Avaliação do estado nutricional e intervenção dietética em atletas de Futebol americano de Petrolina-PE

The performance and wad of the athletes can be improved when they change their nutrition. The diet, which consist all nutrients, can preserve body composition, supports the functioning of the metabolic pathways associated with the sporting modality. In view of the above, the present study aimed to analyze anthropometric indicators, guide and intervene in the food standard of the players. The sample consisted of 40 male athletes aged 23.79 ± 4.92 years. Measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage (%G) estimated by bioelectrical impedance. The others measures were, the skin folds and perimeter of the arm, chest, waist, abdomen, hip, thigh and calf were measured, the food intake was evaluated using the 24-hour Dietary Recall (R24ec). No statistical difference was observed in the comparison between defense and attack groups, in weight, BMI and muscle mass. However, a statistical difference was observed in the percentage of fat between the attack groups (29.22 ± 8.47, n=10; p=0.0316). After the dieting intervention, there were no significant differences between the parameters for BMI, %G, %MM and SBP, of the athletes in the different positions of the team. Meanwhile there was a significant difference for diastolic pressure. The nutrition it is a factor that adds to performance in the field. The higher the body mass of fat, the lower the yield, as well as the greater the risk of cardiovascular diseases and bone fracture. Conclusion: The results taken together show the moderate risk of the players having future metabolic changes.O desempenho e o bem-estar de atletas podem ser melhorados com a modificação de sua alimentação. Através de alimentação constituída de todos os nutrientes, afim de preservar a sua composição corporal, favorecer o funcionamento das vias metabólicas associadas à modalidade desportiva. Nesse sentido, o estudo objetivou analisar indicadores antropométricos, orientar e intervir no padrão alimentar dos jogadores. A amostra foi composta por 40 atletas do sexo masculino com idade 23,79 ± 4,92 anos. Foram realizadas medidas de estatura, peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e percentual de gordura (%G) estimada por bioimpedância, foram aferidos as dobras cutâneas e o perímetro do braço, peitoral, cintura, abdome, quadril, coxa e panturrilha, a ingestão alimentar foi avaliada através do consumo alimentar de 24 horas. Não foi observada diferença estatística na comparação entre grupos defesa e ataque, no peso, no IMC e na massa muscular. Entretanto, foi visto diferença estatística no percentual de gordura entre os grupos ataque (29,22 ± 8,47, n=10; p=0.0316). Após a intervenção alimentar não houve diferenças significativas entre os parâmetros para IMC, %G, %MM e PAS, dos atletas nas diferentes posições da equipe. Mas houve diferença significativa para a pressão diastólica. A nutrição é um fator que contribui para o seu desempenho em campo. Sabe-se que quanto maior a massa corpórea de gordura, menor o rendimento, assim como maior o risco de doenças cardiovasculares e traumas ósseos. Os resultados tomados em conjunto revelam o risco moderado dos jogadores apresentarem alterações metabólicas futuras. ABSTRACT Nutritional status evaluation and dietary intervention in American Football players in Petrolina-PEThe performance and wad of the athletes can be improved when they change their nutrition. The diet, which consist all nutrients, can preserve body composition, supports the functioning of the metabolic pathways associated with the sporting modality. In view of the above, the present study aimed to analyze anthropometric indicators, guide and intervene in the food standard of the players. The sample consisted of 40 male athletes aged 23.79 ± 4.92 years. Measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage (%G) estimated by bioelectrical impedance. The others measures were, the skin folds and perimeter of the arm, chest, waist, abdomen, hip, thigh and calf were measured, the food intake was evaluated using the 24-hour Dietary Recall (R24ec). No statistical difference was observed in the comparison between defense and attack groups, in weight, BMI and muscle mass. However, a statistical difference was observed in the percentage of fat between the attack groups (29.22 ± 8.47, n=10; p=0.0316). After the dieting intervention, there were no significant differences between the parameters for BMI, %G, %MM and SBP, of the athletes in the different positions of the team. Meanwhile there was a significant difference for diastolic pressure. The nutrition it is a factor that adds to performance in the field. The higher the body mass of fat, the lower the yield, as well as the greater the risk of cardiovascular diseases and bone fracture. Conclusion: The results taken together show the moderate risk of the players having future metabolic changes

Western-style diet changes murinometric and metabolic parameters of rat offspring in time-specific windows / A dieta do estilo ocidental altera parâmetros murinométricos e metabólicos da própria de rat em janelas específicas

