Efecto del formulado comercial de Trichoderma harzianum en semillas de trigo

Wheat is one of the most important cereals in the world for human consumption therefore fungal diseases and its control represents a great challenge. This experiment was carried out with the objective of looking for an alternative biological control agent, it was undertaken evaluating the effects of different doses of the commercially formulated Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (1969), fungal base, on quality physiological and sanitary selected wheat seeds. Two different planting methods were employed: in the Blotter test, sowing in seedbed, using a completely random array, applying five treatments with eight repetitions of 50 seeds, reaching a total of 400 seeds, with three different doses of the product (100, 200, 300 mL/100 kg seeds), including the absolute test subject and the chemical composition (Carbendazin + Thiram). The results were subjected to the ANAVA and the Tukey test allowing for a 5 % error margin. The fungal genera identified in the wheat seeds were Rhizopus spp. and Aspergillus flavus, in the control subject, The Rhizopus spp. genus fungi prevailed, while the application of different doses of T. harzianum resulted in a decrease of these colonies. According to the level of control, the three doses of the commercial formula applied were satisfactory, in addition to positively influencing the germination percentage of the seeds in relation to the control and the higher index of growth speed was observed after applying T. harzianum at a 300 mL/100 kg of seed dosage. T. harzianum can be used as a biostimulant in plants with a good antagonistic capability against phytopathogens that cause disease in wheat seeds.El trigo es uno de los cereales de mayor importancia en el mundo para el consumo humano y las enfermedades fúngicas y su control representa un gran desafío. Buscando alternativas de control biológico, este experimento se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos de diferentes dosis del formulado comercial a base de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (1969), sobre la calidad fisiológica y sanitaria de las semillas. Se utilizó dos métodos de siembra: en Blotter test y siembra en almácigo, empleándose un diseño completamente al azar, compuesto con cinco tratamientos y ocho repeticiones de 50 semillas, totalizando 400 semillas, con tres diferentes dosis del producto (100, 200, 300 mL/100 kg de semilla), más el testigo absoluto y el químico (Carbendazin + Thiram). Los resultados fueron sometidos al ANAVA y al test de Tukey al 5 % de error. Los géneros de hongos identificados en las semillas de trigo fueron Rhizopus spp. y Aspergillus flavus, en el testigo prevalecieron hongos del género Rhizopus spp., mientras las aplicaciones de diferentes dosis de T. harzianum permitieron la disminución de sus colonias. Según el nivel de control, fueron satisfactoria las tres dosis del formulado comercial utilizado, además de influenciar positivamente en el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas con relación al testigo y el mayor índice de velocidad de emergencia fue observado con la aplicación de T. harzianum a una dosis de 300 mL/100 kg de semilla. T. harzianum puede ser utilizado como bioestimulantes de las plantas con buena capacidad antagónica contra los fitopatógenos que desarrollan enfermedades en semillas de trigo

Extending ontological categorization through a dual process conceptual architecture

In this work we present a hybrid knowledge representation system aiming at extending the representational and reasoning capabilities of classical ontologies by taking into account the theories of typicality in conceptual processing. The system adopts a categorization process inspired to the dual process theories and, from a representational perspective, is equipped with a heterogeneous knowledge base that couples conceptual spaces and ontological formalisms. The system has been experimentally assessed in a conceptual categorization task where common sense linguistic descriptions were given in input, and the corresponding target concepts had to be identified. The results show that the proposed solution substantially improves the representational and reasoning \ue2\u80\u9cconceptual\ue2\u80\u9d capabilities of standard ontology-based systems

Travaglio di prova dopo taglio cesareo:quali fattori intervengono nella scelta delle modalit\ue0 del parto? Due esperienze cliniche milanesi a confronto

The frequency of caesarean section is gradually increased over the years. Women that after a caesarean section decide to endure a pregnancy need to discuss with their gynecologist about the way of delivering. In the first part of the thesis are described the factors that may influence the success or failure of trial of labor, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages, both vaginal birth after caesarean section and elective repeat caesarean section. In the second chapter, I dealt with the principal and most feared risk of trial of labor after a prior caesarean delivery: the uterine rupture. The aim of the thesis have been to evaluate the type of information about mode of delivery that the pregnant women after a previous caesarean section received during a following pregnancy; to highlight the factors that influence this choice; to analyze the opinion of the operators that, every day, have to deal with this topic, and to observe any potential differences between two Hospitals in Milan. To reach the goal it has made: - 48 interviews to women during puerperium at the Clinic \u201cLuigi Mangiagalli\u201d and 11 at the Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d; - 11 questionnaires compiled by midwives in the Clinic \u201cLuigi Mangiagalli\u201d and 14 at the Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d; - 10 questionnaires compiled by doctors of the Clinic \u201cLuigi Mangiagalli\u201d and 10 at the Hospital \u201cVittore Buzzi\u201d. Finally, it can be stated that the major referrers for women that look for this kind of information are gynecologists, even if sometimes it is not scientific evidence based. Professionals words are able to influence the choice of mode of delivery, influencing satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the women. Another important factor in women choices are the previous experiences of labor and the desire to live the experience of vaginal birth

