How much do preverbal children signal a wish to be fed? Nested case control study comparing weight faltering and healthy infants

We aimed to 1/develop an observational tool to rate non-verbal cues infants give when being fed 2/test whether these differ between healthy children and those with weight faltering (WF) 3/describe how well these predict whether offered food is eaten. Subjects and methods: The study used videos of infants eating a standardised meal studied in a case control study nested within the Gateshead Millennium Study (GMS). Infants with weight faltering (WF) were each matched to 2 healthy controls. Half the control videos (N = 28) were used to develop the scale. Food offers were identified and the child's head, eyes, hands, and mouth position/activity rated as signalling a readiness to be fed (engaged), or not (disengaged) as well as whether food was accepted; 5 of these videos were used to assess inter-rater and test-re- test reliability. The scale was then applied to the videos of 28 WF infants (mean age 15.3 months) and 29 remaining controls (mean age 15.8 months) to identify and code all feeding events. Results: test-re-test rates varied from 0.89 for events to 0.74 for head; inter-rater reliability varied from 0.78 for hands to 0.67 for mouth. From 2219 observed interactions, 48% showed at least one engaged element, and 73% at least one disengaged; 67% of interactions resulted in food eaten, with no difference between WF and control. Food was eaten after 73% interactions with any engagement, but also in 62% with disengagement. Conclusions: Infants were commonly disengaged during meals, but a majority accepted food despite this. Those with weight faltering did not differ compared to healthy controls

Exploring traditions of identity theory for Human Resource Development (HRD)

The question of who is developed by HRD might appear self-evident. However, the answer becomes less certain when one seeks to understand how the individual changes through HRD activities and how these changes in turn shape what they do and how others respond to them. Such concerns are of central interest to the study of identity, a field that sees the question of who someone ‘is’, and indeed is not, as an important contributor to the personal and interpersonal dynamics of organisational life. Many of those engaged in identity scholarship would readily declare themselves to understand identity as a socially constructed phenomenon. Beyond this, however, contrasting research traditions adopt different positions on what constitutes an identity, where it emanates from, and how it might be known. Such variety means identity offers a potentially fruitful series of frameworks for exploring the nature, as well as the effect, of HRD on the individual and the workplace. Unlocking this potential, however, requires a firm understanding of the perspectives from which identity is described and the processes through which it is sustained and evolves

Status of Muon Collider Research and Development and Future Plans

The status of the research on muon colliders is discussed and plans are outlined for future theoretical and experimental studies. Besides continued work on the parameters of a 3-4 and 0.5 TeV center-of-mass (CoM) energy collider, many studies are now concentrating on a machine near 0.1 TeV (CoM) that could be a factory for the s-channel production of Higgs particles. We discuss the research on the various components in such muon colliders, starting from the proton accelerator needed to generate pions from a heavy-Z target and proceeding through the phase rotation and decay ($\pi \to \mu \nu_{\mu}$) channel, muon cooling, acceleration, storage in a collider ring and the collider detector. We also present theoretical and experimental R & D plans for the next several years that should lead to a better understanding of the design and feasibility issues for all of the components. This report is an update of the progress on the R & D since the Feasibility Study of Muon Colliders presented at the Snowmass'96 Workshop [R. B. Palmer, A. Sessler and A. Tollestrup, Proceedings of the 1996 DPF/DPB Summer Study on High-Energy Physics (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA, 1997)].Comment: 95 pages, 75 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Special Topics, Accelerators and Beam

Understanding the effects of growth and size-at-age variation on the dynamics of fish populations

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2017-08Understanding drivers of populations is of tantamount importance across a broad scale of researchers, from theoretical ecologists to tactical resource managers. Drivers may be internal feedbacks (density-dependent) or external (density-independent) processes, such as changes in prey, predator, or competitor populations, or environmental stochasticity. In a closed population, these drivers affect populations by altering demographic rates (i.e. mortality, reproduction, somatic growth). Although there is increasing evidence that no demographic rates are static, at least in patchy and stochastic aquatic environments, it is an ongoing question to identify the most important types and scale of variation for population dynamics models. In this dissertation, I seek to quantify the magnitude and effect of growth and size-at-age variation on fish population dynamics using a variety of different modeling techniques. In the first chapter, I use a state-space statistical model to quantify the magnitude and type of temporal size-at-age variation experienced by a number of Pacific groundfish populations. In the second chapter, I use these estimates of growth variation, along with parameters taken from fisheries stock assessment models, to illustrate how both growth and recruitment variation may introduce fluctuations into simulated populations with otherwise static demographic rates. In the third chapter, I use an integrated analysis model to simulate and estimate patterns of growth variation in Petrale sole (Eopsetta jordani) to examine the effect of growth misspecification on estimates of population status. In the final chapter, I adapt a size-structured ecosystem model to Tonlé Sap Lake, Cambodia, and explore ways to validate model accuracy in a species-rich, data-poor ecosystem. This work highlights the importance of accounting for multiple types of demographic stochasticity across life history type and how appropriate model complexity scales with data quality and quantity

