Decorated Ceramics At Cypress Citadel (11Js76): Patterning At A Late Woodland Site In Southern Illinois

The Cypress Citadel (11js76) is a late Woodland hill top site located in southern Illinois in the southwest portion of Johnson County, near the community of Cypress. Previous research has documented it as a Lewis phase site within the late Woodland period. The Lewis phase is set apart from late Woodland phases by the existence of decorated ceramics. The information presented in this thesis is intended to identify and describe specific decorative attributes of the ceramics at Cypress Citadel and examine specific patterns of incising within the site. Although determining patterning in the decoration is difficult, a focus on attributes allofor a thorough investigation. After using attribute analysis, it is clear that the ceramics shosmall nuances in decoration and style between early and late occupations at the site, primarily in the rim treatment. The results of this document indicate that there is a definitive tendency for two styles of lip treatment, one which predominantly occurs early at the site and another which appears later

Joseph Holland and the Idea of the Chaucerian Book

The antiquarian Joseph Holland (d. 1605) owned a large, but damaged, Chaucerian manuscript from the early fifteenth century (now Cambridge University Library Gg.4.27). Holland recognized in the manuscript an effort to construct a collection based on Chaucerian authorship, and he repaired and added to it using a copy of the 1598 printed edition of Chaucer\u27s collected Works. From this edition, he took not only the text of Chaucer\u27s poems, but paratextual materials as well, including a glossary, biographical information, and a frontispiece. His activities reveal how a distinctly post-medieval understanding of what the collected works of Chaucer should look like shaped the history of this fifteenth-century manuscript, and underscore impact of later stages of transmission can have on the way medieval books are read and preserved

Fold: A modern lighting line that explores ways to meld energy efficiency and health benefits into essential elements of interior lighting.

Thesis Statement Lighting plays an essential role in the modern world. Electrical lighting from fluorescent bulbs to LED fixtures greet humans from the moment they wake up until the moment they sleep at night. Light is essential to human life. As such, lighting has been and continues to be a prominent element of design from the grandiose chandeliers of the Rococo period to the minimal, modern lighting of the 21st century. Lighting continues to be researched, developed, and innovated and plays such an essential role in homes, offices, and the interior or exterior of any building. Lighting design has been pushed more recently by the need to be more energy efficient and renewable, and the phasing out of incandescent bulb production expanded lighting to new directions not tried in the past. Lighting is the way individuals see, and effects the visual perception of a space, making it one of the most important elements of a well-designed interior. Can the lighting that is used in homes, work spaces, and any interior be designed to not only be energy efficient but also be healthier for humans

Making beautiful music: The state of the art in mobile technology and how we can make the most of it in libraries

Mobile technology is in a great state of flux and competition and the bar keeps getting set higher. What models of service are leading the pack? Should libraries be providing mobile devices or rather, should libraries be providing content for any kind of device and leave the choice of device to our patrons? This session will explore the most recent trends so that attendees can get a sense of the marketplace and what might work best in their own context. Many libraries are experimenting with handheld readers such as Kindle, Nook and iPads, and at the same time testing out various platforms to deliver e-content (such as Overdrive and 3-M Cloud Library)

A Diverse Clinical-Based Practice in Teacher Education

The purpose of the study was to determine if offering a virtual clinical-based practice would affect teacher candidates’ level of confidence in teaching diverse students. During 2012-2014, data were collected using a pre- and post-Likert scale questionnaire. A paired two sample t-test was utilized to determine if there was a significant difference in mean scores from the pre- to the postquestionnaire. Increases were found in all questionnaire items with five of the items showing a significant increase at the α=.01 level. The results suggest that a virtual clinical-based practice may provide an authentic experience for teacher candidates, may lead teacher candidates to be become more aware and take a positive approach to students’ differences, and that the teacher candidates’ comfort level with unfamiliar situations posed by students from diverse backgrounds may increase. A future implication is that colleges of education may want to consider adding a virtual clinical-based practice to existing diversity education classes. However, more research needs to be conducted to determine if virtual clinical-based practices are equal to or better than on-site clinical-based practices in an attempt to increase teacher candidates’ levels of confidence in teaching diverse students