The present study evaluated the effects of the western-style diet in the time-specific windows of rodents. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups fed on a Control diet during all experimental period (CC); a western-style diet after lactation (CW); and a westernized diet throughout entire experimental period (WW). Body weight, food and energy intake, abdominal fat, glucose tolerance, biochemical parameters and serum hormones were evaluated. Higher body weight (CC=408.6±11.3g; CW=474.1±9.2g; WW=475.8±16.3g, p<0.001), increased abdominal fat (CC=12.6±0.8g; CW=34.1± 2.3g; WW=33.2± 2.4g, p<0.001), reduced food intake (CC=26.3±0.8g; CW=17.0±0.6; WW=18.4±0.9g, p<0.001), and similar energetic intake were found among the groups fed on the western-style diet regardless to the exposure time. Also, the area under the curves of glucose tolerance test, glucose, triacylglycerol, VLDL-c and total cholesterol blood levels were higher in the western-style diet groups compared to the control groups (p<0.01). However, levels of hormones were different according to specific windows of dietary exposure. The CW group showed higher corticosterone (CC=263.4± 109.1;CW= 339.9±16.6; WW=305.5±16.2ng/mL, p<0.001) and leptin levels (CC=8.2 0.7;CW=14.5 1.4;WW=9.1 0.7ng/mL p<0.001); and the WW group showed raised insulin levels (CC=6.7±0.3;CW=8.0±0.3;WW=10.5±0.8ng/mL, p<0.001). Then, the western-style diet enhanced signals of metabolic imbalance in both groups, but the outcomes varied according to the windows of dietary exposure

Is caffeine recommended before exercise? A systematic review to investigate its impact on cardiac autonomic control via heart rate and its variability

Evaluating different doses of caffeine (CAF) on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) during and following exercise in order to assess its impact on autonomic control. We intended to evaluate the influence of CAF as a supplement before exercise on HRV through a systematic review. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases from 2010 to 2019 and followed the protocol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). Blind randomized designs and controlled trials that reported the influence of CAF on HRV during exercise and during recovery from exercise, with strength of evidence assessed using the GRADE system; the search for the studies was organized using the PICOS strategy. A total of 1797 articles were recognized, following the screening and eligibility stages, 9 studies continued to the final sample. Six studies reported that the combination of CAF supplementation with physical exercise exhibited higher HR when compared to the placebo group during post-exercise recovery; additionally, prolonged activation of sympathetic cardiac control and delayed parasympathetic reactivation following exercise was observed. However, three studies demonstrated no CAF influence when using similar doses. This review observed equivocal results in HR and HRV recovery following exercise with the presence of CAF consumption. These findings cannot confirm the cardiac autonomic changes observed where entirely due to the influence of CAF, and further studies should be performed to better understand this relationship

Avaliação do estado de hidratação de um time de atletas de futebol americano do sertão brasileiro

O Futebol americano é caracterizado como um esporte que proporciona uma demanda física específica aos atletas e suas necessidades de água durante o treinamento e os jogos aumentam. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional e o estado de hidratação de atletas de uma equipe de futebol americano do Sertão Brasileiro. A amostra foi composta por 28 atletas amadores saudáveis. Os parâmetros de hidratação foram avaliados com a intervenção de água mineral e água de coco, coleta pré e pós-treinamento de urina para averiguar parâmetros bioquímicos como pH, densidade, Coloração e pré e pós-treino e verificação de peso, para cálculo de % perda de peso e temperatura e umidade relativa do ar.  A avaliação nutricional foi realizada por meio de medidas de peso, IMC, circunferências, Razão-Cintura-Quadril, percentual de gordura e músculo. Também foram avaliados pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, saturação de oxigênio e glicemia. O estudo mostrou hidratação dos atletas de acordo com a perda de peso menor que 1%, contudo, os aspectos de densidade e pH urinário após intervenção com água mineral e água de coco, possibilitaram identificar o estado de desidratação dos atletas no, pós treino. Além disso, as condições climáticas da região podem ter impactado diretamente os resultados obtidos. Ambos os grupos de atletas, apresentaram-se com peso e IMC elevado de acordo com sexo e idade, assim como o percentual de gordura e o de massa muscular. Sendo necessário o acompanhamento individual destes atletas, a fim de evitar o desenvolvimento de agravos à saúde

Does bariatric surgery improve cardiac autonomic modulation assessed by heart rate variability? A systematic review

Objectives. Our study aimed to explore the influence of Bariatric Surgery (BS) on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) through a systematic review. Data Sources. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases from the inception of each database up to year 2020 and followed the PRISMA protocol. Searching of these studies was systematized using the PICOS strategy. Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies. We selected randomized and non-randomized controlled trials and cohorts’ prospective studies that reported the influence of BS on HRV. We assessed the quality rating using the Black and Downs questionnaire. Results. Following the screening and eligibility stages, 14 studies were included in the review. All studies agreed that BS promotes an increase in parasympathetic HR control and HRV and, a decrease in HR. Yet, the literature does not provide evidence that this outcome was directly caused by the surgical procedure. There is limited evidence to support that patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (TDM2) have greater improvement in HRV as an interim measure, to individuals without. The decrease in insulin resistance was correlated with the increase in HRV in some studies, but, other studies are unsupportive of this outcome. Improvements in two metabolic parameters (e.g., Leptin, NT-proBNP) were connected with a superior increase in HRV

