“This is a man’s world”: gender issues of leadership in literature

The potential of language in depicting objective reality is unquestionable today. Some authors refer to language as “the currency of knowing”. Much information about the world and people is recorded in works of literature, and it is of value even if it is shown from the author’s perspective. Works of literature have always been a source of knowledge for readers, characters becoming role models for some peopleDanilova, E. S. “This is a man’s world”: gender issues of leadership in literature / E. S. Danilova // Research Result. Ser. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. - 2019. - Vol.5, N4.-P. 106-114. - Doi: 10.18413/2313-8912-2019-5-4-0-9

Histological Studies of Snails at Different Periods of Their Life Activity

Large species of terrestrial mollusks are used for human consumption and are bred for this purpose. They have become a part of national cuisine in many countries. Histology is used in many fields of humane and veterinary medicine. Its main essence is that this method can diagnose the presence of formations and inclusions. It is used to determine this process's structure and stage of development. Samples of different tissues can be used as material for histological examination. The specialist analyzes and describes the histological preparations obtained after processing the material. Thus, we proposed a histological method of studying snails. This method can provide the data of snails’ state as a whole. Snails of the species Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller, and Helix pomatia were the material for the study. Ten snails of each species were selected for the experiment at different periods: immediately after hibernation, five days after wakening, 14 days after wakening, and at the time of their active life – in July. First, we conducted histological studies of snails during their active life, i.e., in the summer months. Therefore, for this purpose, snails for the experiment were taken in July. It was determined that if the snail eats and has an everyday life, its digestive gland generally consists of digestive tubules separated by intertubular connective tissue containing hemolymphatic sinuses and hemocytes. Thus, in our research, we studied the structure of the digestive gland. A circular muscle layer surrounds each tubule. There are three different cell types in the epithelium lining the tubules of the digestive glands, which differentiate into digestive cells, calcium cells, and excretory cells. Digestive cells are the most numerous cellular component of the tubular epithelium of the digestive gland. Basally located nuclei of digestive cells have a round or oval shape. During the rest period, the digestive gland of snails is characterized by a complete loss of digestive function and the transformation of digestive cells into excretory ones. Metabolic products are not excreted into the environment. When they accumulate, they fill all cavities in the body of snails, namely the lumens of glandular tubules, excretory ducts, stomach, and intestines. Food intake in snails increases the level of metabolism. It stimulates the differentiation of digestive cells, the functional activity of excretory cells, and the volume of excretory products. It leads to the complete liberation of the digestive tract from accumulated excretion products during the rest period. The structure of the digestive gland is completely restored

The "OLD-SCHOOL PROFESSIONALISM" concept as described in "The Vogue Factor" by K. Clemen

The article is focused on the components of professionalism as a system of knowledge and values which is inherent to a specific professional community. The linguistic material was obtained from a literary work, namely: "The Vogue Factor" novel by K. Clements published in Englis

Regional social infrastructure management in the system of tools used for improving the quality of life for regional population

This paper analyzes the processes in the social sphere and the performance of operating the social infrastructure to improve the population’s quality of life in the Russian regions. Particular attention has been paid to the role of organizational and administrative components, which include the regulation of social infrastructure institutions, planning, and programming that affect the performance of infrastructure facilities utilization. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of social infrastructure management through the congruence of immediate results (dynamics of indicators for social services) and final results (parameters of the population’s quality of life). The working hypothesis of the study was a breach of infrasystemic principle in the infrastructural support for improving the population’s quality of life in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation because of the insufficient effectiveness of public administration. The work on this paper involved using a set of methodological approaches, such as structured, factorial, systemic, and evolutionary approaches, to substantiate the conceptual framework, prepare the method-based approaches, and determine the impact made by the changes in the parameters of social infrastructure facilities on provided services and shifts in the indicators of the population’s quality of life. The paper proposes a method-based approach to quantifying the effectiveness of organizational and administrative components by using the diagnostics of sufficiency in the implementation of infrasystemic principle for the operation of social infrastructure based on elasticity coefficients. The proposed approach and analytical data obtained in the areas, such as health care, education, trade, housing & utilities, culture & sport, allowed ranking the regions of the Ural Federal District and identifying the areas of insufficient effectiveness in the organizational and administrative mechanism used for improving the population’s quality of life as the basis for developing practical recommendations for the executive branch of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and adjustment of socioeconomic policies