Effects of Desensitization on Pain Distribution and Normalization of Somatosensation in a Patient with Quadrilateral Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Background and Purpose: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition affecting at least one extremity that can develop after injury, involving allodynia, constant limb pain, and hyperpathic autonomic and somatic symptoms.1 One essential CRPS treatment is somatosensory desensitization (SD), yet efficacy evidence remains limited.2 This study aimed to assess changes in pain distribution and intensity in treated and untreated limbs, as well as possible somatosensory normalization of proximal non-painful limb regions, after 10 weeks of SD. Case Description: The 54 y.o. male patient had an incomplete C5 SCI. Prior to SD, the patient experienced constant searing pain and tactile allodynia in all limbs for 5 years following Type II CRPS diagnosis, despite 18 months of early physical therapy that restored nearly full functional mobility. Quadrilateral involvement permitted researchers to desensitize one upper and one lower limb. The 10-week SD treatment involved progressing coarse materials weekly, applied via self-massage BID. The patient completed pain body diagrams (PBD) with pain distribution score (PDS) calculations applied to PBDs3 to quantify changes in extent of limb pain. Weekly outcome measures included visual analog pain scale (VAS) and allodynia measurements via algometry. Somatosensory changes to all limb areas were measured using Semmes Weinstein monofilaments and 2-point discrimination. Outcomes: Overall PDS decreased by 23.5% (9.5% for treated limbs, 14.0% for untreated limbs). VAS scores for treated limbs decreased by 5.5cm UE and 2.4cm LE, with untreated limb reductions of 0.3cm UE and 1.2cm LE. Monofilament and 2-point discrimination testing revealed subnormal pretreatment somatosensory thresholds and acuity of non-painful proximal limb areas, that subsequently normalized with corresponding decreases in distal pain. Other posttreatment changes included improved UE grip/pinch strength, axial loading tolerance in all limbs, and allodynia. Discussion: Prior literature suggests SD can result in decreased pain in treated limbs, but does not discuss changes in untreated painful areas.4 After 10-weeks of SD, this spinal cord injured patient experienced notable reductions in pain intensity, distribution, and allodynia in all treated and untreated limbs. As pain decreased in more distal areas, somatosenation in proximal, non-painful areas normalized. Findings suggest central neuroplastic changes may occur from SD treatment, possibly involving normalized representation of affected and unaffected areas in the neuromatrix. References: 1. Harden R, Bruehl S, Perez R, et al. Validation of proposed diagnostic criteria (the “Budapest Criteria”) for complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 2010;150(2):268-274. 2. Freedman M, Greis A, Marino L, Sinha A, Henstenburg J. Complex regional pain syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2014;25(2):291-303. 3. Allen RJ, Soterakopoulos C, Fugere KJ, Sorbie WK, Oksendahl AL, Looper J. Pain distribution quantification using enhanced \u27rule-of-nines\u27: reliability and correlations with intensity, sensory, affective, and functional pain measures. Physiotherapy 2011;97(S1):309. 4. Allen R, Wilson A. Chapter 91: Physical therapy agents. In: Fishman S, Ballantyne J, Rathmell J, Fishman S, eds. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2010:1345-1356

Soil reconstruction after mining fails to restore soil function in an Australian arid woodland

The biogeochemical properties of soils drive ecosystem function and vegetation dynamics, and hence soil restoration after mining should aim to reinstate the soil properties and hydrological dynamics of remnant ecosystems. The aim of this study is to assess soil structure in two vegetation types in an arid ecosystem, and to understand how these soil properties compare to a reconstructed soil profile after mining. In an arid ecosystem in southeast Australia, soil samples were collected at five depths (to 105 cm) from remnant woodland and shrubland sites, and sites either disturbed or totally reconstructed after mining. We assessed soil physico-chemical properties and microbial activity. Soils in the remnant arid ecosystem had coarse-textured topsoils that overlay clay horizons, which allows water to infiltrate and avoid evaporation, but also slows drainage to deeper horizons. Conversely, reconstructed soils had high sand content at subsoil horizons and high bulk density and compaction at surface layers (0–20 cm). Reconstructed soils had topsoils with higher pH and electrical conductivity. The reconstructed soils did not show increased microbial activity with time since restoration. Overall, the reconstructed soil horizons were not organized in a way that allowed rainfall infiltration and water storage, as is imperative to arid-zone ecosystem function. Future restoration efforts in arid ecosystems should focus on increasing sand content of soils near the surface, to reduce evaporative water loss and improve soil quality and plant health. © 2020 Society for Ecological Restoratio