Avaliação do estado nutricional e intervenção dietética em atletas de Futebol americano de Petrolina-PE

The performance and wad of the athletes can be improved when they change their nutrition. The diet, which consist all nutrients, can preserve body composition, supports the functioning of the metabolic pathways associated with the sporting modality. In view of the above, the present study aimed to analyze anthropometric indicators, guide and intervene in the food standard of the players. The sample consisted of 40 male athletes aged 23.79 ± 4.92 years. Measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage (%G) estimated by bioelectrical impedance. The others measures were, the skin folds and perimeter of the arm, chest, waist, abdomen, hip, thigh and calf were measured, the food intake was evaluated using the 24-hour Dietary Recall (R24ec). No statistical difference was observed in the comparison between defense and attack groups, in weight, BMI and muscle mass. However, a statistical difference was observed in the percentage of fat between the attack groups (29.22 ± 8.47, n=10; p=0.0316). After the dieting intervention, there were no significant differences between the parameters for BMI, %G, %MM and SBP, of the athletes in the different positions of the team. Meanwhile there was a significant difference for diastolic pressure. The nutrition it is a factor that adds to performance in the field. The higher the body mass of fat, the lower the yield, as well as the greater the risk of cardiovascular diseases and bone fracture. Conclusion: The results taken together show the moderate risk of the players having future metabolic changes.O desempenho e o bem-estar de atletas podem ser melhorados com a modificação de sua alimentação. Através de alimentação constituída de todos os nutrientes, afim de preservar a sua composição corporal, favorecer o funcionamento das vias metabólicas associadas à modalidade desportiva. Nesse sentido, o estudo objetivou analisar indicadores antropométricos, orientar e intervir no padrão alimentar dos jogadores. A amostra foi composta por 40 atletas do sexo masculino com idade 23,79 ± 4,92 anos. Foram realizadas medidas de estatura, peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e percentual de gordura (%G) estimada por bioimpedância, foram aferidos as dobras cutâneas e o perímetro do braço, peitoral, cintura, abdome, quadril, coxa e panturrilha, a ingestão alimentar foi avaliada através do consumo alimentar de 24 horas. Não foi observada diferença estatística na comparação entre grupos defesa e ataque, no peso, no IMC e na massa muscular. Entretanto, foi visto diferença estatística no percentual de gordura entre os grupos ataque (29,22 ± 8,47, n=10; p=0.0316). Após a intervenção alimentar não houve diferenças significativas entre os parâmetros para IMC, %G, %MM e PAS, dos atletas nas diferentes posições da equipe. Mas houve diferença significativa para a pressão diastólica. A nutrição é um fator que contribui para o seu desempenho em campo. Sabe-se que quanto maior a massa corpórea de gordura, menor o rendimento, assim como maior o risco de doenças cardiovasculares e traumas ósseos. Os resultados tomados em conjunto revelam o risco moderado dos jogadores apresentarem alterações metabólicas futuras. ABSTRACT Nutritional status evaluation and dietary intervention in American Football players in Petrolina-PEThe performance and wad of the athletes can be improved when they change their nutrition. The diet, which consist all nutrients, can preserve body composition, supports the functioning of the metabolic pathways associated with the sporting modality. In view of the above, the present study aimed to analyze anthropometric indicators, guide and intervene in the food standard of the players. The sample consisted of 40 male athletes aged 23.79 ± 4.92 years. Measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage (%G) estimated by bioelectrical impedance. The others measures were, the skin folds and perimeter of the arm, chest, waist, abdomen, hip, thigh and calf were measured, the food intake was evaluated using the 24-hour Dietary Recall (R24ec). No statistical difference was observed in the comparison between defense and attack groups, in weight, BMI and muscle mass. However, a statistical difference was observed in the percentage of fat between the attack groups (29.22 ± 8.47, n=10; p=0.0316). After the dieting intervention, there were no significant differences between the parameters for BMI, %G, %MM and SBP, of the athletes in the different positions of the team. Meanwhile there was a significant difference for diastolic pressure. The nutrition it is a factor that adds to performance in the field. The higher the body mass of fat, the lower the yield, as well as the greater the risk of cardiovascular diseases and bone fracture. Conclusion: The results taken together show the moderate risk of the players having future metabolic changes

Aplicação da avaliação subjetiva global produzida pelo paciente (ASG-PPP) e análise do consumo alimentar de pacientes oncológicos: antes e durante o tratamento

