31 research outputs found

    BRANCHED1: A Key Hub of Shoot Branching

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    Shoot branching is a key process for plant growth and fitness. Newly produced axes result from axillary bud outgrowth, which is at least partly mediated through the regulation of BRANCHED1 gene expression (BRC1/TB1/FC1). BRC1 encodes a pivotal bud-outgrowth-inhibiting transcription factor belonging to the TCP family. As the regulation of BRC1 expression is a hub for many shoot-branching-related mechanisms, it is influenced by endogenous (phytohormones and nutrients) and exogenous (light) inputs, which involve so-far only partly identified molecular networks. This review highlights the central role of BRC1 in shoot branching and its responsiveness to different stimuli, and emphasizes the different knowledge gaps that should be addressed in the near future

    Bilateral rooting and flower production in Rosa hybrida cuttings

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    The effect of cutting type (20 cm-long, three-to-four node cuttings, rooted at both ends and planted horizontally vs. vertical controls) on flowering was studied in the cut-rose cultivars 'Meidebenne', 'Meicofum' and 'Meitanet'. Rose plants were grown in rockwool cubes in a greenhouse for 9 months, with new shoots bent over to stimulate flowering. Application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to cuttings significantly increased the rooting percentage. The best rooting response was obtained with distal and proximal application of IBA at 1.0 and 4.0 g l(-1). As a result of the greater number of axillary buds that sprouted, the average number of marketable flowers produced by plants propagated as horizontal cuttings was significantly higher than those from plants that originated from conventional cuttings. However, plants raised from vertical cuttings showed a better flower yield, except for 'Meitanet'

    Variabilité génétique et biologie reproductive de rosiers dihaploïdes et tetraploïdes ; application à la sélection du rosier cultivé

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    Le rosier cultivé. Posa hybrida L., tétraploïde (2n = 4x = 28) a été haploïdisé au cours de la dernière décennie. Les formes dihaploïdes obtenues ont été au cours de cette étude hybridées avec des espèces sauvages diploïdes aux ressources génétiques peu exploitées. Des analyses moléculaire, cytologique et morphologique de descendances issues de ces croisements ont permis d'aboutir à une meilleure connaissance de : - la reproduction sexuée des dihaploïdes et de leurs hybrides. L'étude de la gamétogenèse a mis en évidence la production, par les dihaploïdes, de gamètes mâles et femelles 2n de types SDR-CO, SDR-NCO, FDR-CO et FDR-NCO. Les proportions produites d'un type ou d'un autre de gamètes 2n sont génotype-dépendantes. Cette aptitude à produire des gamètes 2n est transmise à la descendance, permettant ainsi un retour au niveau tétraploïde. Les conséquences génétiques des différents types de gamètes produits ont été étudiées, notamment quant aux niveaux d'hétérozygotie parentale transmis dans les descendances.- la génétique du genre Rosa. Trois caractères qualitatifs et un caractère quantitatif ont été suivis en ségrégation dans les descendances diploïdes. La duplicature de la corolle et la non remontance sont contrôlées par un gène dominant, la couleur rosé de la fleur par deux gènes complémentaires dominants. Un déterminisme oligogénique a été mis en évidence concernant la quantité d'épines sur les tiges.- l'organisation et du fonctionnement du génome du genre Rosa. A partir d'une descendance diploïde issue du croisement entre un dihaploïde et R. wichuraiana, deux cartes génétiques, mâle et femelle, ont été construites à l'aide de marqueurs AFLP. Les gènes responsables de la duplicature et de la non remontance ont été positionnés sur les cartes mâle et femelle, les marqueurs les plus proches étant situés à 4,7 et 0 cM, respectivement. Concernant la quantité d'épines, un QTL majeur et un QTL mineur ont été localisés sur la carte mâle.AIX-MARSEILLE3-BU Sc.St Jérô (130552102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Etude comparative des effets de la naltrexone et de la loratadine sur le prurit urémique

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    BREST-BU Médecine-Odontologie (290192102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Effect of mechanical stimulation on the growth and branching of garden rose

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    International audienceOne of the main criteria for the visual quality of an ornamental potted plant is its shape, which should be compact and branched. In the case of rose, like that of many other ornamental plants, it is essential to be able to control both growth and branching. The most common method used is the application of chemical growth regulators. However, their toxicity in relation to health and their impact on the environment cast doubts on their use. Mechanical stimulation is one of the alternative methods proposed to replace these chemical regulators. It was applied to young rose plants, Rosa hybrida 'Radrazz' Knock-Out (R), at two different frequencies: once a day, three times per week, for seven weeks (Exp. 1), and five times a day, four times per week, for five weeks (Exp. 2). It consisted of passing a horizontal bar over the upper part of the plants. Significant results were obtained in the two trials, with an increase in the number of branchings from the most proximal metamers (of 102% and 97% in Exps. 1 and 2, respectively) and a reduction of the length of metamers of order 1 axes (of 8% and 9% in Exps. 1 and 2, respectively), resulting in a significant reduction in axis length in Exp. 2. A reduction in the length of order 2 axes during growth was also observed in the two trials. These results lead the way to interesting potential horticultural applications for controlling plant growth, in particular, the elongation of branches, and for promoting basitone branching

    Development of a genetic linkage map and study of candidate genes for flowering control in Rose

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    Development of a genetic linkage map and study of candidate genes for flowering control in Rose. Plant and Animal Genome XII Confernc

    Mapping of qualitative and quantitative phenotypic traits in Rosa using AFLP markers

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    DOI:10.1007/s00122-002-1102-2International audienc
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