and conventional banks before and after the adoption of financial blueprint policy in Malaysia

The purpose of this research is to analyse the performance of Islamic and Conventional banks before and after the adoption of Malaysian financial blueprint policy in 2011 in terms of profitability. The study was analysed using secondary data from 2006 to 2018. Data for bank specific variables are mainly taken from the Bloomberg, DataStream and banks websites while macroeconomic indicators were mainly collected from Bank Negara Malaysia website. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model was applied in order to identify the financial difference of Islamic and conventional banks in Malaysia. In addition, the paper also intends to identify the determinant factors that explain the variation in the banking performance models and whether there is also difference in terms of profitability between conventional and Islamic banks before and after the adoption of financial blueprint policy in Malaysia. The research question also addressed whether there is structural change in the performance’s parameters before and after the adoption of the financial blueprint policy reforms using Chow test. The results indicate that the performance of Malaysian banks was affected by asset quality, financial risk, operational efficiency, liquidity, gross domestic product, bank sector development and inflation rate across all study period. The results also compared the performance of Islamic and conventional banks before and after the adoption of the reform and it reveals that conventional banks to be more profitable than Islamic banks but the difference isn’t that big at the same time foreign banks in Malaysia seem to be performing better than local banks. . Moreover, using year 2011 as break point, the structural stability tests of banks’ performance parameters show that there is no structural change between the two periods namely before the adoption of the financial blueprint reforms and after

Languages Market in the Horn of Africa:a case study of Djibouti

2ASTON UNIVERSITYLanguages Market in the Horn of Africa:A case study of DjiboutiSAID DJAMA DIRIEDoctor of Philosophy2020THESIS SUMMARYThe linguistic settings of Djibouti, where French was the only official language until 1992, has beenaltered through the independence; the displaced people and transformations brought by wars in the Hornof Africa over the last few decades. In response to these linguistic transformations, this sociolinguisticstudy focuses on the changing contemporary relationships of languages. French is today challenged byArabic, the language of the state religion, English which dominates the international scientific fields andthe national labour market, and Afar and Somali, national languages which are increasingly used inevery situation. The increasing economic interdependence between Djibouti and Ethiopia has alsoallowed the emergence of regional languages such as Amharic and Oromo.This study reveals and analyses the areas of domination and conflict between those seven widely spokenlanguages in Djibouti. Focused on the field of sociolinguistics and particularly on the macro-subfield(or sociology of language), it explores the notions of bilingualism, multilingualism, diglossia and theirrelated phenomena. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods through questionnaires andinterviews establishes the frequency of languages usage in the linguistic landscape, the positions of each language in relation to the others.The research determines whether attitudes towards French in Djibouti have changed and investigates if colonial habits have disappeared as new generations experience things differently due to economic and technological changes.In addition, the study examines whether French and English are perceived equally as foreign languages and whether the switch from one to another could happen. It demonstrates that the high demand for English in the global market has huge implications for French, the former colonial and today official and educational language.This study provides an opportunity to find out what is happening to French in Djibouti. It could also inform the process of regulating languages in Djibouti by providing the first basis for a language policy and a language planning, as well as for status and corpus planning

Herniation of the Anterior Wall of the Stomach into a Congenital Postdiaphragmatic Space: An Unusual Complication following Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication

Postoperative herniation of the stomach into potential spaces is a rare but serious complication of Nissen fundoplication. We report a 55-year-old female who presented with persistent vomiting shortly following laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. At laparotomy, the anterior wall of the stomach was noted to be herniating into a congenital space behind the diaphragm. Anterior gastropexy was performed following the reduction of the herniating gastric segment. A high index of suspicion followed by aggressive and timely intervention is necessary to diagnose and manage postoperative gastric herniation and reduce the subsequent morbidity and mortality

Laboratory and Field Studies on Herpetosoma Trypanosomes From Portugal

Several small mammals were trapped in the Arrabida region (Portugal) and checked for the presence of trypanosomes which were found in 33 of the 197 (11.1 %) Mus spretus and in 9 of the 29 (31 %) Crocidura russula observed. To our knowledge, this was the first time that trypanosomes were isolated from these mammals species. In the liver of one dead C. russula was observed different parasite forms. The studies of infectivity to experimental rodents, analyses of the DNA buoyant density and the isoenzymatic profiles, show that trypanosomes isolates from M. spretus were identical to Trypanosoma musculi isolates from Mus musculus. However the isolates from C. russula, although related to the isolates from murine rodents, were clearly separated from these and close to Trypanosoma microti. These findings may allow further studies on the detection of their vectors and on the study of trypanosome reproduction.publishersversionpublishe

Att bygga demokrati i Kosovo: En studie av Institutionalization Before Liberalization

För ett land i efterkrigsskedet är det viktigt att snabbt återuppbygga demokratifrämjande institutioner, stödja element i det civila samhället som värnar för tolerans och att skapa en tradition av ett demokratiskt samhälle. Roland Paris presenterar i sin teori Institutionalization Before Liberalization (IBL) ett ramverk för hur detta bör gå till. Utifrån vårt intresse för Kosovos historia och den senaste utvecklingen med självständigheten från Serbien i spetsen, har vi har valt att studera hur Roland Paris teori kan appliceras på Kosovo. De fallgropar som Paris anser orsakar återfall till auktoritära styren och inbördeskrig går att hitta i Kosovo. Vad gäller i vilken grad de rekommendationer som Paris har utvecklat i Institutionalization Before Liberalization har följts, är våra resultat tvetydiga, men fredsmissionen i Kosovo visar tecken på att vara i början på sitt arbete att förändra sättet man försökt bygga upp ett fungerande Kosovo

Polymorphisms of androgens-related genes and idiopathic male infertility in Turkish men

Androgens, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are endocrine regulators of spermatogenesis and act via androgen receptor (AR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association(s) of AR (CAG repeat length), SRD5A2 (rs523349, V89L) and TNF-α (rs1800629, -308G/A) polymorphisms with idiopathic male infertility in Turkish men. This case-control study consisted of 312 men with idiopathic infertility and 113 fertile men. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were used for genotyping. The mean AR CAG repeat length was significantly longer in infertile men than in fertile men (p = 0.015). However, there was no significant association between the SRD5A2 genotypes (VV, VL and LL) and the risk of infertility (p = 0.516). The genotype frequency and allele distribution of TNF-α -308G/A polymorphism (GG, GA, AA genotypes and G, A alleles) were not associated with male infertility (p = 0.779 and p = 0.743 respectively). AR CAG repeat expansion might be one of the risk factors for idiopathic male infertility in Turkish men. Further studies investigating the association of male infertility with AR CAG, V89L and -308G/A polymorphisms are warranted to understand the possible associations among them