358 research outputs found
Spin Susceptibility of Interacting Two-dimensional Electrons with Anisotropic Effective Mass
We report measurements of the spin susceptibility in dilute (rs up to 10)
AlAs two-dimensional (2D) electrons occupying a single conduction-band valley
with an anisotropic in-plane Fermi contour, characterized by longitudinal and
transverse effective masses, ml and mt. As the density is decreased, the spin
susceptibility is significantly enhanced over its band value, reflecting the
role of interaction. Yet the enhancement is suppressed compared to the results
of quantum Monte Carlo based calculations that take the finite thickness of the
electron layer into account but assume an isotropic effective mass equal to
sqrt(ml.mt). Proper treatment of an interacting 2D system with an anisotropic
effective mass therefore remains a theoretical challenge.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Collective excitations of trapped one-dimensional dipolar quantum gases
We calculate the excitation modes of a 1D dipolar quantum gas confined in a
harmonic trap with frequency and predict how the frequency of the
breathing n=2 mode characterizes the interaction strength evolving from the
Tonks-Girardeau value to the quasi-ordered, super-strongly
interacting value . Our predictions are obtained
within a hydrodynamic Luttinger-Liquid theory after applying the Local Density
Approximation to the equation of state for the homogeneous dipolar gas, which
are in turn determined from Reptation Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. They are
shown to be in quite accurate agreement with the results of a sum-rule
approach. These effects can be observed in current experiments, revealing the
Luttinger-liquid nature of 1D dipolar Bose gases.Comment: 5 pages, 2 EPS figures, RevTeX
Evidence of Luttinger liquid behavior in one-dimensional dipolar quantum gases
The ground state and structure of a one-dimensional Bose gas with dipolar
repulsions is investigated at zero temperature by a combined Reptation Quantum
Monte Carlo (RQMC) and bosonization approach. A non trivial Luttinger-liquid
behavior emerges in a wide range of intermediate densities, evolving into a
Tonks-Girardeau gas at low density and into a classical quasi-ordered state at
high density. The density dependence of the Luttinger exponent is extracted
from the numerical data, providing analytical predictions for observable
quantities, such as the structure factor and the momentum distribution. We
discuss the accessibility of such predictions in current experiments with
ultracold atomic and molecular gases.Comment: 4 pages, 3 EPS figures, Revtex
The low-energy excitation spectrum of one-dimensional dipolar quantum gases
We determine the excitation spectrum of a bosonic dipolar quantum gas in a
one-dimensional geometry, from the dynamical density-density correlation
functions simulated by means of Reptation Quantum Monte Carlo techniques. The
excitation energy is always vanishing at the first vector of the reciprocal
lattice in the whole crossover from the liquid-like at low density to the
quasi-ordered state at high density, demonstrating the absence of a roton
minimum. Gaps at higher reciprocal lattice vectors are seen to progressively
close with increasing density, while the quantum state evolves into a
quasi-periodic structure. The simulational data together with the
uncertainty-principle inequality also provide a rigorous proof of the absence
of long-range order in such a super-strongly correlated system. Our conclusions
confirm that the dipolar gas is in a Luttinger-liquid state, significantly
affected by the dynamical correlations. The connection with ongoing experiments
is also discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 EPS figures, RevTeX
Graphene: A Pseudochiral Fermi Liquid
Doped graphene sheets are pseudochiral two-dimensional Fermi liquids with
abnormal electron-electron interaction physics. We address graphene's Fermi
liquid properties quantitatively using a microscopic random-phase-approximation
theory and comment on the importance of using exchange-correlation potentials
based on the properties of a chiral two-dimensional electron gas in
density-functional-theory applications to graphene nanostructures.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, submitte
Seasonal variations of carcass characteristics, meat quality and nutrition value in iberian wild red deer
Aim of study: The effects of hunting season (autumn vs. winter) on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Iberian wild red deer were assessed. Area of study: A total of 100 males of wild red deer of Iberian genetic line (Cervus elaphus) were hunted on Ciudad Real (south central Spain). Material and methods: Yields for shoulder (with bone), neck, backbone, loin, tenderloin, leg (with bone), short plate and flank were determined. In addition, samples of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum and Rectus abdominis muscles were collected. Then, pH48, colour measurements, chemical composition, cooking loss, Warner Bratzler shear blade, fatty acid and amino acid profiles and mineral content were analyzed. Main results: Deer hunted in autumn (n=50) had higher (p<0.01) yields of shoulder, backbone and short plate and higher contents of intramuscular fat (IMF), cholesterol and K, Fe and Mn but lower (p<0.001) pH48 and Na, Mg, Zn and Cu contents than deer hunted in winter (n=50). Shear force tended (p=0.05) to be lower for meat collected in autumn than for meat collected in winter. However, loin yield was 59.2% higher (p<0.001) for winter than for autumn carcasses. Deer hunted in winter had higher α-linoleic acid (p<0.05) and long chain n-3 polyunsaturated (p<0.001) percentages than deer hunted in autumn Research highlights: Autumn hunting is recommended to obtain carcasses with higher yields of shoulder, backbone and short plate and meat with higher IMF. Conversely, winter hunting is advisable for higher loin yield and for a profile richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids
Fifteen-year results of a randomized phase III trial of fenretinide to prevent second breast cancer
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A Fibre- vs. cereal grain-based diet: Which is better for horse welfare? Effects on intestinal permeability, muscle characteristics and oxidative status in horses reared for meat production
Horses reared for meat production are fed high amounts of cereal grains in comparison with horses raised for other purposes. Such feeding practice may lead to risk of poor welfare consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two feeding practices on selected metabolic parameters and production aspects. Nineteen Bardigiano horses, 14.3 ± 0.7 months of age, were randomly assigned to two groups—one fed with high amounts of cereal grains (HCG; n = 9; 43% hay plus 57% cereal grain-based pelleted feed) vs. one fed with high amounts of fibre (HFG; n = 10; 70% hay plus 30% pelleted fibrous feed)—for 129 days. At slaught on abattoir, biological and tissue samples were collected to evaluate the microbiological contamination of mesenteric lymph nodes and liver; selected meat quality traits (chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle); and the oxidative status of the horse. A linear mixed model was used: dietary treatment and sex were fixed effects and their interaction analysed on production and metabolic parameters as dependent variables. Results showed an increased intestinal permeability in the horses fed HCG compared to HFG, according to the significant increased total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts in mesenteric lymph nodes (p = 0.04) and liver samples (p = 0.05). Horses in HCG showed increased muscle pH (p = 0.02), lighter muscle colour (L) (p = 0.01), increased intramuscular fat concentrations (p = 0.03), increased muscle glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively). Moreover, horses in HCG had lower muscle water holding capacity at interaction with sex (p = 0.03, lower in female), lower muscle protein content (p = 0.01), lower concentration of muscle PUFAs (p = 0.05) and lower plasma catalase activities (p = 0.05). Our results showed that feeding a high cereal grains diet can have global effects on horse physiology, and thus represents a threat for their welfare
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