La mort et le sonore dans la France médiévale et baroque

Les rituels funéraires, l’évocation de la mort et l’ensemble des représentations qui y sont rattachées sont l’objet d’une très intense relation au sonore (vacarmes, tumultes) dont la codification est néanmoins élaborée. C’est précisément cette « grammaire symbolique » que nous souhaiterions ici mettre au jour par le biais d’une analyse anthropologique historique appliquée au monde occidental chrétien médiéval et baroque, notamment à la France, en faisant ressortir quatre éléments majeurs : le bruit, le vent comme élément organologique, l’aspect « boiteux » de certains rythmes évoquant la claudication rituelle et, enfin, parmi les nombreux registres musicaux, l’usage récurrent du grave et de la descente dans le grave. À la suite de quoi, nous verrons comment ces éléments se combinent dans quelques-unes des oeuvres majeures de ces époques reculées.The funeral rituals, the evocation of the death and all their linked representations are strongly related to the sound (hubbub), which presents an elaborate codification. It is precisely this “symbolic code” that we would like to explore here through an anthropological and historical analysis of the western medieval Christian world, in particular that in France, highlighting four major elements : the sound, the wind as an instrumental element, the “lame” aspect of some rhythms evocating the ritual limp, and then, among the many musical registers, the recurrent use of the low one and the descent into this register. Subsequently, we will show how these elements combine in some of the major works of this era

Cohomologie tangente et cup-produit pour la quantification de Kontsevich

On a flat manifold, M. Kontsevich's formality quasi-isomorphism is compatible with cup-products on tangent cohomology spaces, in the sense that its derivative at any formal Poisson 2-tensor induces an isomorphism of graded commutative algebras from Poisson cohomology space to Hochschild cohomology space relative to the associated deformed multiplication. We give here a detailed proof of this result, with signs and orientations precised.Comment: in French, plain-TeX, 31 pages, 8 eps figures. Erreurs typographiques et signes corriges dans le theoreme 4.6 et la proposition 4.

Estimation of tortuosity and reconstruction of geodesic paths in 3D

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License. Full text also available at http://www.ias-iss.org/ojs/IAS/article/view/941/870International audienceThe morphological tortuosity of a geodesic path in a medium can be defined as the ratio between its geodesic length and the Euclidean distance between its two extremities. Thus, the minimum tortuosity of all the geodesic paths into a medium in 2D or in 3D can be estimated by image processing methods using mathematical morphology. Considering a medium, the morphological tortuosities of its internal paths are estimated according to one direction, which is perpendicular to both starting and ending opposite extremities of the geodesic paths. The used algorithm estimates the morphological tortuosities from geodesic distance maps, which are obtained from geodesic propagations. The shape of the propagated structuring element used to estimate the geodesic distance maps on a discrete grid has a direct influence on the morphological tortuosity and has to be chosen very carefully. The results of our algorithm is an image with pixels p having a value equal to the length of the shortest path containing p and connected to two considered opposite boundaries A and B of the image. The analysis of the histogram of the morphological tortuosities gives access to their statistical distribution. Moreover, for each tortuosity the paths can be extracted from the original image, which highlights the location of them into the sample. However, these geodesic paths have to be reconstructed for further processing. The extraction, because applying a threshold on the tortuosities, results in disconnected components, especially for highly tortuous paths. This reconstruction consists in reconnecting these components to the geodesic path linking the two opposite faces, by means of a backtracking algorithm

Estimation of Acoustic Properties, of the Representative Volume Element of Random Fibrous Media

International audienceThis work focuses on the estimation of acoustic properties from numerical simulations, and on the determination of the representative volume element of random fibrous media. At the microscopic scale, both viscous and thermal dissipations of energy occur in the air saturating the pores of a porous medium. Thus, the thermoacoustic formalism was used to model the physical behavior of several periodic unit cells of random fibrous media. Their properties such as both harmonic acoustic velocity and temperature were homogenized at different scales, in order to estimate representative volume elements for different properties

With Great Advantage Should Come Responsibility: How the Territorialist Approach in Private International Law Maybe Overcome to Ensure Justice is Done for those Left in the Wake of Canadian Business Abroad

Conflict of laws rules in Canada bias toward taking jurisdiction over matters involving human rights or environmental abuse inflicted abroad, particularly when inflicted by Canadian corporations. Contrary to enumerated tests for jurisdiction, many Canadian courts have instead preferred a regressive state-centric/hyper-comity anchor in applying such tests to putative foreign plaintiffs. This Thesis argues this preference can be effectively understood using the lens and language of Pierre Bourdieus field theory as representing a habitus of the Canadian judiciary. In light of the habitus of the Canadian judicial field, and in order to encourage an interpretation of conflict of laws rules in Canada that prefers an uptake of such claims, practitioners ought to introduce issues of jurisdiction to Canadian courts framed with respect to fairness, notably whether it is fair to provide Canadian corporations significant benefit when operating abroad and, through failure to take jurisdiction, allow such corporations to avoid civil prosecution