Dual versus triple therapy in patients hospitalized for COPD in France: a claims data study

International audiencePurposes: Following a hospitalization for COPD, dual and triple therapies were compared in terms of persistence and relations with outcomes (exacerbations, health care resource use and costs). Methods: This was a historical observational database study. All patients aged ≥45 hospitalized for COPD between 2007 and 2015 were identified in a 1/97 th random sample of French claims data. Patients receiving dual therapy within 60 days after hospitalization were compared to patients receiving triple therapy, after propensity score matching on disease severity. Results: Of the 3,089 patients hospitalized for COPD, 1,538 (49.8%) received either dual or triple therapy in the 2 months following inclusion, and 1,500 (48.6%) had at least 30 days of follow-up available; 846 (27.4%) received dual therapy, and 654 (21.2%) received triple therapy. After matching, the number of exacerbations was 2.4 per year in the dual vs 2.3 in the triple group (p=0.45). Among newly treated patients (n=206), persistence at 12 months was similar in the dual and triple groups (48% vs 41%, respectively, p=0.37). As compared to patients on dual therapy, more patients on triple therapy received oral corticosteroids (49.1 vs 40.4%, p=0.003) or were hospitalized for any reason (67% vs 55.8%, p=0.0001) or for COPD (35.3 vs 25.1%, p=0.0002) during follow-up. Cost of care was higher for patients on triple than for those on dual therapy (€11,877.1 vs €9,825.1, p=0.01). Conclusion: Following hospitalizations for COPD, patients on dual and triple therapy experienced recurrent exacerbations, limited adherence to therapies and high cost of care. Patients on triple therapy appeared more severe than those on dual therapy, as reflected by exacerbations and health care resource use

Mortalité et hospitalisations liées à la respiration dans la fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique non traitée avec des antifibrotiques

International audienceBackground: Real-world data regarding outcomes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are scarce, outside of registries. The claims data from the French National Health System (SNDS) were used to describe outcomes in patients diagnosed with IPF in 2015–2016 but who did not receive antifibrotic therapies. Method: Patients aged <50 years were excluded, as were patients with pulmonary fibrosis other than IPF, patients who had previously received a lung transplant, and those who had received antifibrotic therapies at any time between 2010 and 2016. Patients were followed-up until their last health record, lung transplantation, initiation of antifibrotic therapies, death, or the end of the study period (31 December 2017), whichever occurred first. Results: A total of 5,360 patients (43.2%) not treated with antifibrotic therapies were included. The mean age was 75.5 years, and 57.9% were males. In the year before inclusion, 47.3% of patients had a Charlson score ≥5. During follow-up, 41.2% of patients died. The unadjusted incidence rate was 29.9 per 100 person-years (95%CI = [28.7–31.2]), and the cumulative incidence of death at 3 years was 50.2% (95% CI = [48.3–52.1%]). In the study population, 35.3% of patients experienced an acute respiratory-related hospitalization. The unadjusted incidence rate was 32.1 per 100 person-years (95%CI = [30.6–33.5]) and the cumulative incidence of the event at 3 years was 41.5% (95% CI = [39.7–43.2%]). Interpretation: This observational study showed that, if untreated with antifibrotics, IPF is associated with a 50% all-cause mortality at 3 years. These figures can serve as a historical control of the natural course of the disease

Epidemiology, treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with coronary or lower extremity artery disease in France

