COMPARISON OF ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS, BIOMOTORICAL PERFORMANCE AND SKILL LEVELS OF 12-14 YEARS OLD BASKETBALL PLAYERS

In this study, it was aimed to compare the anthropometric characteristics, somatotype profiles, some biomotorical performances and basketball-specific skill levels of basketball players who were at different age levels, in adolescence period and were training with the same training methodology. The participants were 41 basketball players who were in the age range of 12-14 years, regularly trained and played basketball in the local youth setup leagues. The participants' body height, body weight, vertical jump, 1-mile run, aerobic power, anaerobic power, skinfold thickness (triceps, subscapula, suprailiac, calf), circumference (biceps flexion, calf), diameter measurements (humerus bicondylar, femur bicondylar) were made. Basketball-specific skills were determined using the Harrison Basketball Skill Test while the somatotype characteristics were determined according to the Heath-Carter method. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to determine whether the data were suitable for normal distribution. One-Way ANOVA test was used to examine the differences between the variables and Tukey test was used to investigate the cause of differences. Normality tests and other statistical analyses were performed at the significance level of 0.05. A significant difference was noted in humerus bicondylar diameters according to the age levels of basketball players and a statistical difference was detected in the data of vertical jump and anaerobic power in terms of biomotorical performance (p <0,05). The cause of this difference was found to be due to the fact that the humerus diameter, vertical jump and anaerobic power values in the age group of 14 age years were higher than the values of the other two age groups. No difference was found when the somatotype profiles and basketball-specific skill levels were compared according to age levels (p> 0,05). In conclusion, in our study group, we did not find any difference among other anthropometric characteristics, somatotype profiles, and basketball specific skills except humerus diameter. We suggest that the difference in the vertical jump and anaerobic power values of biomotorical performance is due to the increase in the strength ratio along with the increase in age level.   Article visualizations

Exploring the effect of physical activity level on balance, aerobic performance and cognitive function in young sedentary individuals

The study examined the effect of physical activity levels of young sedentary individuals on balance, aerobic performance and cognitive functions. The research group consisted of 44 young sedentary individuals (32 females; 12 males; age: 42.2 ± 9.6 years; the body height: 162.3 ± 7.8 cm, the body mass: 71.3 ± 14.6 kg, body mass index (BMI): 26.9 ± 5.1 kg/m2). The subjects were divided into two groups (“less active” and “more active”) according to the mean physical activity level of overall study sample. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was usedto estimate physical activity level (PAL). Static and proprioceptive balance performance was measured with the Sensamove Balance Test using the Miniboard device. Aerobic performance was evaluated with the 1-Mile Endurance Run/Walk Test. The Go/No-Go test and the d2 test of attention were used to determine cognitive functions. No significant difference was found in the comparison of the static balance performances of the more active and less active groups (p>0.05). It was determined that there was a significant difference in favor of the more active group in the proprioceptive balance performance results (?(1)2: 4.494; p>0.05; (Phi)3: 0.32). The level of physical activity did not make a significant difference on cognitive functions such as the inhibition and attention levels of the participants. PAL also did not affect the aerobic performance of participants. While being more active does not have an effect on static balance, aerobic performance and cognitive functions, it may provide an advantage for proprioceptive balance. © 2022, Editura Universitatii din Pitesti. All rights reserved

Relationship Between Soccer-Specific Skills and Skill-Related Fitness in Adolescent Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between soccer-specific skills and skill-related fitness in adolescent football players. Thirty male soccer players (age: 15.86 ± 0.69 years; football experience 7.10 ± 1.70 years) were recruited from a soccer team. Soccer players performed both soccer-specific skill tests and skill-related fitness tests. Soccer-specific skill tests included the Loughborough soccer passing test, Yeagley soccer test, Mor–Christian general soccer ability skill test, and the skill-related fitness tests consisted of the alternate-hand wall-toss test, countermovement jump test, sport-specific core muscle strength and stability plank test, pro-agility test, 20-m sprint test, and lower-quarter Y balance test. Pearson product-moment correlation analyses revealed a moderately positive correlation among the Mor–Christian general soccer ability skill test score (dribbling), pro-agility test score (r = 0.44, p = 0.01), and 20-m sprint time (r = 0.43, p = 0.01). There were no correlations among other variables for both the soccer-specific skill tests and skill-related fitness tests. Based on the findings of the study, we conclude that dribbling drills in soccer should be supported by agility and sprint exercises to increase dribbling speed by soccer trainers and soccer players

The Relationship of Shooting Skill with Functional Movement Performance and Attention Level of Basketball Players

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of shooting skill with the functional performances and attention levels of professional basketball players. Sixteen male basketball players (age = 20.6 ± 2.30) from university basketball team who were trained on regular basis participated in this study as volunteers. Participants' body height and body weight were measured and body mass indexes were calculated. D2 test of attention was utilized to determine the focus levels. Shooting skills were determined by shooting tests. Spearman Correlation Analysis was utilized to determine the correlation of shooting skill with functional movement performances and attention levels of participants. There was a moderate level of negative correlation (rho = -0.57; p<0.05) between the shooting skill scores and deep squat scores which is one of the functional movement performances. A moderate level of positive correlation (rho = 0.54; p<0.05) between TN-E (Total number of items processed-Total error score) scores and shooting skill scores were determined. Consequently, as the deep squat values of professional basketball players increases, the shooting skill decreases and with the increasing attention level, shooting skill increases

