88 research outputs found

    Hybrid MHD/PIC simulation of a metallic gas-puff z pinch implosion

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    We present the hybrid MHD/PIC simulations of the time evolution of a bismuth metallic gas-puff z pinch in external axial magnetic field (AMF). Recent experiments with IMRI-5 generator (450 kA, 450 ns) [1] show the certain effect of an axial magnetic field on radiation energy produced during z pinch implosion. In order to perform the numerical simulation of gas puff z pinch a hybrid model was developed. The hybrid model treats the electrons as a massless fluid and ions as macroparticles. The macroparticle dynamic is calculated with the use of PIC method. Ion-ion Coulomb collision is considered with the use of MC method. The radiation transfer of bismuth plasma was accounted in the framework of P1 method. The interelectrode gap pumping by plasma of 8 ΞΌs 80 kA bismuth arc with the following plasma implosion by 450 kA / 450 ns current pulse in different external AMF was modelled. The obtained results are in a reasonable agreement with the experimental results. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No. 16-19-10142)

    ЭффСктивная ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΡŒ повСрхности ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ распрСдСлСния плотности Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°

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    ΠœΠ°Π³Π½Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ (ΠœΠšΠ“) Ρ” ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡŽ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ слабких ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π², які Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π² сСрці ΠΏΡ–Π΄ час ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ функціонування. ΠœΠšΠ“ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ виміряна Π·Π° допомогою Π½Π°Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Ρ–Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² (Π‘ΠšΠ’Π†Π”), які ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡŽΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ–ΠΊ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡƒΠ³Ρƒ, Ρ– Ρ” Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ для виявлСння ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ. Π£ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π· ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»Ρƒ Ρ‰Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– струму ΠΌΡ–ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Π°. ΠžΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½Ρ– Π²Ρ–Π΄ часу для Ρ†Ρ–Π»ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ–Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° 4 частини ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»Ρƒ Ρ‰Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– струму.Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a technique of measuring the weak magnetic fields generated in the heart during its functioning. MCG can be measured using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) sensor that converts magnetic flux to voltage, and is the most sensitive sensor to detect magnetism. In this paper, analysis of myocardium current density distribution maps is proposed. Effective surface area dependence on time for full and divided into 4 parts current density distribution maps is obtained.ΠœΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡ (ΠœΠšΠ“) являСтся ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ измСрСния слабых ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, создаваСмых Π² сСрдцС Π²ΠΎ врСмя Π΅Π³ΠΎ функционирования. ΠœΠšΠ“ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ свСрхпроводящих ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (Π‘ΠšΠ’Π˜Π”), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² напряТСниС, ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ для обнаруТСния ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ прСдлагаСтся Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ распрСдСлСния плотности Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ эффСктивной ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΡŒ повСрхности ΠΎΡ‚ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ для Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° 4 части ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ распрСдСлСния плотности Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°

    The Effects of Preheating of a Fine Tungsten Wire and the Polarity of a High-Voltage Electrode on the Energy Characteristics of an Electrically Exploded Wire in Vacuum

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    Results obtained from experimental and numerical studies of tungsten wires electrical explosion in vacuum are presented. The experiments were performed both with and without preheating of the wires, using positive or negative polarity of a high-voltage electrode. Preheating is shown to increase energy deposition in the wire core due to a longer resistive heating stage. The effect was observed both in single wire and wire array experiments. The evolution of the phase state of the wire material during explosion was examined by means of one-dimensional numerical simulation using a semiempirical wide-range equation of state describing the properties of tungsten with allowance made for melting and vaporization.Comment: 9 pages, 9 Postscript figure