Features of snail expertise

Snails are a delicacy that people have been eating for centuries. Products made from this meat contain few calories per 100 grams and fill the human body with useful elements. They can be prepared by cooking, namely escargot with various fillings (Burgundy snails, Catalan snails, Asian snails, snails with porcini mushrooms), and also, now a new type of product containing m gastropod mollusks – puffs with snails. If determining the quality and nutritional value of meat, it is necessary to determine indicators, if there is doubt about its suitability, which characterize the chemical composition, freshness, as well as the determination of microbiological contamination. The purpose of this work was to determine the features and practical aspects of examination of gastropod molluscs – snails. The studies highlighted in the scientific publications of Ukrainian scientists are significant, but they relate to the determination of the degree of freshness of snail meat by various methods and the organization of snail farming in various ways. Snails are a delicacy, dietary product of high commercial value and belong to the few types of food products. They are subject to mandatory veterinary and sanitary examination. A special feature of examination of snails is microbiological and bacteriological types of control to establish their general safety. In the course of research, first of all, the organoleptic indicators of molluscs, which reflect their freshness, are determined. Next, they conduct research on the presence of pathogenic microflora, determine the presence of radionuclides, conduct bacteriological research. In addition to the mollusk itself, the water with which they are irrigated, as well as the soil – the permanent habitat of snails – are also examined for the presence of helminth eggs. It was established that it is necessary to carry out laboratory control of each batch of snail meat for the content of microorganisms, such as MAFAnM, BGKP (coliforms), coagulase-positive staphylococcus (S. aureus), bacteria of the genus Proteus, pathogenic microorganisms, including salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, radionuclides – Cs-137 and Sr-90 and helminths (nematodes)

Ветеринарно-санітарні вимоги до господарств із вирощування равликів

Heliceculture (breeding of snails) has been practiced in Europe for a long time, and here, in Ukraine, the first snail farms appeared literally 10 years ago. Ukrainians quickly realized that among all areas of animal husbandry, heliceculture is the most profitable. At the same time, you can start a business almost from scratch, and the risks are minimized. This is how the snail boom spread throughout the territory, and now molluscs are grown in almost all cities of Ukraine. It should be remembered veterinary and sanitary requirements on snail farms must be given important attention, because if they are violated, it can lead to the death of molluscs and cause great losses. Taking into account the importance of growing snails in farms and the lack of regulatory and technical documentation in our country, the purpose of this work was to clarify the main veterinary and sanitary requirements for such farms. In this work, the general veterinary and sanitary rules for snail breeding farms, requirements for water and feed, preparation for transportation, vehicles, types of containers, packaging materials and requirements for keeping snails in the field in the summer are carefully considered. Owners of snail farming farms are obliged to implement economic and veterinary-sanitary measures that ensure the prevention of the death of molluscs, maintain premises and facilities for storing feed and processing snail-farming products in proper condition, prevent environmental pollution with waste, comply with zoohygienic and veterinary-sanitary requirements for placement, construction, commissioning of objects related to keeping snails. Compliance with these requirements in the farm plays a big role in the cultivation and maintenance of snails. This will make it possible to grow snails, avoiding any diseases that are inherent to them and death, which will make it possible to obtain snail farming products of high quality and safety. Therefore, in order to prevent invasive diseases, snail poisoning, etc., managers and specialists of these farms (farms) are obliged to ensure the implementation of a set of general veterinary and sanitary measures, as well as the implementation of veterinary and sanitary requirements for the construction, equipment, operation of snail farms and their compliance sanitary regime.Геліцекультурою (розведенням равликів) в Європі займаються вже давно, а у нас, в Україні, перші равликові ферми з’явилися років 10 тому. Українці швидко зрозуміли, що серед усіх сфер тваринництва геліцекультура – найприбутковіша. При цьому почати бізнес можна практично з нуля, а ризики зведені до мінімуму. Так равликовий бум поширився по всій території, і тепер молюсків вирощують майже в усіх містах України. Але не всі фермери приділяють належну увагу ветеринарно-санітарним вимогам на фермах. Варто пам’ятати, що їх порушення може призвести до загибелі молюсків та завдати великих збитків. Враховуючи значущість вирощування равликів у господарствах та за відсутності нормативно-технічної документації в нашій країні, мета даної роботи полягала в уточненні основних ветеринарно-санітарних вимог до таких ферм. В даній роботі ретельно розглянуті деякі загальні ветеринарно-санітарні правила стосовно ферм із розведення равликів, вимоги до води, кормів, до підготовки для транспортування, транспортних засобів, видів тари, пакувальних матеріалів та вимоги утримання равликів на полі в літній період року. Власники ферм із вирощування равликів зобов’язані здійснювати господарські та ветеринарно-санітарні заходи, що забезпечують запобігання загибелі молюсків, утримувати в належному стані приміщення та споруди для зберігання кормів і переробки продукції равликівництва, не допускати забруднення навколишнього середовища відходами, дотримуватися зоогігієнічних та ветеринарно-санітарних вимог при розміщенні, будівництві, введенні в експлуатацію об’єктів, пов’язаних із утриманням равликів. Дотримання даних вимог у господарстві відіграє велику роль у вирощуванні та утриманні равликів. Це дасть змогу виростити равликів, уникаючи будь-яких захворювань, які їм притаманні та загибелі, що дасть можливість отримати продукцію равликівництва високої якості та безпеки. Отже, з метою профілактики хвороб, отруєння равликів тощо керівники та фахівці даних господарств (ферм) зобов’язані забезпечити проведення комплексу загальних ветеринарно-санітарних заходів, а також виконання ветеринарно-санітарних вимог щодо будівництва, обладнання, експлуатації равликових господарств та дотримання в них санітарного режиму

