1,196 research outputs found
EficĂ cia dels psicoestimulants per al tractament de l'addicciĂł a la cocaĂŻna
En els darrers anys, Espanya s'ha convertit en un dels paĂŻsos capdavanters a la UniĂł Europea quant a consum de cocaĂŻna. Aquesta Ă©s una substĂ ncia prohibida en el marc legal europeu però es consumeix amb finalitats lĂşdiques, el que genera tant una addicciĂł fisiològica com psicològica. El deteriorament de la salut i de la vida social dels consumidors ha impulsat la recerca en tractaments per disminuir-ne el consum, bĂ sicament amb medicaments substitutius dels seus efectes. Els assajos clĂnics per provar-ne l'eficĂ cia han donat resultats esperançadors quan s'ha emprat la tècnica de la meta-anĂ lisi en el tractament de dades de diferents estudis.En los Ăşltimos años, España se ha convertido en uno de los primeros paĂses en la UniĂłn Europea en cuanto a consumo de cocaĂna. Ésta es una sustancia prohibida en el marco legal europeo pero se consume con fines lĂşdicos, lo que genera tanto una adicciĂłn fisiolĂłgica como psicolĂłgica. El deterioro de la salud y de la vida social de los consumidores ha impulsado la investigaciĂłn en tratamientos para disminuir el consumo de cocaĂna, básicamente con medicamentos sustitutivos de sus efectos. Los ensayos clĂnicos para probar su eficacia han dado resultados esperanzadores, al emplearse la tĂ©cnica del meta- análisis en el tratamiento de datos de diferentes estudios
El Camp d’Aprenentatge Valls d'Àneu
El Camp d’Aprenentatge Valls d’Àneu tĂ© la seva seu a Esterri d’Àneu, al Pallars SobirĂ . EstĂ situat en un medi tĂpic d’alta muntanya, on es conjuguen les activitats ramaderes, ara en forta regressiĂł, i les noves activitats turĂstiques, ara per ara poc impactants. Hi trobem un entorn natural on hi sĂłn ben representades les empremtes glacials, (amb els seus circs, estanys i valls glacials), on s’observen bĂ© els fenòmens de periglacialisme, com les tarteres i les allaus. La presència del Parc Nacional d’AigĂĽestortes i estany de Sant Maurici garanteix la bona conservaciĂł dels prats alpins, els boscos de pi negre i les avetoses, aixĂ com la presència de la fauna caracterĂstica de l’indret. Els pobles mil·lenaris, amb les seves esglĂ©sies d’origen romĂ nic i els seus retaules gòtics i barrocs, amb les cases i els coberts de pedra i llosa (“pissarres”), els camins medievals, les actuals construccions modernes, les centrals hidroelèctriques i fins i tot les pistes d’esquĂ, ens permetran reconstruir la història, tant passada com recent, i reviure la vida quotidiana de la gent de muntanya amb tots els seus canvis. Tot aquest patrimoni Ă©s el que ens permet d’elaborar una proposta educativa seriosa i alhora engrescadora. La motivaciĂł ens ve aportada pel gran contrast d’aquest entorn amb el de les escoles que hi fan estada
Enhancement of Maritime Safety and Economic Benefits of Short Sea Shipping Ship Routing
The relevance of ship routing system is increasing according to the mitigation of carbon emissions and enhance the maritime safety. New generation of high-resolution meteo-oceanographic predictions provides useful tools for routing of ship. However, scientific efforts have been focused on inter-oceanic routes. This contribution investigates the economic benefits and improvement on maritime safety of ship routing of Short Sea Shipping (SSS) routes. The investigation is supported with the development of a ship routing system based on a path finding algorithm and meteo-oceanographic predications. Results show that the economic benefits using ship routing in SSS is estimated in percentage of the total cost during energetic wave episodes. The work establishes the basis of further developments in optimal route applied in relatively short-distances and its systematic use in the SSS maritime industry.
In this work, the optimal ship routing analysis is investigated in a relative short distance maritime route between Barcelona and Palma de Mallorca (Spain). Dijkstra algorithm is implemented in order to obtain the optimal path under an energetic wave event. The methodology is based on the inclusion of the drag resistance due to waves. The results reveal how the wave direction has a relevant role in the optimum path due to the relative direction with the ship and the enhancement of the navigational safety.Postprint (published version
MONALISA 2.0 and the sea traffic management - a concept creating the need for new maritime information standards and software solutions
Postprint (published version
Epidemiology of drug-related deaths in European hospitals : A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
ANECAWe would like to thank the authors of the included studies: Professor Pertti Neuvonen and Dr Outi Lapatto-Reiniluoto from Finland, Dr Puche from Spain, and Dr Grévy from France for their help providing the lacking study data. The authors sincerely appreciate the help of Alethea Charlton for reviewing the language of this manuscript. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Aims: To perform a systematic review of observational studies on the epidemiology of drug-related death (DRD) in patients requiring hospitalisation or while hospitalised (hospital-acquired DRD). Methods: We conducted a systematic review of observational studies investigating the occurrence rate of DRD episodes among deceased inpatients. Two independent researchers assessed eligibility criteria, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias. Both quality assessment and meta-analysis were performed. Results: From 1351 identified potential studies, 6 retrospective studies were included. DRD occurrences rates were 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1-12.5) among deceased inpatients and 0.13% (95% CI 0.04-0.40) among hospitalised patients. During hospitalisation, acquired-DRD represented 2.7% (95% CI 1.0-6.9) of inpatient deaths and occurred in 0.05% (95% CI 0.01-0.23) of hospitalised patients. However, these estimates have to be viewed with caution because there was significant heterogeneity (I2 > 97%). None of the studies were considered to be at high risk of bias according to the criteria of the NIH Quality Assessment Tool. The most common adverse drug reactions related to death were haemorrhages due to antithrombotic drugs (39%, 95% CI 26.5-53.2) and infections in drug-immunosuppressed patients (27.5%, 95% CI 16.7-41.7). Conclusion: We found that the DRD occurrence rate of deceased hospital inpatients has been infrequently studied in Europe. Our findings suggest that drugs are an important cause of death in hospitals. The limited number of studies in European countries stresses the need for more research in this area
