356 research outputs found
A Fixed-Target ExpeRiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC) : luminosities, target polarisation and a selection of physics studies
We report on a future multi-purpose fixed-target experiment with the proton
or lead ion LHC beams extracted by a bent crystal. The multi-TeV LHC beams
allow for the most energetic fixed-target experiments ever performed. Such an
experiment, tentatively named AFTER for "A Fixed-Target ExperRiment", gives
access to new domains of particle and nuclear physics complementing that of
collider experiments, in particular at RHIC and at the EIC projects. The
instantaneous luminosity at AFTER using typical targets surpasses that of RHIC
by more than 3 orders of magnitude. Beam extraction by a bent crystal offers an
ideal way to obtain a clean and very collimated high-energy beam, without
decreasing the performance of the LHC. The fixed-target mode also has the
advantage of allowing for spin measurements with a polarised target and for an
access over the full backward rapidity domain up to xF ~ - 1. Here, we
elaborate on the reachable luminosities, the target polarisation and a
selection of measurements with hydrogen and deuterium targets.Comment: 6 pages. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quarks
and Nuclear Physics QNP2012 (16-20 April 2012, Ecole Polytechnique,
Palaiseau,France
Spin physics at A Fixed-Target ExpeRiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC)
We outline the opportunities for spin physics which are offered by a next
generation and multi-purpose fixed-target experiment exploiting the proton LHC
beam extracted by a bent crystal. In particular, we focus on the study of
single transverse spin asymetries with the polarisation of the target.Comment: Contributed to the 20th International Spin Physics Symposium,
SPIN2012, 17-22 September 2012, Dubna, Russia, 4 pages, LaTe
Prospectives for A Fixed-Target ExpeRiment at the LHC: AFTER@LHC
We argue that the concept of a multi-purpose fixed-target experiment with the
proton or lead-ion LHC beams extracted by a bent crystal would offer a number
of ground-breaking precision-physics opportunities. The multi-TeV LHC beams
will allow for the most energetic fixed-target experiments ever performed. The
fixed-target mode has the advantage of allowing for high luminosities, spin
measurements with a polarised target, and access over the full backward
rapidity domain --uncharted until now-- up to x_F ~ -1.Comment: 6 pages, 1 table, LaTeX. Proceedings of the 36th International
Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP2012), 4-11 July 2012, Melbourne,
Australi
IRMPD spectroscopy sheds new (InfraRed) light on the sulfate pattern of carbohydrates
Contains fulltext :
169008.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access
Tests of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors for Active Target Time Projection Chambers in nuclear physics
Active target detection systems, where the gas used as the detection medium is also a target for nuclear reactions, have been used for a wide variety of nuclear physics applications since the eighties. Improvements in Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) and in micro-electronics achieved in the last decade permit the development of a new generation of active targets with higher granularity pad planes that allow spatial and time information to be determined with unprecedented accuracy. A novel active target and time projection chamber (ACTAR TPC), that will be used to study reactions and decays of exotic nuclei at facilities such as SPIRAL2, is presently under development and will be based on MPGD technology. Several MPGDs (Micromegas and Thick GEM) coupled to a 2Ă2 mm2 pixelated pad plane have been tested and their performances have been determined with different gases over a wide range of pressures. Of particular interest for nuclear physics experiments are the angular and energy resolutions. The angular resolution has been determined to be better than 1° FWHM for short traces of about 4 cm in length and the energy resolution deduced from the particle range was found to be better than 5% for 5.5 MeV α particles. These performances have been compared to Geant4 simulations. These experimental results validate the use of these detectors for several applications in nuclear physics
De novo CNVs in bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia
An increased rate of de novo copy number variants (CNVs) has been found in schizophrenia (SZ), autism and developmental delay. An increased rate has also been reported in bipolar affective disorder (BD). Here, in a larger BD sample, we aimed to replicate these findings and compare de novo CNVs between SZ and BD. We used Illumina microarrays to genotype 368 BD probands, 76 SZ probands and all their parents. Copy number variants were called by PennCNV and filtered for frequency (10 kb). Putative de novo CNVs were validated with the z-score algorithm, manual inspection of log R ratios (LRR) and qPCR probes. We found 15 de novo CNVs in BD (4.1% rate) and 6 in SZ (7.9% rate). Combining results with previous studies and using a cut-off of >100 kb, the rate of de novo CNVs in BD was intermediate between controls and SZ: 1.5% in controls, 2.2% in BD and 4.3% in SZ. Only the differences between SZ and BD and SZ and controls were significant. The median size of de novo CNVs in BD (448 kb) was also intermediate between SZ (613 kb) and controls (338 kb), but only the comparison between SZ and controls was significant. Only one de novo CNV in BD was in a confirmed SZ locus (16p11.2). Sporadic or early onset cases were not more likely to have de novo CNVs. We conclude that de novo CNVs play a smaller role in BD compared with SZ. Patients with a positive family history can also harbour de novo mutations
Spin physics and TMD studies at A Fixed-Target ExpeRiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC)
We report on the opportunities for spin physics and Transverse-Momentum
Dependent distribution (TMD) studies at a future multi-purpose fixed-target
experiment using the proton or lead ion LHC beams extracted by a bent crystal.
The LHC multi-TeV beams allow for the most energetic fixed-target experiments
ever performed, opening new domains of particle and nuclear physics and
complementing that of collider physics, in particular that of RHIC and the EIC
projects. The luminosity achievable with AFTER@LHC using typical targets would
surpass that of RHIC by more that 3 orders of magnitude in a similar energy
region. In unpolarised proton-proton collisions, AFTER@LHC allows for
measurements of TMDs such as the Boer-Mulders quark distributions, the
distribution of unpolarised and linearly polarised gluons in unpolarised
protons. Using the polarisation of hydrogen and nuclear targets, one can
measure transverse single-spin asymmetries of quark and gluon sensitive probes,
such as, respectively, Drell-Yan pair and quarkonium production. The
fixed-target mode has the advantage to allow for measurements in the
target-rapidity region, namely at large x^uparrow in the polarised nucleon.
Overall, this allows for an ambitious spin program which we outline here.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, LaTeX. Proceedings of the Fourth
International Workshop on Transverse Polarisation Phenomena in Hard Processes
(Transversity 2014), 9-13 June, 2013, Chia, Ital
Campana points of bounded height on vector group compactifications
We initiate a systematic quantitative study of subsets of rational points
that are integral with respect to a weighted boundary divisor on Fano
orbifolds. We call the points in these sets Campana points. Earlier work of
Campana and subsequently Abramovich shows that there are several reasonable
competing definitions for Campana points. We use a version that delineates well
different types of behaviour of points as the weights on the boundary divisor
vary. This prompts a Manin-type conjecture on Fano orbifolds for sets of
Campana points that satisfy a klt (Kawamata log terminal) condition. By
importing work of Chambert-Loir and Tschinkel to our set-up, we prove a log
version of Manin's conjecture for klt Campana points on equivariant
compactifications of vector groups.Comment: 52 pages; minor revision, changes in the definition of Campana point
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