    On Hybrid Type of Cathode Attachment in High Current Vacuum Arcs

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    This paper discusses the issues of a possible change of the type of cathode attachment of high-current vacuum arcs (HCVA) with an average cathode current density of more than 105 A/cm2. This type of HCVA is used as pumping plasma gun in experiments with plasma puff z-pinches. These experiments showed that the measured linear mass of the HCVA plasma jet is much higher (by a factor of 10 or more) than the expected mass, which can be obtained from the assumption that cathode attachment occurs only through a multitude of cathode spots emitting supersonic plasma jets. It is shown that in HCVA of the type under consideration, at some time instant there are two types of cathode attachments - cathode spots and thermionic erosion attachment (TEA). It can be said that HCVA of this type have a hybrid cathodic attachment. Unlike cathode spots, TEA produces a subsonic plasma flow, which contributes to an increase in the linear mass of the HCVA plasma jet. Β© 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

    Π’Π†Π”Π‘Π†Π  Π†ΠΠ€ΠžΠ ΠœΠΠ’Π˜Π’ΠΠ˜Π₯ ΠŸΠžΠšΠΠ—ΠΠ˜ΠšΠ†Π’ Π’ΠΠ Π†ΠΠ‘Π•Π›Π¬ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π† РИВМУ Π‘Π•Π Π¦Π― – ΠœΠΠ ΠšΠ•Π Π†Π’ Π Π•ΠΠšΠ¦Π†Π‡ НА Π•ΠœΠžΠ¦Π†Π™ΠΠ† Π‘Π’Π˜ΠœΠ£Π›Π˜

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    On the basis of multivariate statistical analysis developed method for the separation of informative indicators of heart rate variability (HRV), which have diagnostic value for the objective assessment of operator's emotional reaction from watching emotive videos. The technique consists of two stages: 1) multivariate analysis of variance; 2) stepwise discriminate analysis with different strategies of feature selection. The total average classification accuracy 4 states of operators by 10 informative indices (two of which are indicators of the results of self -report and other indicators HRV) reached 95.7 %.На основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ статистичСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° двухэтапная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° выдСлСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ° сСрдца (Π’Π Π‘), ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ для ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ‹. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° состоит ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… этапов: 1) ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ диспСрсионного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°; 2) пошагового дискриминантного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ стратСгиями ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ срСдняя Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ классификации Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ… состояний ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ 10 ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ показатСлям (Π΄Π²Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… - ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ самоотчСта, Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ - Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°) достигала 95,7 %.На основі ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ статистичного Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ виділСння Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² Π²Π°Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ сСрця (Π’Π Π‘), Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ діагностичну Ρ†Ρ–Π½Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ для ΠΎΠ±'Ρ”ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² Π½Π° Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±Π°Ρ€Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– Π²Ρ–Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ»Ρ–ΠΏΠΈ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π· Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ… Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΏΡ–Π²: 1) Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ диспСрсійного Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ; 2) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дискримінатного Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ Π· Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ стратСгіями Π²Ρ–Π΄Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ. Π—Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° сСрСдня Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ класифікації Ρ‡ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡŒΠΎΡ… станів ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² Π·Π° 10 Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π΄Π²Π° Π· яких - Π·Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ самозвіту, Π° Ρ–Π½ΡˆΡ– ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡƒ) досягала 95,7 %

    Formation of double shell during implosion of plasma metal puff Z-pinches

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    This work presents the results of experimental and theoretical research of impact of tailored density profile and application of external axial magnetic field on initial spatial distribution of the plasma density in the plasma metal puff Z-pinch and on its implosion dynamics. It has been discovered that upon implosion of the plasma metal puff Z-pinch some stripes interpreted as the system of two coaxial shells appear on the optical images. With the help of numerical simulation, the formation of the plasma liner consisting of a mixture of carbon and bismuth ions and formed by the expansion of the plasma jet of the arc burning on the bismuth electrode has been considered in this work. It has been shown that the lightweight carbon ions facilitate formation of the density distribution smoothly decreasing with the increase in radius, that, in turn, leads to suppression of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the current sheath upon further implosion. It has also been demonstrated that availability of the two types of ions in plasma considerably different in mass leads to formation (in the compression phase) of a double shell with externally located heavy ions. It has also been revealed that the application of the external axial magnetic field leads to reduction in the plasma metal puff Z-pinch initial diameter. Β© 2020 Author(s).This work was funded by Russian Science Foundation. Project No. 19–19-00127