El Camp d’Aprenentatge Valls d'Àneu
El Camp d’Aprenentatge Valls d’Àneu tĂ© la seva seu a Esterri d’Àneu, al Pallars SobirĂ . EstĂ situat en un medi tĂpic d’alta muntanya, on es conjuguen les activitats ramaderes, ara en forta regressiĂł, i les noves activitats turĂstiques, ara per ara poc impactants. Hi trobem un entorn natural on hi sĂłn ben representades les empremtes glacials, (amb els seus circs, estanys i valls glacials), on s’observen bĂ© els fenòmens de periglacialisme, com les tarteres i les allaus. La presència del Parc Nacional d’AigĂĽestortes i estany de Sant Maurici garanteix la bona conservaciĂł dels prats alpins, els boscos de pi negre i les avetoses, aixĂ com la presència de la fauna caracterĂstica de l’indret. Els pobles mil·lenaris, amb les seves esglĂ©sies d’origen romĂ nic i els seus retaules gòtics i barrocs, amb les cases i els coberts de pedra i llosa (“pissarres”), els camins medievals, les actuals construccions modernes, les centrals hidroelèctriques i fins i tot les pistes d’esquĂ, ens permetran reconstruir la història, tant passada com recent, i reviure la vida quotidiana de la gent de muntanya amb tots els seus canvis. Tot aquest patrimoni Ă©s el que ens permet d’elaborar una proposta educativa seriosa i alhora engrescadora. La motivaciĂł ens ve aportada pel gran contrast d’aquest entorn amb el de les escoles que hi fan estada
Sistema de detección de grietas basado en el análisis espectral de la señal de resonancia
En este artĂculo se presenta un sistema de
detección de grietas sobre piezas metálicas sinterizadas,
diseñado como estrategia de control de calidad, para
su introducciĂłn en tiempo real dentro de la cadena de
producciĂłn de dichas piezas. El algoritmo de procesado
de señal se halla basado en el análisis espectral de la
señal medida a través de técnicas de resonancia ultrasónica.
El espectro se obtiene mediante la aplicaciĂłn
del algoritmo Chirp. A partir de los máximos del
mismo, coincidentes con las frecuencias de resonancia
de las piezas se calcula la distancia euclĂdea respecto
al vector de frecuencias de resonancia esperado. Mediante
la probabilidad de falsa alarma esperada se
apartan finalmente las piezas clasificadas como defectuosas.
El sistema ha sido testeado en diferentes
entornos de producciĂłn y con diferentes tipos de piezas,
dando en todas las situaciones resultados satisfactorios.Peer Reviewe
The Cocoon System : ecotechnology for ecological restoration and rainfed agriculture in the mediterranean basin
Ecological restoration projects of degraded natural areas or rainfed agriculture in the Mediterranean region, especially when they include the plantation of woody species, generally shown to be very expensive and inefficient, mainly due to the large number of leaks during the first summer drought. Even in cases where support irrigation is carried out, medium-term mortality rates remain high, as root systems developed under irrigation conditions present superficial growth being more vulnerable to drought episodes. One of the current initiatives to address this problem is the so-called "Cocoon". It is a 100% biodegradable device, built with recycled plant fibers. It is designed to reduce water stress for the planted seedlings during the first drought season, while also encouraging the development of a deep root system. This device has been successfully implemented in various countries around the world and in a wide range of different environmental conditions and objectives, from the restoration of areas affected by desertification to the recovery of agricultural uses in abandoned lands. Results after first summer drought demonstrate that Cocoon ecotechnology is working well, improving survival ratios and physiological state of the seedlings, despite its efficacy depends on the species and the environmental conditions of the site. Moreover, Cocoon is acting as refuge for some insects and could favor the growing of some commercially interesting fungi. In general, the perception of the agricultural and forestry owners, and the administrations involved, is very positive
Iberian motorways of the sea. An overview after 15 years of of Van Miert report
After 15 years of the Van Miert report proposing to include the Motorways of the Sea in the TEN-T schema, an overview wants to be done in the Iberian Peninsula scenario. In 2015 the Intra European trade (Eurostat, 2017) supposed around 11,263.4 millions of tons, being through Short Sea Shipping (SSS) up to 1.808,5 millions of tons and only the 13.6 % on Ro/Ro trades (246.04 millions of tons or the 2.2 % over the total volumes). In the case of Spanish Short Sea Shipping traffics raised to 196.668 millions of tons (234.7 millions of tons in 2016 from www.spc-spain.es) being only 15.33 millions of tonnes or 7.8 % under Ro/Ro schema. Keeping in mind these figures, it is asked which rate of success should be acquired with the maritime transport promotion policies in European Union. The proposed paper wants to analyse in deep, which reasons could explain the low volumes that still Intra European Short Sea Shipping gets. The analysis will begin with a review of the SSS and Motor Ways of the Sea official definition and after having a complete overview of traffic figures, to propose a model to analyse the best mode to connect different Iberian destinations offered to Consignors, in an attempt to transfer part of the cargo from road to sea option.Postprint (author's final draft
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