International audienceBackgroundThere is a dearth of updated epidemiological data on the prevalence and annual incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) in Western countries.AimsTo describe the incidence and prevalence of CAD and LEAD, associated medication patterns and long-term outcomes in France.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using French claims data from a representative sample of the French general population. Any hospitalization or long-term disease status for CAD or LEAD between January 2010 and December 2016 was collected to identify incident cases.ResultsOf the 763,338 patients screened in the study period, 8559 incident cases of CAD and 4399 of LEAD were identified, with an overall mean follow-up of 2.9 ± 2.0 years. The incidence of CAD, LEAD and CAD or LEAD remained stable over the years, and in 2016 were at 33.5 per 10,000 person-years, 15.1 per 10,000 person-years and 42.5 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. The prevalence of CAD increased from 3.1% in 2010 to 4.2% in 2016, and LEAD from 1.6% to 2.4%. Most patients received guideline-recommended medication with antithrombotic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs following the index event. However, most of the medications initiated were subsequently discontinued during follow-up. Incident CAD or LEAD was associated with considerable morbidity–particularly an incidence of all-cause hospitalization of 7976.9 per 10,000 person-years–and all-cause mortality, with an incidence of 542.8 per 10,000 person-years.ConclusionIn recent years, the prevalence of CAD or LEAD has increased progressively, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality.ContexteIl existe un manque de données épidémiologiques récentes concernant la prévalence et l’incidence des cardiopathies ischémiques (CPI) et artériopathies oblitérantes des membres inférieurs (AOMI) dans les pays occidentaux.ObjectifDécrire l’incidence et la prévalence des CPI et AOMI, les médications et le devenir clinique associés au long cours.MéthodesIl s’agit d’une étude rétrospective sur une cohorte représentative de la population française. Toutes les hospitalisations et demandes de statut d’affection de longue durée pour CPI ou AOMI entre janvier 2010 et décembre 2016 ont été collectées pour identifier les cas incidents.RésultatsSur les 763 338 patients évalués, un total de 8559 et 4399 cas incidents de CPI et AOMI ont été identifiés, respectivement, avec un suivi moyen de 2,9 ± 2,0 années. Les incidences de CPI, AOMI et CPI ou AOMI sont restés stables au cours du temps et se situaient en 2016 à 33,5 pour 10 000 patients-années, 15,1 pour 10,000 patients-années et 42,5 pour 10 000 patients-années, respectivement. Les prévalences des CPI et AOMI ont augmenté de 3,1 % et 1,6 % en 2010 à 4,2 % et 2,4 % en 2016, respectivement. La plupart des patients étaient traités selon les recommandations, après l’évènement index, par des agents antiplaquettaires et hypolipémiants. Cependant, la plupart des traitements initiés étaient interrompus durant le suivi. Le diagnostic de CPI ou d’AOMI était associé à une morbi-mortalité considérable, avec une incidence d’hospitalisation à 7976,9 pour 10 000 patients-années et de décès à 542,8 pour 10 000 patients-années.ConclusionLa prévalence des CPI et AOMI a augmenté ces dernières années en France, à l’origine d’une morbi-mortalité significative

Temporal trends in healthcare resource use and associated costs of patients with cystic fibrosis

Background: Better insights into the natural course of cystic fibrosis (CF) have led to treatment approaches that have improved pulmonary health and increased the life expectancy of affected individuals. This study evaluated how the combination of modified demographics and changes in CF management impacted resource consumption and the cost of care.Methods: Medical records of CF patients from 2006 to 2016 in the French CF Registry were linked to their corresponding claims data (SNDS). Medications, medical visits, procedures, hospitalisations, and indirect costs were annualized by calendar year from 2006 to 2017.Results: Of the 7,671 patients included in the French CF Registry, 6,187 patients (80.7%) were linked to the SNDS (51.9% male, mean age = 24.7 years). The average cost per patient was €14,174 in 2006, €21,920 in 2011 and €44,585 in 2017. Costs associated with hospital stays increased from €3,843 per patient in 2006 to €6,741 in 2017. In 2017, the mean cost per CF patient was allocated as follows: 72% for medications (of which 51% for modulator therapies), 15% for hospital stays, 7% for medical visits, 3% for indirect costs, 2% for medical devices, 1% for outpatient medical procedures.Conclusion: There was a strong increase in the mean annual cost per CF patient between 2006 and 2017, mostly due to the cost of therapy after the introduction of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators. The combination of an increase in the number of CF patients - particularly adult patients - and an increase in the annual cost per patient led to a substantial increase in the total cost of CF disease care for the health systems.Keywords: Costs; Cystic fibrosis; Healthcare resource use; Observational study

<p>Impact of Therapy Persistence on Exacerbations and Resource Use in Patients Who Initiated COPD Therapy</p>