The objective of this article is to apply the subjective global assessment produced by the patient (SGA-PPP) and to analyze the food consumption of cancer patients before and during chemotherapy treatment in a High Complexity Oncology Unit in the São Francisco Valley. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted from March 2022 to February 2023. Patients who had recently been diagnosed with some type of cancer and who had not yet started treatment were included. The research was divided into two moments: evaluation before the beginning of treatment and after 3 to 4 months of the initial approach. Clinical, socioeconomic and demographic questionnaires, as well as the ELSA-Brazil Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) were applied to assess food consumption, as well as the SGA-PPP. Initially, 30 patients with a mean age of 60.20 ± 14.50 years were evaluated, and 40.00% (n=12) were reassessed. The most prevalent tumors were those of the gastrointestinal tract. In the initial evaluation, many patients already had a critical need for nutritional intervention. A comparison between the two research moments, with the patients reassessed, showed a worsening of the SGA-PPP score. As for food intake, the intake of fruits, vegetables and protein sources was more frequent in the reassessment, although many still do not consume daily. Thus, it is noteworthy that the increase in the percentages obtained in the FFQ reflected the frequency and not the amount consumed, since many patients reported a reduction in food intake in the SGA-PPP.  It is concluded that chemotherapy can impact food intake and worsen nutritional status, thus demonstrating the importance of nutritional monitoring of these patients.Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar o perfil nutricional de pacientes oncológicos com a aplicação da ASG-PPP e avaliar o consumo alimentar antes e durante o tratamento, em uma Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (UNACON), no Vale do São Francisco. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal, realizado no período de março de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023. Foram incluídos pacientes recém diagnosticados com algum tipo de câncer, que ainda não tivessem iniciado o tratamento. A pesquisa foi dividida em dois momentos: avaliação antes do início do tratamento e após 3 a 4 meses da abordagem inicial. Foram aplicados questionários clínico, socioeconômico e demográfico, e o de Frequência Alimentar (QFA - ELSA-BRASIL) para avaliação do consumo alimentar, bem como a ASG-PPP. Foram avaliados inicialmente 30 pacientes, com idade média de 60,20± 14,50 anos, e 40,00% (n=12) foram reavaliados. Os tumores mais prevalentes foram os do trato gastrointestinal. Na avaliação inicial, muitos pacientes já apresentavam necessidade crítica de intervenção nutricional. Fazendo uma comparativa entre os dois momentos de pesquisa, com os pacientes reavaliados, notou-se piora do escore da ASG-PPP. Quanto ao consumo alimentar, a ingestão de frutas, legumes, verduras e fontes proteicas foi mais frequente na reavaliação, apesar de muitos ainda não consumirem diariamente. Sendo assim, ressalta-se que o aumento dos percentuais obtidos no QFA, refletiu a frequência e não quantidade consumida, visto que muitos pacientes relataram redução da ingestão alimentar na ASG-PPP. Conclui-se que a quimioterapia pode impactar na ingestão alimentar e piora do estado nutricional, demonstrando assim a importância do acompanhamento nutricional desses pacientes

Avaliação do estado nutricional de funcionários de unidades de alimentação do vale do São Francisco

Uma Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN) visa fornecer refeições balanceadas e  promover alimentação saudável a sua clientela. Houve um crescente aumento de sobrepeso e obesidade na população nas últimas décadas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional de funcionários de Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição de dois restaurantes universitários um em Juazeiro-BA e o outro em Petrolina-PE. Foram avaliados um total de 24 pessoas, sendo coletado peso, altura, circunferência da cintura e do quadril, e percentual de gordura corporal, além de dados como etnia, sexo, idade e profissão. Utilizou-se o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), a relação/cintura quadril e a relação cintura/estatura para avaliar o estado nutricional do indivíduo. Foi observada a maior prevalência foi de indivíduos acima do peso com IMC maior que 24,9 kg/m², tendo circunferência da cintura elevada e excesso de gordura corporal. O presente estudo constatou a maior prevalência de excesso de peso, com de riscos de desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares nos trabalhadores, indicando que os objetivos do PAT precisam ser levados em consideração, fazendo-se necessário assistência nutricional nesse grupo. ABSTRACT Evaluation of the nutritional state of employee of feeding units of the São Francisco ValleyFood and Nutrition Unit (UAN) aims to provide balanced meals and promote healthy food to its clientele. There has been an increasing increase of overweight and obesity in the population in the last decades. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of employees of the Food and Nutrition Unit of two university restaurants in Juazeiro-BA and the other in Petrolina-PE. A total of 24 people were evaluated, including weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and percentage of body fat, as well as data such as ethnicity, sex, age and occupation. Body mass index (BMI), hip ratio and waist / height ratio were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the individual. The highest prevalence was observed among overweight individuals with BMI greater than 24.9 kg / m², having high waist circumference and excess body fat. The present study found a higher prevalence of overweight, with risks of developing cardiovascular diseases in workers, indicating that the objectives of the PAT need to be taken into account, making nutritional assistance necessary in this group