Aspectos soroepidemiológicos do vírus da hepatite B em doadores do HEMOSC.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 199

On the relationship between Atlantic Niño variability and ocean dynamics

The Atlantic Niño is the dominant mode of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. Current coupled global climate models struggle to reproduce its variability. This is thought to be partly related to an equatorial SST bias that inhibits summer cold tongue growth. Here, we address the question whether the equatorial SST bias affects the ability of a coupled global climate model to produce realistic dynamical SST variability. We assess this by decomposing SST variability into dynamical and stochastic components. To compare our model results with observations, we employ empirical linear models of dynamical SST that, based on the Bjerknes feedback, use the two predictors sea surface height and zonal surface wind. We find that observed dynamical SST variance shows a pronounced seasonal cycle. It peaks during the active phase of the Atlantic Niño and is then roughly 4–7 times larger than stochastic SST variance. This indicates that the Atlantic Niño is a dynamical phenomenon that is related to the Bjerknes feedback. In the coupled model, the SST bias suppresses the summer peak in dynamical SST variance. Bias reduction, however, improves the representation of the seasonal cold tongue and enhances dynamical SST variability by supplying a background state that allows key feedbacks of the tropical ocean–atmosphere system to operate in the model. Due to the small zonal extent of the equatorial Atlantic, the observed Bjerknes feedback acts quasi-instantaneously during the dynamically active periods of boreal summer and early boreal winter. Then, all elements of the observed Bjerknes feedback operate simultaneously. The model cannot reproduce this, although it hints at a better performance when using bias reduction

On the Dynamics and Predictability of the Atlantic Niño

This thesis seeks to broaden our understanding of the Atlantic Niño. The Atlantic Niño is the dominant mode of coupled interannual climate variability in the equatorial Atlantic. Its sea surface temperature (SST) signature is similar to the Pacific Niño, peaking in boreal summer, with a secondary Niño-like phenomenon occurring in boreal winter. Both the summer and winter Niños affect seasonal climate variability locally and in remote regions. To what extent is the Atlantic Niño driven by dynamical processes? Using multiple linear regression, SST variability in the equatorial Atlantic is decomposed into a dynamical part, and a stochastic part. When the Atlantic Niño is active, dynamical SST variability dominates stochastic SST variability, indicating that ocean dynamics are involved in establishing it. The Atlantic Niño is relatively symmetric. Does this symmetry correspond the symmetry of the Atlantic Bjerknes feedback? Decomposing the Bjerknes feedback into three feedback elements, robust regression is used to diagnose the strength of the feedback elements when they act on positive or negative anomalies (composites). In the Pacific, clear asymmetries emerge. In the Atlantic, differences between positive and negative composites are less consistent. Assessing the stationarity of the Bjerknes feedback shows that both the feedback elements and their symmetries vary on decadal time scales. A strong, coupled warm bias in the equatorial Atlantic inhibits realistic simulations of the Atlantic Niño in coupled global climate models of the current generation. A review synthesises our current understanding of the processes that create and maintain the equatorial Atlantic warm bias. Does the warm bias affect the ability of a model to predict the Atlantic Niño? Analysing two hindcasting experiments – one using a biased model, the other employing surface heat flux correction –, shows that bias alleviation enhances the predictability of SST variability in boreal summer

On the Dynamics and Predictability of the Atlantic Nino

This thesis seeks to broaden our understanding of the Atlantic Niño. The Atlantic Niño is the dominant mode of coupled interannual climate variability in the equatorial Atlantic. Its sea surface temperature (SST) signature is similar to the Pacific Niño, peaking in boreal summer, with a secondary Niño-like phenomenon occurring in boreal winter. Both the summer and winter Niños affect seasonal climate variability locally and in remote regions. To what extent is the Atlantic Niño driven by dynamical processes? Using multiple linear regression, SST variability in the equatorial Atlantic is decomposed into a dynamical part, and a stochastic part. When the Atlantic Niño is active, dynamical SST variability dominates stochastic SST variability, indicating that ocean dynamics are involved in establishing it. The Atlantic Niño is relatively symmetric. Does this symmetry correspond the symmetry of the Atlantic Bjerknes feedback? Decomposing the Bjerknes feedback into three feedback elements, robust regression is used to diagnose the strength of the feedback elements when they act on positive or negative anomalies (composites). In the Pacific, clear asymmetries emerge. In the Atlantic, differences between positive and negative composites are less consistent. Assessing the stationarity of the Bjerknes feedback shows that both the feedback elements and their symmetries vary on decadal time scales. A strong, coupled warm bias in the equatorial Atlantic inhibits realistic simulations of the Atlantic Niño in coupled global climate models of the current generation. A review synthesises our current understanding of the processes that create and maintain the equatorial Atlantic warm bias. Does the warm bias affect the ability of a model to predict the Atlantic Niño? Analysing two hindcasting experiments – one using a biased model, the other employing surface heat flux correction –, shows that bias alleviation enhances the predictability of SST variability in boreal summer