International audiencePurpose: This study assessed therapy persistence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in France, and the impact of non-persistence on exacerbations and described COPD-related healthcare resource use (HRU). Methods: Patients aged ≥45 years who received ≥1 dispensed bronchodilator per quarter over three consecutive quarters between 2007 and 2014 and initiated specific COPD therapy were selected from the Echantillon Généraliste des Bénéficiaires (EGB) database. Persistence, defined as the absence of dispensing gaps of >90 days, was measured at 12 months. Exacerbations were compared between persistent and non-persistent patients during follow-up after patient matching and adjustment for confounding factors. COPD-related HRU during follow-up was described. Results: Among 4020 patients with COPD, 2164 initiated a specific therapy. Of these, 54.4% stopped treatment within 12 months. Persistence with all COPD therapy regimens was low, particularly for inhaled corticosteroid (ICS; 25.6%) and ICS/twice-daily long-acting beta-agonist (39.4%) regimens. Among 721 persistent patients who were matched with 721 non-persistent patients, there was no difference in the number of moderate or severe exacerbations at 12 months. However, medical procedures (for instance, pulmonary function testing and chest X-rays) were more frequently observed among persistent patients than among nonpersistent patients, suggesting worse disease severity. Conclusion: Patients receiving specific treatment(s) for COPD demonstrated low persistence for all examined therapy regimens, with no clear impact of persistence status on the frequency of exacerbations at 12 months

Consommation de soins des patients BPCO en France et au Royaume-Uni entre 2008 et 2017, et coûts associés

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Differences in severe exacerbations rates and healthcare utilisation in COPD populations in the UK and France

International audienceIntroduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality in Europe; however, it is important to understand how clinical practice patterns differ between countries and how this might relate to disease outcomes, to identify ways of improving local disease management. We aimed to describe and compare the management of patients with COPD in the UK and France between 2008 and 2017. Methods We used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Hospital Episode Statistics in the UK and the Echantillon Généraliste des Bénéficiaire in France to identify patients with COPD each year between 2008 and 2017. We compared patient characteristics, all-cause mortality and COPD exacerbations each year between 2008 and 2017 for patients in the UK and France separately. Health care utilisation and COPD exacerbations in 2017 were compared between France and the UK using t-tests and χ 2 tests. Results Patients with COPD were similar in gender and comorbidities in both countries. Incidence of COPD exacerbations remained stable in the UK and France between 2007 and 2017. In 2017, the proportion of all-cause and COPD-related hospitalisations was greater in the UK than in France (43.9% vs 32.8% and 8.3% vs 4.9%, respectively; p<0.001) as was the proportion of patients visiting accident and emergency (A&E) (39.8% vs 16.2%, respectively; p<0.001). In addition, the mean length of stay in hospital for COPD-related causes was shorter in the UK than in France (6.2 days (SD 8.4) vs 10.5 days (SD 9.1), respectively; p<0.001). Discussion Overall, UK patients were more likely to go to A&E, be hospitalised for COPD-related causes and stay in hospital for fewer days after being admitted for COPD-related reasons compared with patients in France, illustrating a difference in health-seeking behaviours and access to healthcare

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage rates (VCRs) in France: A French claims data study

International audienceBackground: The French Cancer Plan 2014-2019 had a target of 60% HPV vaccine coverage. The PAPILLON study investigated the annual age-specific vaccination initiation rates and cumulative partial and complete vaccination rates in France from 2017 to 2022. It also identified the factors associated with vaccination in different age groups and those associated with the type of completion of the vaccination scheme (partial vs full vaccination).Methods: For this publication, all females recorded in the French National Claims database who initiated HPV vaccination between 1 July 2007 and 31 December 2018 and were aged between 11 and 19 years at initiation were included. Annual HPV vaccination initiation rates were estimated in 11- to 14-year-old (target population) and 15- to 19-year-old females (catch-up). Cumulative vaccine coverage rates (VCRs) were estimated among those who were 15, 16, 20 and 21 years old. Partial vaccination was defined by dispensing of at least one dose of HPV vaccine by the pharmacy, while full vaccination was defined by two or three doses dispensed by a pharmacy over an 18-month period, according to current French recommendations based on the age at vaccination initiation.Results: Among the 465,629 females who initiated HPV vaccination in 2017 or 2018, the initiation rate increased from 7.7 to 11.1% in 11- to 14-year-old girls and from 4.5 to 6.5% in 15- to 19-year-old females. In 2017 and 2018, the cumulative VCRs for partial vaccination by age 15 were 28.2% and 32.8%, respectively, while by age 20, they were 41.6% and 38.8%. The cumulative VCRs for full vaccination were 15.6% and 18.6% by age 16, while they were 25.9 and 23.6% by age 20. HPV vaccination initiation and completion were strongly associated with the use of health services.Conclusion: Overall, the HPV VCR substantively increased between 2017 and 2018, which is positive evidence of the resumption of vaccination. Updates in 2022 should confirm these results