    Anomalous diffusion as a signature of collapsing phase in two dimensional self-gravitating systems

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    A two dimensional self-gravitating Hamiltonian model made by NN fully-coupled classical particles exhibits a transition from a collapsing phase (CP) at low energy to a homogeneous phase (HP) at high energy. From a dynamical point of view, the two phases are characterized by two distinct single-particle motions : namely, superdiffusive in the CP and ballistic in the HP. Anomalous diffusion is observed up to a time Ο„\tau that increases linearly with NN. Therefore, the finite particle number acts like a white noise source for the system, inhibiting anomalous transport at longer times.Comment: 10 pages, Revtex - 3 Figs - Submitted to Physical Review

    Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ количСства Π±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² для расчСта Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ сигналами Π­Π­Π“ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹

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    Π’ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– розглянуто ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ визначСння Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— для ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ взаємозв’язку ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ сигналами Π•Π•Π“ Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Ρ–Π½Ρ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° значСннях Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—, які Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π±Ρ–Π½Ρ–Π². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ застосуванні ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ сигналів Π•Π•Π“ Ρ‚Π° ΠšΠ Π“ Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ застосований ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρ– взаємозв’язку ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ сигналами Π•Π•Π“ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°Ρ…, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ‚Π°ΡˆΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– поряд Π°Π±ΠΎ симСтрично, Π·Π³Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π· ΡΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡŽ 10-20. Для Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ сигналами Π•Π•Π“ Ρ‚Π° ΠšΠ Π“, Ρ‰ΠΎ пов’язані Ρƒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡˆΡ–ΠΉ ΠΌΡ–Ρ€Ρ–, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ застосований для ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обсягу Π²ΠΈΠ±Ρ–Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ.In the present work the problem of optimal bin number selection for equidistant Mutual Information (MI) estimator between electroencephalogram (EEG) and cardiorhythmogram (CRG) is addressed. In the previously developed method the bin number selected based on the finding an optimal bin number on the MI values on the range of bin numbers. With application to the real raw EEG and CRG signals it was found that for closely placed or symmetrical channels of EEG data the method can be applied, and the true value of MI value can be found with proposed method. In application to MI calculation between raw EEG and CRG signals that are not significantly coupled, true MI value cannot be estimated with proposed method for small sample size.Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ рассмотрСн ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ опрСдСлСния Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ сигналами Π­Π­Π“ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ количСство Π±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² выбираСтся Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ сигналам Π­Π­Π“ ΠΈ ΠšΠ Π“ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ взаимосвязи ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ сигналами Π­Π­Π“ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°Ρ…, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ располоТСны рядом ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ симмСтрично, Π² соотвСтствии с систСмой 10-20. Для Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ сигналами Π­Π­Π“ ΠΈ ΠšΠ Π“, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ связаны Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ мСньшСй ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ значСния Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠΈ

    Study of the ion plasma flow generated by a high-current vacuum arc

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    The vacuum arc discharge is intensively explored for a long time. It acts as a source of multiply charged plasma. The results of the special type plasma gun (5-10 kA, 12 ΞΌs) ion flow study with high temporal resolution and the electrode erosion dependences on the amplitude of the current pulse are presented in the research. The ion flow intensity had good reproducibility from series to series, while the values of total mass erosion differ significantly for different series of experiments under the same conditions. The ion erosion was measured to be significantly higher than that for arc sources with currents up to 1 kA. Β© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research,Β RFBR: 17-02-00346,Β 18-08-00547Russian Academy of Sciences,Β RAS18-2-2-16This work was supported in part by RFBR (grant Nos. 17-02-00346, 18-08-00547, 19-08-00783, 19-58-53006), by RAS Program (project No. 11) and UB RAS Program (project No. 18-2-2-16)
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