TULSI: an NLP System for Extracting Legal Modificatory Provisions

In this work we present the TULSI system (so named after Turin University Legal Semantic Interpreter), a system to produce automatic annotations of normative documents through the extraction of modificatory provisions. TULSI relies on a deep syntactic analysis and a shallow semantic interpreter that are illustrated in detail. We report the results of an experimental evaluation of the system and discuss them, also suggesting future directions for further improvement

Towards Semantic Interpretation of Legal Modifications through Deep Syntactic Analysis

We are concerned with the automatic semantic interpretation of legal modificatory provisions. We propose a novel approach which pairs deep syntactic parsing and a fine-grained taxonomy of legal modifications. Although still in a developmental stage, the implemented system can be used to annotate with meta-information modificatory provisions of NormaInRete documents

Efecto del formulado comercial de Trichoderma harzianum en semillas de trigo

Wheat is one of the most important cereals in the world for human consumption, so its fungal diseases and control represent a great challenge.This experiment was carried out with the objective of looking for an alternative biological control agent. The effects of different doses of the Trichoderma harzianum-based commercially formulated product on physiological and sanitary quality of the wheatseeds were evaluated. Two different planting methods were employed: Blotter test and sowing in seedbed. A completely random design was applied, with five treatments with eight repetitions of 50 seeds, reaching a total of 400 seeds, and with three different doses of the product (100, 200, 300 ml/100 kg seeds), in addition to the absolute control and the chemical (Carbendazin + Thiram). The results were subjected to the ANAVA and the Tukey tests (α=0.05). The fungal taxa identified in the wheat seeds were Rhizopusspp. and Aspergillus flavus; fungi if the genus Rhizopusprevailed in the control sample, while the application of different doses of T. harzianumresulted in a decrease of their colonies. Depending on the control level, the three doses of the commercial formulation applied were satisfactory, in addition to positively influencing the germination percentage of the seeds in relation to the control. The highest emergency speed index was observed after applying T. harzianumat a dose of 300 ml/100 kg. This species can be used as a biostimulant in plants with a good antagonistic capability against phytopathogens that develop diseases in wheat seedsEl trigo es uno de los cereales de mayor importancia en el mundo para el consumo humano, por lo que sus enfermedades fúngicas y su control representan un gran desafío. Buscando alternativas de control biológico,se realizó un experimento con el objetivo deevaluar los efectos de diferentes dosis del formulado comercial a base de Trichoderma harzianum, sobre la calidad fisiológica y sanitaria de las semillas. Se utilizaron dos métodos de siembra: Blotter test y siembra en almácigo. Se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar, con cinco tratamientos y ocho repeticiones de 50 semillas, totalizando 400 semillas, y con tres diferentes dosis del producto (100, 200, 300 ml/100 kg de semilla), más el testigo absoluto y el químico (Carbendazin + Thiram). Los resultadosfueron sometidos al ANAVA y al test de Tukey (α= 0,05). Los taxones de hongos identificados en las semillas de trigo fueron Rhizopusspp. y Aspergillus flavus; en la muestra téstigoprevalecieron hongos del género Rhizopus, mientras que las aplicaciones de diferentes dosis de T. harzianumpermitieron la disminución de sus colonias. Según el nivel de control, fueron satisfactorias las tres dosis del formulado comercial utilizado, además de influenciar positivamente el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas con relación al testigo. El mayor índice de velocidad de emergencia fue observado con la aplicación de T. harzianuma una dosis de 300 ml/100 kg de semilla. Esta especie puede ser utilizada como bioestimulantes de las plantas con buena capacidad antagónica contra los fitopatógenos que desarrollan enfermedades en semillas de trig

Tailoring the interaction with users in electronic shops

Abstract. We describe the user modeling and personalization techniques adopted in SETA, a shell supporting the construction of adaptive Web stores which customize the interactions with users, suggesting the items best fitting their needs, and adapting the description of the store catalog to their preferences and expertise. SETA uses stereotypical information to handle the user models and applies personalization rules to dynamically generate the hypertextual pages presenting products: the system adapts the graphical aspect, length and terminology used in the descriptions to the user’s receptivity, expertise and interests. Moreover, it maintains a profile associated to each person the goods are selected for, to provide multiple criteria for the selection of items, tailored to the beneficiaries ’ preferences.