Antipsychotic prescribing practices in real-life (APPREAL study): Findings from the French National Healthcare System Database (2007–2017)

International audienceBackground Antipsychotics are used in a large variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders; investigating their use in real life is important to understand national prescribing practices, as well as to determine the levels of patient adherence. Methods Using a 1/97e random sample (General Sample of Beneficiaries, EGB) of the French health insurance reimbursement database, we conducted a historical cohort study on the 2007–2017 period. The aim was to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, the types of antipsychotics dispensed, the types of prescribers, the mean doses and average durations of treatment, the co-dispensed medications, and the levels of adherence to treatment. To exclude punctual uses of antipsychotics, we selected only patients with a continuous dispensing of the same antipsychotic over at least 3 months. Results In total, 13,799 subjects (1.66% of the EGB sample) were included (56.0% females; mean age 55.8 ± 19.4 years). Risperidone (19.3%), cyamemazine (18.7%), olanzapine (11.9%), tiapride (8.8%), and haloperidol (7.5%) were the five most prescribed antipsychotics. 44.9% of prescriptions were written by general practitioners, 34.1% by hospital practitioners, and 18.4% by private-practice psychiatrists. On average, the mean dispensed doses were relatively low, but the variation range was large. Long-acting forms were used in 5.4% of the sample, and clozapine in 1.3%. 34.2% of patients received more than one antipsychotic, and almost 15% were prescribed at least three concomitant antipsychotics. Paliperidone and clozapine were associated with the highest levels of adherence, and risperidone and haloperidol with the lowest ones. Conclusion An important heterogeneity of antipsychotic prescribing practices was observed in France. The rate of use of long-acting antipsychotics was low, whereas multiple antipsychotic prescriptions were frequent

Table_1_Cancer incidence and prevalence in cystic fibrosis patients with and without a lung transplant in France.DOCX

BackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) care and the life expectancy of affected patients have substantially improved in recent decades, leading to an increased number of patients being diagnosed with comorbidities, including cancers. Our objective was to characterize the epidemiology of cancers between 2006 and 2017 in CF patients with and without a lung transplant.MethodsMedical records of CF patients from 2006 to 2016 in the French CF Registry were linked to their corresponding claims data (SNDS). The annual prevalence and incidence rates of cancers were estimated from 2006 to 2017 in CF patients without lung transplant and in those with lung transplant after transplantation.ResultsOf the 7,671 patients included in the French CF Registry, 6,187 patients (80.7%) were linked to the SNDS; among them, 1,006 (16.3%) received a lung transplant. The prevalence of any cancer increased between 2006 and 2017, from 0.3 to 1.0% and from 1.3 to 6.3% in non-transplanted and transplanted patients, respectively. When compared to the general population, the incidence of cancer was significantly higher in both non-transplanted [Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) = 2.57, 95%CI 2.05 to 3.17] and transplanted (SIR = 19.76, 95%CI 16.45 to 23.55) patients. The median time between transplant and the first cancer was 3.9 years. Among the 211 incident cancer cases, the most frequent malignant neoplasms were skin neoplasm (48 cases), lung cancers (31 cases), gastro-intestinal (24 cases), and hematologic cancers (17 cases).ConclusionThe overall burden of cancer in CF patients is high, particularly following lung transplantation. Therefore, specific follow-up, screening and cancer prevention for CF patients with transplants are necessary.</p