Qualidade de vida, saúde bucal e a autopercepção de saúde bucal em uma amostra de idosos.

O aumento da expectativa de vida é um fenômeno vivenciado nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do Brasil, o que acarreta uma população com elevado número de idosos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer e descrever, por meio de questionários (WHOQOL-BREF e GOHAI) e exame clínico (CPOD), a qualidade de vida (QV) e a saúde bucal dos idosos residentes no município da Serra, Estado do Espírito Santo, bem como analisar a auto-percepção da sua saúde bucal. É um estudo tipo caso controle, pareado 1:3, quanto ao sexo e idade e a amostra constituiu-se 69 idosos, funcionalmente independentes, sendo 17 institucionalizados e 52 não institucionalizados. Dentre os resultados encontrados, observou-se que 80% são do sexo feminino e a faixa etária preponderante é entre 60 a 69 anos (49%). A QV foi avaliada como boa por 53,6%, sendo que as diferenças estatisticamente significativas se encontram nos domínios físico, psicológico e relações sociais (WHOQOL-BREF). O índice CPOD variou entre 17 e 28 e a taxa de edentulismo foi de 71% nos idosos institucionalizados e 40% nos não institucionalizados. Verificou-se maior percentual de uso de prótese dentária no arco superior. Em relação à auto-percepção da saúde bucal, observa-se que os idosos estudados avaliam a sua saúde bucal como excelente ou razoável embora a média GOHAI seja 27,13, qualificando como negativa a saúde bucal. O estudo concluiu que a QV foi considerada melhor por idosos não institucionalizados, o edentulismo foi maior no grupo de idosos institucionalizados e a auto-percepção da saúde bucal foi negativa. Sugere-se a implementação de políticas publicas de saúde, específicas para esta amostra de idosos brasileiros. Palavras chave: idosos, qualidade de vida, saúde buca

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bissau, Western Africa

Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In Guinea–Bissau there are no previous population-based hypertension surveys. Therefore, the authors aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of high blood pressure among adults living in Bissau. A sample (n = 973) of dwellers in Bissau, aged 18–69 years, was assembled through stratified and cluster sampling. Patients underwent face-to-face interviews and blood pressure measurements following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. The prevalence of hypertension was 26.9%, and 51.4% of hypertensive individuals were aware of their condition, of whom 51.8% reported having received pharmacological treatment in the previous 2 weeks. Among the latter, 49.9% had blood pressure values below 140/90 mm Hg. These findings show that hypertension has become a major public health problem in Guinea-Bissau, emphasizing the urgent need to develop and implement national strategies for the prevention and management of hypertension. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension published by Wiley Periodicals LLCWe acknowledge the collaboration of Hugo Cabral, Merino Almeida, Jessica Iala, Marcilia Barros, Zaira Badjana, Claudinisio Mendes, Laisene Jamanca, Jo?o Batista, Joel Correia, Ver?nica da Silva, Isabe T?, Yanick Paulo Duarte, Romeu Mendon?a and Augusto Bique in data collection

Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Urban Bissau, Western Africa

Overweight and obesity affect a large proportion of the population and are important causes of death in both developed and low- and middle-income countries. In Guinea-Bissau, there are no previous population-based studies assessing this phenomenon. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among adults in Bissau. A stratified and cluster sample of 935 adults was assembled in 2021 and was evaluated using standardized questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Underweight, obesity, and overweight were defined by body mass index based on the World Health Organization definitions. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 48.7% among women and 25.0% among men. The proportion of women with abdominal obesity was 14 times higher than it was in men (35.3% vs. 2.5%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age and income. Underweight was more prevalent in the age group of 18 to 24 years (18.4% in women and 28.9% in men) and was less frequent among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to the trends that are observed in many other urbanized populations in Africa and is already a major public health issue in urban Guinea-Bissau.This research received no external funding

Invited review: Compost-bedded pack barns for dairy cows

Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) are receiving increasing attention as a housing system for dairy cows that has potential to improve animal welfare. This article reviews current scientific knowledge about CBP with the aim of providing a comprehensive tool for producers and researchers using this housing system. In CBP, cows are provided with an open bedded pack area rather than the individual stalls and concrete alleys found in freestall systems. The bedded pack, a mixture of organic bedding and cattle excreta, is cultivated frequently (1–3 times per day) to incorporate fresh manure and air into the pack, thus promoting an aerobic composting process. To function well, CBP generally require a large area per cow. Optimal animal densities over the bedded area range from 7.4 to more than 15 m2/cow depending on several factors, including climate, bedding, pack management, and cow characteristics. Studies have indicated that CBP, compared with conventional systems such as freestall barns, have the potential to improve the welfare of dairy cows. In particular, the main reported benefits include improved comfort during resting, better foot and leg health, and more natural animal behavior. Research has also indicated that adequate udder health can be achieved in CBP. However, because the bedded pack has been shown to contain high bacterial concentrations, proper management is essential to maintain adequate cow cleanliness and reduce the risk of mastitis. Controlling pack moisture is consistently indicated as the most important issue with CBP. Especially under cold and humid weather conditions, large amounts of bedding may be necessary to keep the pack adequately dry and comfortable for the cows. Nevertheless, the improvements in cow health may offset the higher costs of bedding.</p

Hysteroscopy and pain: what risk factors should we consider in office hysteroscopy? are there really any?

Background: Office hysteroscopy is the gold standard in abnormal uterine bleeding and an indispensable tool in modern gynecology. It is becoming increasingly popular leading to examinations and even operations without anesthesia as it is accurate, cheap and well tolerated. However, pain is still a limitation. The objective of the study was to determine if pain perception is linked to clinical predictors and how well they correlate with pain score.Methods: Prospective observational trial enrolled one hundred and four women; four cases were excluded. One hundred cases were included and analyzed. Selection criteria: patients scheduled for Office Hysteroscopy who accepted to participate and had no contraindication for procedure.Results: A ten centimeter visual analogue scale was used for pain evaluation. Presumed variables such as menopause, pelvic pain, previous cesarean section and cervical surgery, and body mass index were analyzed by ordered regression using standard statistical software tools.Conclusions: Correlation between predictive factors and pain reporting showed no significance (p>0.05) except for body mass index which was found to significantly correlate to discomfort (p<0.05)

Preferência de oviposição por Ceratitis capitata wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) em diferentes variedades de uva de mesa.

A escolha do hospedeiro para oviposição é de extrema importância no ciclo de vida das moscas-das-frutas, visto que o desenvolvimento dos estágios imaturos, assim como a sobrevivência e a fecundidade dos adultos dependem da fruta hospedeira selecionada.Resumo 1320-1