Arquivometria: procedimentos e operações técnicas da gestão documental

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, Florianópolis, 2015.A gestão documental é fundamental na organização dos acervos arquivísticos, sendo que as etapas desse processo refletem nas três idades que compreendem o ciclo de vida dos documentos administrativos: arquivo corrente, intermediário e permanente ou histórico. A aplicação de estudos métricos nos procedimentos e operações técnicas desenvolvidas em arquivos, referentes à gestão documental e suas ações, possibilita mensurá-las e gerenciá-las de forma a otimizar o desempenho de unidades de informação para futuras decisões. O presente estudo tem por objetivo a geração e aplicação de métricas nas operações referentes à gestão documental, resultando em indicadores com vistas à melhoria do fluxo informacional e no processo decisório institucional. A fundamentação teórica aborda conceitos de gestão documental e aspectos referentes às métricas de informação. Discorre sobre a importância da aplicação da arquivometria na prática dos arquivos para uma melhor gestão, em âmbito processual e administrativo. Caracteriza-se, quanto à natureza, como quantitativa e do tipo descritiva-exploratória. A coleta de dados ocorreu em um arquivo central universitário que possibilitou o acesso à documentação oficial contendo dados estatísticos anuais, visando conferir qualidade e validade na análise de dados. Para a coleta de dados foram desenvolvidas tabelas com a finalidade de atender essa fase da pesquisa e seus objetivos. Assim, para a presente pesquisa, foram definidos indicadores de informação e de gestão a partir das etapas do processo de gestão documental. A seleção dos instrumentos de coleta está diretamente relacionada ao problema pesquisado e também aos objetivos propostos.Abstract : Document management is fundamental in organizing archives, considering that the stages of this process reflect upon the three stages of life in administrative documents: running archives, intermediate archives, and permanent archives or history. The application of metrics in archive technical procedures and operations related to document management and its pertaining actions, enables optimized performance in measuring and managing information units for future decision-making processes. This study aims at creating and applying metrics in operations related to document management, resulting in indicators seeking improvements in information flow, as well as in institutional decision-making processes. The theoretical background approaches the concepts of document management and aspects related to information metrics. The importance of archive metrics in archive practice is pondered upon for improved management in both processual and administrative spheres. The study is of exploratory, descriptive, quantitative nature. Data collection has occurred in a university central archive, thus granting access to official documents with yearly statistics, for greater quality assurance and data analysis validity. To collect data were developed tables in order to answer this research phase and its objectives.Thus, indicators of information management were defined for this study from the stages of the document management process. Data collection instruments selected are directly related to the research problem, as well as with the proposed objectives

Interannual variability of wind power input to near-inertial currents in the North Atlantic

Near-inertial oscillations are an important feature of the climate system. The output of a high-resolution ocean model of the North Atlantic was used to investigate interannual variability of wind power input (WPI) to near-inertial currents with respect to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The model is forced with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis wind stress for JFM of the years 1989 (strong positive NAO-phase) and 2010 (negative NAO). Atmospheric parameters are tightly related to the NAO. The storm track in 1989 is intensified and channels storms into the subpolar North Atlantic, while it is more fanned out in 2010, allowing single storms to travel into the Mediterranean Sea. Similar patterns emerge from the distribution of near-inertial wind stress magnitude (NIWSM), i.e. the part of the wind stress spectrum that is most efficient in generating near-inertial energy (NIE). Seasonally averaged NIWSM, however, is not anchored to the storm track but is shifted to the south. This behaviour is due to the latitude-dependent inertial frequency, which decouples synoptic variability from the near-inertial frequency band. WPI for the two considered years is consistent with the different distributions of storms: While 1989 produced a total rate of WPI of 6.48 x 109 W (= GW) and a secondary centre of weakly increased WPI in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic corresponding to the intensified storm track in this region, total WPI in 2010 amounted to 9.64 GW and was associated with a strongly enhanced secondary centre of WPI in the subtropics. Although anomalies both in the storm track and mean NIWSM are more pronounced in the subpolar ocean basin, WPI prefers the subtropics. It is proposed that a mixture of atmospheric and oceanic processes is responsible for this asymmetry, chief among them the variation of the Coriolis frequency with latitude. Patterns of WPI, mixed layer NIE, and NIE in the deep ocean are similar to each other. NIE decreases drastically with depth. Mean NIWSM is a promising atmospheric proxy to WPI. Linear statistical models of WPI built from this quantity allow the estimation of total WPI for each winter (JFM) from 1980 to 2013 in low, mid-, and high-latitudes. Total WPI as well as mid-latitude WPI is only weakly correlated with the NAO. Low- and high-latitude WPI on the other hand is strongly correlated with the NAO, with the magnitude of correlation coefficients exceeding values of 0.8, suggesting that the relationship of WPI to the NAO lies in shifting the patterns of WPI. During negative NAO phases, WPI is pulled towards the subtropics (and thus intensified), whereas it shifts towards the polar ocean during positive NAO phases, both in accordance with changes in the configuration of the storm track tail. Since the response of WPI to comparable mean NIWSM is weakening with latitude, total WPI is more strongly influenced by lowlatitude WPI. It is concluded that the relationship between WPI in the North Atlantic and the NAO is of a twofold nature: While total WPI is only weakly and inversely related to the NAO, the distribution of WPI is strongly depending on it

August Šenoas historische Romane

In der Entwicklung der kroatischen Literatur des 19. Jahrhunderts nimmt August Šenoa eine Schlüsselposition ein. Die Bedeutung Šenoas beruht in erster Linie auf seiner Prosa - Erzählungen und historischen Romanen. Absicht der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, die Geschichtskonzeption Šenoas die in seiner Geschichtsdarstellung zum Ausdruck kommt, am Beispiel seiner drei wichtigsten Romane, sichtbar zu machen