The Influence of Transformation in Effective Training: Perspectives from Trainers in the Field

Training and development is often directly connected to human resources and less associated with adult education. However, through interviews of three trainers, it was found that through personal experiences, trainers undergo transformative learning to become trainers and such effects the way they perceive effective training

Agency as assemblage: Using childhood artefacts and memories to examine children’s relations with schooling

In this article, we explore how childhood artefacts and memories might help us think retrospectively about children’s agency and its relationship to schooling and teaching. Across four university sites in Canada and the United States, we asked undergraduate students in teacher education and childhood studies programs to choose an artefact or object that encapsulates contemporary conceptions of childhood and to discuss them in a focus group setting at each site. Building on three participants’ descriptions of how they remembered and reflected upon school-oriented objects – a progress report, a notebook, and a pencil sharpener – we explore how participants used their artefacts in ways that allow us to theorize children’s agencies as assemblages, where agency is relational and contingent on multiple social and cultural factors. Drawing on our participants’ interpretations, we consider how a reconceptualized concept of agency may expand our understanding of the possibilities of children’s agencies in school and raise new questions about the meaning of childhood within contexts of teacher education and childhood studies

Filling in the Food Security Gaps: Examining The Farmers\u27 Market System in Norwalk, Connecticut

Farmers’ markets are seen as important venues for increasing access to nutritious food and mitigating chronic diseases. The 2016 Community Health Needs Assessment found chronic disease/obesity to be the primary health priority for the Greater Norwalk Region. In Norwalk, the prevalence of adult obesity reported in 2017 (22%) was significantly higher than the surrounding towns (11%). Farmers’ markets (FM) could be a potential approach to mitigating Norwalk’s chronic disease/obesity challenges through increasing access to nutritious food sources. While there are several small farmers’ markets held each summer in Norwalk, not much is known about the benefits and challenges of farmers’ market utilization in Norwalk from the perspectives of key stakeholders. The Norwalk Health Department hopes to increase farmers’ market usage as an approach to filling important food security gaps. The objectives of this study were as follows: Identify barriers and benefits of the Norwalk farmers’ market system from the perspective of consumers, farmers, and market managers in the Norwalk farmers’ market system, and increase community access to local, state, and federal resources.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ysph_pbchrr/1021/thumbnail.jp

CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL PAPEL DEL EQUINO Y SU BIENESTAR EN LA COMUNIDAD RURAL EN PANAMÁ

The horse plays a crucial role for the well-being and economy of Panamanian rural communities. To characterize the role played by these animals, FUCAEP carried out a survey of 500 rural families in 2019, which included open and closed questions about the use, feed, health, well-being and handling of the horses. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and the collection of information. The results of the study revealed that horses are essential for transportation, agricultural work and other activities, allowing rural families to improve their economy. However, this contribution is threatened by several factors, including lack of awareness about proper equine care, scarcity of economic resources, poverty, food insecurity, and lack of legal framework guaranteeing horse welfare. Therefore, it is imperative that both the owners and governmental entities collaborate to ensure the welfare of these animals and improve the quality of life of rural communities.El equino desempeña un papel fundamental para el bienestar y la economía de la comunidad rural panameña. Para caracterizar el rol que desempeñan estos animales, la FUCAEP llevó a cabo una encuesta con 500 familias rurales en 2019, que incluyó preguntas abiertas y cerradas acerca del uso, alimentación, salud, bienestar y manejo de los caballos.  Los datos se recopilaron a través de entrevistas, observaciones y la recolección de información. Los resultados del estudio muestran que el equino es crucial para el transporte, el trabajo agrícola y otras actividades, permitiendo a las familias rurales mejorar su economía. Sin embargo, esta contribución se encuentra amenazada por diversos factores, incluyendo la falta de conocimiento sobre los cuidados adecuados del caballo, la escasez de recursos económicos, la pobreza, la inseguridad alimentaria, y la falta de un marco legal sobre el cuidado de los equinos. Por lo tanto, es imperativo que los propietarios y las entidades gubernamentales trabajen de manera conjunta para garantizar el bienestar y mejorar la calidad de vida de los equinos

Widespread recombination, reassortment, and transmission of unbalanced compound viral genotypes in natural arenavirus infections.

Arenaviruses are one of the largest families of human hemorrhagic fever viruses and are known to infect both mammals and snakes. Arenaviruses package a large (L) and small (S) genome segment in their virions. For segmented RNA viruses like these, novel genotypes can be generated through mutation, recombination, and reassortment. Although it is believed that an ancient recombination event led to the emergence of a new lineage of mammalian arenaviruses, neither recombination nor reassortment has been definitively documented in natural arenavirus infections. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing to survey the viral diversity present in captive arenavirus-infected snakes. From 48 infected animals, we determined the complete or near complete sequence of 210 genome segments that grouped into 23 L and 11 S genotypes. The majority of snakes were multiply infected, with up to 4 distinct S and 11 distinct L segment genotypes in individual animals. This S/L imbalance was typical: in all cases intrahost L segment genotypes outnumbered S genotypes, and a particular S segment genotype dominated in individual animals and at a population level. We corroborated sequencing results by qRT-PCR and virus isolation, and isolates replicated as ensembles in culture. Numerous instances of recombination and reassortment were detected, including recombinant segments with unusual organizations featuring 2 intergenic regions and superfluous content, which were capable of stable replication and transmission despite their atypical structures. Overall, this represents intrahost diversity of an extent and form that goes well beyond what has been observed for arenaviruses or for viruses in general. This diversity can be plausibly attributed to the captive intermingling of sub-clinically infected wild-caught snakes. Thus, beyond providing a unique opportunity to study arenavirus evolution and adaptation, these findings allow the investigation of unintended anthropogenic impacts on viral ecology, diversity, and disease potential

Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative - Projected Linear Heat Generation Rate and Burnup Calculations

This report provides documentation of the physics analysis performed to determine the linear heat generation rate (LHGR) and burnup calculations for the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) tests, AFC-1D, AFC-1H, and AFC-1G. The AFC-1D and AFC-1H tests consists of low-fertile metallic fuel compositions and the AFC-1G test consists of non-fertile and low-fertile nitride compositions. These tests will be irradiated in the East Flux Trap (EFT) positions E1, E2, and E3, respectively, during Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) Cycle 135B

Childhood Memories of Playful Antics and Punishable Acts Risking an Imperfect Future of Teaching and Learning

This paper takes up the question of risk by examining childhood memories of nuisance-making and punishment shared by 26 participants enrolled in teacher education and/or childhood studies programs. Our analysis surfaces a tension that, on the one hand, idealizes the child as innocent instigator of playful antics and, on the other, produces a child who is guilty of punishable acts. We read these memories as an invitation to theorize a middle ground of the teacher’s role as one of introducing children to a world of limits, while also limiting the force of this very effort

Exploring Barriers to Primary Care Utilization in Transition-Age Males in Southern Connecticut

Optimus Health Care is a Joint Commission accredited and a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in Southern Connecticut, which serves thousands of male transition-age-youth per year. Attrition among males moving from pediatric to adult primary care is a nationally recognized issue. Literature suggests that there are three key barriers to young men seeking care: (1) concerns about confidentiality; (2) embarrassment and discomfort about disclosing their concerns; and (3) concerns about cost and accessibility (location, limited open hours). Studies highlight the importance of examining demographic trends and establishing consensus among transition protocols. This study seeks to assess the prevalence and magnitude of the young male attrition problem and evaluate transition services available to Optimus patients. This project will focus on the population of male transition age youth (TAY, 18-21 years old) who live within the Southern Connecticut areas (Bridgeport and Stamford) who move from pediatric to adult primary care at any one of Optimus Health Care’s locations.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ysph_pbchrr/1022/thumbnail.jp

Measuring & Mapping Mortality in the Elm City: Identifying and Addressing Health Inequities in New Haven with Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) and Other Health Determinants

Population health in the City of New Haven, including health care access, health outcomes, and mortality, is influenced by socioeconomic disparities. These disparities exist on both the individual and neighborhood scale, and across demographics such as age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Continued analyses to understand these disparities is imperative to elucidate public health concerns and to design and to implement appropriate initiatives and interventions. The objectives of this study were as follows: To measure the leading causes of death, average life expectancy, and premature death in New Haven using mortality data and stratifying by key variables including age, sex, race, and ethnicity, and to characterize the relationships between mortality, geographic location, and other demographic variables.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ysph_pbchrr/1019/thumbnail.jp

Interfaith Approach to Elder Abuse: Developing a Screening Tool to Assist Faith Leaders Reporting of Elder Abuse

Background: Elder abuse is a complex public health issue that is receiving more media attention. The National Academies of Sciences defined elder abuse as either creating intentional harm or serious risk of harm towards a vulnerable elder, or the failure to satisfy the basic needs of an elder and protect them from harm (2002).Lachs and Pillemer (2004) reviewed the clinical and legal reports on elder abuse and have identified five main types: physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual assault, material exploitation, and neglect. Previous research has demonstrated elders who have been abused to have higher rates of depression and chronic stress (Comijs et al., 1999), increased rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (Goldstein, 1996), increased helplessness, social isolation, and anxiety (Soloman, 1983; Booth, Bruno, and Marin, 1996), as well as decreased physical health outcomes (Lachs et al., 1998). Past research also demonstrates elders maintaining a strong relationship with their religious identity (Young and Dowling, 1987). Additionally, elders consider faith leaders at a high level of trust almost as important as the level of trust displayed toward their own family members (Daciuk, 2000). Main objectives: 1.) Provide basic information on elder abuse in Connecticut, 2.) Assess baseline knowledge and attitudes of elder abuse among faith leaders, 3.) Identify existing barriers that faith leaders may face when they suspect elder abuse, and 4.) Create a culturally relevant tool for faith leaders to detect elder abuse. Conclusion: The faith leader surveys and the semi-structured interview data collected on elder abuse detection and reporting and elder’s faith experiences in Southern Connecticut, respectively, is critical information to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity of elder justice. Future directions include pilot testing, reviewing, and eventually disseminating the Digital Detection Tool for Faith Leaders in Southern Connecticut to assist faith leaders in detecting and reporting elder abuse.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ysph_pbchrr/1046/thumbnail.jp