5,799 research outputs found
Diacritic Restoration and the Development of a Part-of-Speech Tagset for the MÄori Language
This thesis investigates two fundamental problems in natural language processing: diacritic restoration and part-of-speech tagging. Over the past three decades, statistical approaches to diacritic restoration and part-of-speech tagging have grown in interest as a consequence of the increasing availability of manually annotated training data in major languages such as English and French. However, these approaches are not practical for most minority languages, where appropriate training data is either non-existent or not publically available. Furthermore, before developing a part-of-speech tagging system, a suitable tagset is required for that language. In this thesis, we make the following contributions to bridge this gap:
Firstly, we propose a method for diacritic restoration based on naive Bayes classifiers that act at word-level. Classifications are based on a rich set of features, extracted automatically from training data in the form of diacritically marked text. This method requires no additional resources, which makes it language independent. The algorithm was evaluated on one language, namely MÄori, and an accuracy exceeding 99% was observed.
Secondly, we present our work on creating one of the necessary resources for the development of a part-of-speech tagging system in MÄori, that of a suitable tagset. The tagset described was developed in accordance with the EAGLES guidelines for morphosyntactic annotation of corpora, and was the result of in-depth analysis of the MÄori grammar
Improved thermal treatment of aluminum alloy 7075
Newly developed tempering treatment considerably increases the corrosion resistance of 7075-T6 alloy and concomitantly preserves its yield strength. The results of tests on samples of the alloy subjected to the above treatments show that when the overaging period is 12 hours /at 325 degrees F/, the alloy exhibits a yield strength of 73,000 psi
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Back to where we came from: evolutionary psychology and childrenâs literature and media
In 2010, The New York Times ran an article which announced that âthe next big thing in English [Studies]â was âusing evolutionary theory to explain fictionâ. This announcement may be considered somewhat belated, given that the interest in the potential relevance of evolutionary psychology to literary studies might be traced back to a considerably earlier date than 2010. Joseph Carroll first published on the subject as far back as 1995, and by 2002 Steven Pinker could claim that âwithin the academy, a growing number of mavericks are looking to Evolutionary psychology and cognitive science in an effort to re-establish human nature as the center of any understanding of the artsâ. Nevertheless, The New York Timesâs announcement may be taken as a measure of an increasingly visible trend in both popular and academic thinking.
We argue in this chapter that this trend is motivated specifically by nostalgia, or the longing for a past which seems forever lost. A second aspect of this nostalgia will also be discussed to do with the way that we argue that this supposedly ânewâ area of research repeats exactly a long history of prior claims of many eminent childrenâs literature critics with respect to ideas of childhood, language and childrenâs literature and media. Despite the repeated, insistent claims of several of the Literary Darwinists, including, for instance, Joseph Carroll, one of the founders of this way of thinking, that they are working in heroic opposition to a dominant, obscurantist and anti-science âliterary theoryâ, we argue here that in fact there is a high degree of convergence between the claims made about childhood, language and childrenâs literature in Literary Darwinism and much childrenâs literature criticism. We therefore see Literary Darwinism and (childrenâs) literature studies as not being in any sense about an opposition or separation between science and literary or humanist studies, but about a convergence underpinned and driven by the same nostalgia for a singular, stable, uniform and universal past, leading to a singular, stable, uniform and universal present.
Finally, we suggest that it is not just in these two fields in which this nostalgia operates, but that this can currently be seen in sub-streams within many disciplines â in both in arts, sciences and humanities -- as a founding, powerfully political, driver
Increased resistance to stress corrosion of aluminum alloys
Stress corrosion resistance is increased by distorting surface grain-boundary structure and by interrupting the corrosion and stress corrosion. The first is accomplished by machining or shot peening and the second by removal from and later reexposure to the corrosive environment
Effects of Smooth Boundaries on Topological Edge Modes in Optical Lattices
Since the experimental realization of synthetic gauge fields for neutral
atoms, the simulation of topologically non-trivial phases of matter with
ultracold atoms has become a major focus of cold atom experiments. However,
several obvious differences exist between cold atom and solid state systems,
for instance the finite size of the atomic cloud and the smooth confining
potential. In this article we show that sharp boundaries are not required to
realize quantum Hall or quantum spin Hall physics in optical lattices and, on
the contrary, that edge states which belong to a smooth confinement exhibit
additional interesting properties, such as spatially resolved splitting and
merging of bulk bands and the emergence of robust auxiliary states in bulk gaps
to preserve the topological quantum numbers. In addition, we numerically
validate that these states are robust against disorder. Finally, we analyze
possible detection methods, with a focus on Bragg spectroscopy, to demonstrate
that the edge states can be detected and that Bragg spectroscopy can reveal how
topological edge states are connected to the different bulk bands.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, updated figures and minor text correction
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What can co-speech gestures in aphasia tell us about the relationship between language and gesture?: A single case study of a participant with Conduction Aphasia
Cross-linguistic evidence suggests that language typology influences how people gesture when using âmanner-of-motionâ verbs (Kita 2000; Kita & ĂzyĂźrek 2003) and that this is due to âonlineâ lexical and syntactic choices made at the time of speaking (Kita, ĂzyĂźrek, Allen, Brown, Furman & Ishizuka, 2007). This paper attempts to relate these findings to the co-speech iconic gesture used by an English speaker with conduction aphasia (LT) and five controls describing a Sylvester and Tweety1 cartoon. LT produced co-speech gesture which showed distinct patterns which we relate to different aspects of her language impairment, and the lexical and syntactic choices she made during her narrative
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