Our commencement

Citation: Linscott, Frank Mallett. The telephone and its uses. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1891.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: It is peculiarly appropriate at this season of our lives that we ask ourselves what commencement is. Probably not one of the many young people who have “fought the good fight, finished the course,” and stepped out from the college halls all over this broad land, but has asked this question. Some perhaps lightly, thinking of nothing more than flowers, music, applause, and a diploma. But the most have asked it thoughtfully, pondering long and deeply on its meaning. To this latter class commencement means more than flowers, more than music, more than applause or a diploma. There are only the pleasant accompaniments of the beginning of their true life—not only of their true life, but of a higher and grander education than any they have hers-to-fore known. We have studied algebra in college. We now take the unknown quantities of geologic ages, solve the equations and get the known results—the scent of the plants, the power and adaptability of soils—till even the history of the books shall help us in our struggle to subdue the earth. We have studied geometry as it is taught in schools. We now have the whole heavens spread out before us in a more magnificent geometry than finite mind has ever yet conceived

Identity as a foundation for HRD

The question of who is developed by HRD might appear self-evident. However, the answer becomes less certain when one seeks to understand how the individual changes through HRD activities and how these changes in turn shape what they do and how others respond to them. Such concerns are of central interest to the study of identity, a field that sees the question of who someone ‘is’, and indeed is not, as an important contributor to the personal and interpersonal dynamics of organizational life. Many of those engaged in identity scholarship would readily declare themselves to understand identity as a socially constructed phenomenon. Beyond this, however, contrasting research traditions adopt different positions on what constitutes an identity, where it emanates from, and how it might be known. Such variety means identity offers a potentially fruitful series of frameworks for exploring the nature, as well as the effect, of HRD on the individual and the workplace. Unlocking this potential, however, requires a firm understanding of the perspectives from which identity is described and the processes through which it is sustained and evolves. Many HRD texts allude to the centrality of identity for HRD but rarely to theories of identity. Yet HRD, as efforts to direct and (re)position identities and behaviour through training and other activities, is a field replete with ‘tensions and contradictions’ (McGuire and Garavan 2013:1) that we characterise through contrasting emphases upon the Human Resource Development, and Human Resource Development. Taking these in turn, the chapter teases out the identity issues embedded in these literatures, taking time to consider both individual and organizational level HRD processes. We then examine how three distinct identity perspectives: social identity ; identity work; and discourse and identity, might relate to these concerns before concluding the chapter with some questions that might inform the future trajectory of identity studies in Human Resource Development

Weak intermolecular CH···N hydrogen bonding : determination of 13CH-15N hydrogen-bond mediated J couplings by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and first-principles calculations

Weak hydrogen bonds are increasingly hypothesised to play key roles in a wide range of chemistry from catalysis to gelation to polymer structure. Here, 15N/13C spin-echo magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR experiments are applied to “view” intermolecular CH···N hydrogen bonding in two selectively labelled organic compounds, 4-[15N] cyano-4’-[13C2] ethynylbiphenyl (1) and [15N3,13C6]-2,4,6-triethynyl-1,3,5-triazine (2). The synthesis of 2-15N3,13C6 is reported here for the first time via a multistep procedure, where the key element is the reaction of [15N3]-2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (5) with [13C2]-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]zinc chloride (8) to afford its immediate precursor [15N3,13C6]-2,4,6-tris[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]-1,3,5-triazine (9). Experimentally determined hydrogen-bond mediated 2hJCN couplings (4.7 ± 0.4 Hz (1), 4.1 ± 0.3 Hz (2)) are compared with density functional theory (DFT) gauge-including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) calculations, whereby species independent coupling values 2hKCN (28.1 (1), 26.1 (2) × 1019 kg m–2 s–2 A–2) quantitatively demonstrate the J couplings for these CH···N hydrogen bonds to be of a similar magnitude to those for conventionally observed NH···O hydrogen-bonding interactions in uracil (2hKNO: 28.1 and 36.8 × 1019 kg m–2 s–2 A–2)

Translational research on cognitive and behavioural disorders in neurological and psychiatric diseases

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