Una aproximación al estudio de la odontología en el mundo griego

A complete picture of the History of Dentistry in the Greek World from Homer to the Hellenistic period with a special attention to the dental growth and tooth eruption, oral patology and tooth extraction. This special medica) branch is not independent at this period, but it is contained in the History of Medicine.A complete picture of the History of Dentistry in the Greek World from Homer to the Hellenistic period with a special attention to the dental growth and tooth eruption, oral patology and tooth extraction. This special medica) branch is not independent at this period, but it is contained in the History of Medicine

Un estudio de los textos referentes a los dientes en la época romana, desde los etruscos hasta la caída del Imperio Romano

Al igual que ocurre en los tratados médicos en Grecia, no hay trabajos específicos sobre literatura dental en los autores que hacen referencia al estudio del diente, sino que sigue incluido este apartado en lo que podóamos llamar medicina general. Sin embargo, sí que podemos adelantar una diferencia clara entre los textos odontológicos en Grecia y en Roma, que se observa a través de los fragmentos que presentamos: aunque es de todos conocido que la medicina romana es una continuación de la medicina griega, de cuyas fuentes emana el conocimiento de esta área del saber, sin embargo se irá apartando paulatinamente de la trayectoria científica comenzada por la escuela de Cos, y llegará con Plinio a estar en manos de la magia y superstición. Es decir, será "más medicina" en tanto en cuanto no se vea desligada de las teoóas preconizadas por el conocimiento griego en esta materia. Y este hecho afectará también de una manera más significativa a la Odontología, como parte que es de la Medicina.With the present study we try to review the most relevant writers who, in sorne way, have focus on Dentistry. By this, we therefore want to achieve a particular vision on Dentistry in the Roman times, though it might be, somehow, a parcial one; in order to do this, we will pay more attention to what we may cal! the dental physiopatology: its constitution, diseases and treatment for the illness that may be derived from its bad condition

Oral manifestations of Cowden?s disease : presentation of a clinical case

Cowden?s disease, or multiple hamartoma syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis, characterized by the presence of multiple cutaneous hamartomas, oral fibromas and benign acral keratosis. It affects multiple organs (breast, thyroids, stomach, colon), with the strong possibility of malignant neoplasia developing in these organs. We present a case of this rare syndrome, highlighting the presentation of some clinical characteristics that, in suspected cases, can help to establish an early diagnosis of this disease, this being of great importance given the high frequency of tumors in people with this clinical picture

Oral lesions and immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV+/AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. : Epidemiological evidence

Objective: To determine whether opportunistic oral infections associated to HIV infection (OOI-HIV) are found in HIV+/AIDS patients with immune reconstitution related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods. From among 1100 HIV+/AIDS patients (Service of Internal Medicine, Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain) subjected to review of the oral cavity between January 1996 and May 2007, we identified those examined in 1996 and which were again examined between 1997 and 2007, and were moreover receiving HAART. The following data were collected: age, gender, form of contagion, antiretroviral therapy at the time of review, number of CD4+ lymphocytes/ml, and viral load (from 1997 onwards). We identified those subjects with an increase in CD4+ lymphocytes/ml associated to HAART, and classified them as subjects with quantitative evidence of immune reconstitution (QEIR). Among these individuals with QEIR we moreover identified those with undetectable viral loads (QEIR+VL), and differentiated those patients with an increase in CD4+ lymphocytes >500/ml (QEIRm+VL). In each group we determined the prevalence of OOI-HIV, following the diagnostic recommendations of the EC-Clearinghouse (CDCAtlanta, USA - WHO). In addition, we analyzed the prevalence of OOI-HIV in the different groups in relation to the duration of HAART. Results. A total of 86 subjects were included (44 females and 42 males; 19 heterosexuals, 34 male homosexuals, and 33 intravenous drug abusers). Forty-two patients showed QEIR: 21 belonged to the QEIR+VL group, and 17 conformed the QEIRm+VL group. The prevalence of OOI-HIV per group was as follows: QEIR = 54.8%; QEIR+VL = 33%; QEIRm+VL = 35%. The most prevalent lesion in all groups was erythematous candidiasis. OOI-HIV increased with the duration of HAART (p = 0.008), and were seen to be dependent upon late appearance of the mycotic lesions (after 24 months under HAART). Conclusions: It is suggested that opportunistic oral infections associated to HIV infection form part of the clinical picture of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, though such infections are of late onset

Hiperplasia epitelial focal: una rara enfermedad en nuestro medio

La hiperplasia epitelial focal es una afección benigna asintomática y de muy baja frecuencia en nuestro medio. Aparece como pápulas en labio inferior principalmente, aunque se pueden localizar en mucosa retrocomisural y lengua y con menos frecuencia en labio superior, encía y paladar. Presentamos un caso clínico de una niña de 9 años, saharaui con lesiones que clínica e histológicamente se corresponden con una hiperplasia epitelial focal.Focal epithelial hyperplasia is a benign, asymptomatic disease, occurring with very low frequency within our population. It appears as papules, principally on the lower lip, although it can also be found on the retro-commissural mucosa and tongue, and less frequently on the upper lip, gingiva and palate. We present the clinical case of a 9-year-old Saharan girl with lesions that clinically and histologically corresponded to a focal epithelial hyperplasia

Papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome : presentation of a clinical case

Papular-Purpuric Glove-and-Sock Syndrome is a rare, infectious disease, of viral etiology, characterized by the presence of pruritus, edema and symmetrical erythema, very well defined at the wrists and ankles with a gloves-and-socks distribution. Other areas can be affected, with a moderate erythema appearing in cheeks, elbows, knees, armpits, abdomen, groin, external genitalia, internal face of the thighs and the buttocks. Erosions, small ulcers, enanthema and blisters can be observed in the oral cavity and lips, and less frequently in other mucous membranes. Complications are rare, although they can be severe, 50% of the published cases are related with the Parvovirus B19. Due to its oral involvement stomatologists should be aware of this syndrome in order to carry out a correct diagnosis of the disease