Spectroscopic studies of fractal aggregates of silver nanospheres undergoing local restructuring

We present an experimental spectroscopic study of large random colloidal aggregates of silver nanoparticles undergoing local restructuring. We argue that such well-known phenomena as strong fluctuation of local electromagnetic fields, appearance of "hot spots" and enhancement of nonlinear optical responses depend on the local structure on the scales of several nanosphere diameters, rather that the large-scale fractal geometry of the sample.Comment: 3.5 pages, submitted to J. Chem. Phy

Вміст жирних кислот у м’ясі равликів за дії термічної обробки

Increasing food production and improving their quality is one of the main problems facing the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in modern conditions. The solution of this problem is impossible only by increasing the production of livestock products, although this is the main source of their receipt. It is necessary to use additional, non-traditional types of raw materials containing full proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and other biologically active substances necessary for the human body. One of these sources may be meat of food types of snails. It maintains a complex of replaceable and essential amino acids, vitamins, inorganic elements, carbohydrates and fats. The purpose of our work was to determine the content of fatty acids in cooked meat of the food species Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller. This article presents the results of the content of fatty acids in meat of food snails using the method of gas chromatography. The presence and quantity of fatty acids is determined in three types of snails. In general, the meat of snails contains both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The composition of saturated fatty acids includes – kapron, palmithin, stearin, myristic, arachin, capryl, laurin, begen, kaprin, heptadecanova. From unsaturated fatty acids, snail meat contains omega-3, omega-6, oleinic, palmitoleic, linoleic, arachidonic, linolenic, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic, cis-11,14-eicosadenic, cis-13,16-doceta-adenoic, docosapentaenoic. As a result of our research on the content of fatty acids in cooked meat of snails, we found that the mass fraction of 11 unsaturated fatty acids – oleinic, palmitoleic, linoleic, omega-3, omega-6, arachidonic, linolenic, cis-5,8,11, 14,17-eicosapentaenoic, cis-11,14-eicosadenic, cis-13,16-doceta-adenoic, docosapentaenoic to a mass fraction of 10 saturated fatty acids is significantly different in each type of snail. Thus, the mass fraction of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids is in the meat of Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima, Helix aspersa muller 1:5.73; 1:5.05 and 1:4.81 respectively. Most of all, unsaturated fatty acids are found in boiled meat of Helix pomatia snails and amount to 126.77% to the sum of fatty acids, and saturated – in the boiled meat of Helix aspersa muller snails – 24.86% to the sum of fatty acids. Useful and well-known all fatty acids ω-3 and ω-6 enriched boiled meat of Helix aspersa maxima snails – 49.06% to the sum of fatty acids, while Helix pomatia and Helix aspersa muller are 48.81 and 44.35% to the amount of fatty acids, respectively. It should be noted that the total content of fatty acids in the meat of snails varies in the following limits: Helix pomatia snails 148.89, Helix aspersa maxima 149.11, and Helix aspersa muller 144.4. Thus it can be argued that in the boiled meat of the three types of snails we studied, which is Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller can be used as a valuable source of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.Збільшення виробництва продуктів харчування і підвищення їх якості є однією з основних проблем, що стоять у сучасних умовах перед агропромисловим комплексом України. Вирішити поставленої проблеми неможливо тільки збільшенням виробництва продуктів тваринництва, хоч це і основне джерело їх отримання, необхідно використовувати додаткові, нетрадиційні види сировини, що містять повноцінні білки, жири, вітаміни, мінеральні та інші біологічно активні речовини, необхідні для організму людини. Одним із таких джерел може бути м’ясо харчових видів равликів. Воно утримує комплекс замінних та незамінних амінокислот, вітамінів, неорганічні елементів, вуглеводів та жирів. Метою нашої роботи було визначити вміст жирних кислот у вареному м’ясі харчових видів равликів Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima та Helix aspersa muller. У даній статті представлені результати вмісту жирних кислот у м’ясі харчових равликів за дії термічної обробки з використанням методу газової хромотографії. У трьох видів равликів визначено наявність та кількість жирних кислот. В цілому у м’ясі равликів містяться як насичені та і ненасичені жирні кислоти. До складу насичених жирних кислот входять – капронова, пальмітинова, стеаринова, міристинова, арахінова, каприлова, лауринова, бегенова, капринова, гептадеканова. Із ненасичених жирних кислот м’ясо равликів утримує в собі омега-3, омега-6, олеїнова, пальмітолеїнова, лінолева, арахідонова, ліноленова, ціс-5,8,11,14,17-ейкозапентаєнова, ціс-11,14-ейкозадієнова, ціс-13,16-доказадієнова, докозапентаєнова