The Effects of Morphological Structure and Fatigue on the Passing Skill in Pre-Pubescent Basketball Players

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of morphological structures and fatigue levels of pre-pubescent basketball players on basketball passing skill. Twenty-three male basketball players (age = 10.5 ± 0.71) who train regularly participated in the study voluntarily. The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) Basketball Pass Test was used to determine participants' passing skills. To determine the fatigue intensity participants were required to perform as many squat thrusts as possible in one minute. The Heath-Carter method was used to determine somatotype characteristics. In the statistical analysis, Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient was used in determining the level of relationship between parameters, while Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to determine the difference between rest passing skill and fatigue passing skill. The endomorphic structure had a negative correlation with rest passing and fatigue passing scores (rho = -0.42, -0.55; p <0.05, p <0.01, respectively). The mesomorphic structure had a negative correlation with fatigue passing score (rho = -0.45; p <0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found with the fatigue passing score of the ectomorpic structure (rho = 0.58, p <0.01). Significant differences were found between the passing scores of basketball players' rest and fatigue (p<0.01). As a result, it was determined that both rest and fatigue passing scores decreased with the increased of the endomorphic structure representing the fatness feature and also fatigue passing scores decreased with the increased of the mesomorphic structure. But, fatigue passing score increased with the increased of the ectomorphic structures of basketball players. In addition, the results of the study showed that as the fatigue levels of pre-pubescent basketball players increased, the passing skill levels decreased

Assessment of multiple intelligence domains, socio economic levels and skills of basketball playersBasketbolcuların çoklu zeka alanları, sosyo-ekonomik düzeyleri ve becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Basketball is a sport in which physical characteristics give significant advantages to the player, the cognitive functions such as game intelligence, instinct and perception as virtues having vital importance in team play make distinction between the players, and different tactical strategies are used during the matches. . The purpose of our study is to determine the relation between skill levels and some physical parameters and the multi-intelligence domains of the basketball players, and also to compared the basketball specific skill levels and multi-intelligence domains according to their socio-economic levels. 42 basketball players with mean age of 13,71±0,82 year and the mean sporting experience of 4,21±1,52 year participated the study voluntarily. Anthropometric measurements of the sportsmen were conducted (body weight, height) and their Body Mass Indices (BMI) were calculated. . In determination of the multi intelligent domains, “Self Assessment Inventory at Multiple Intelligence Domains” was used. The questionnaire prepared by the researcher was applied on the basketball players to determine the socio-economic levels. In determination of basketball specific skills, Johnson Basketball Skill test was used. As a positive weak relation was determined between the age and sport experience of the players and the basketball-specific skill level (r: 0,303, r: 0,308, p&lt;0.05, respectively), a positive weak relation was determined between the skill level and the musical intelligence (r: 0,331; p&lt;0,05).  A significant difference was found in favor of the individuals who did sports in the family in terms of social intelligence score (p&lt;0,05). Consequently, it may be stated that age and sport experience has not high effect on the skill level. The effect of the musical / rhythmic intelligence on the skill of the weak may be due to the skill-required movements being performed in a certain rhythm. Sports contributes to the socialization process by providing to improve social skills such as communication, responsibility, empathy, cooperation and sharing. It can be evidence that the social intelligence levels of children who played sports in their family are high.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBasketbol, fiziksel özelliklerin ön plana çıkarak sporcuya avantaj sağladığı, takım oyunu içerisinde çok önemli etkiye sahip olan oyun zekası, sezgi, algılama gibi kognitif fonksiyonların sporcular arasında farklılık yarattığı ve müsabaka esnasında farklı taktiksel stratejilerin uygulandığı bir spordur. Çalışmanın öncelikli amacı basketbolcuların beceri düzeyleri ile bazı fiziksel özellikleri ve çoklu zeka alanları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi sonraki amacı ise sosyo-ekonomik düzeylerine göre basketbola özgü beceri düzeylerinin ve çoklu zeka alanlarının karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yaş ortalaması 13,71±0,82 yıl, spor yaşı ortalaması 4,21±1,52 yıl olan 42 basketbolcu çalışmamıza gönüllü olarak katılmıştır.Basketbolcuların fiziksel ölçümleri (vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu) alınarak, beden kitle indeksleri (BKİ) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çoklu zeka alanlarının belirlenmesinde “Çoklu Zekâ Alanlarında Kendilerini Değerlendirme Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan anket formu sosyo-ekonomik düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılmıştır. Basketbola özgü beceri düzeylerinin tespit edilmesinde ise Johnson Basketbol Beceri Testi kullanılmıştır. Spor yaşı ile basketbola özgü beceri arasında pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki tespit edilirken (r: 0,308; p&lt;0,05), beceri düzeyi ile müzik zekası arasında da pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (r: 0,331; p&lt;0,05).  Ailesinde spor yapmış/yapmamış bireylere göre çoklu zeka alanlarının karşılaştırılmasında sosyal zeka puanı açısından ailesinde spor yapmış bireylerin lehine anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p&lt;0,05).Sonuç olarak, spor yaşının beceri düzeyi üzerindeki etkisinin yüksek olmadığı söylenebilir. Müziksel/ritmik zekanın basketbol becerisine zayıfta olsa etkisinin olması, beceri gerektiren hareketlerin belirli bir ritm eşliğinde yapılmasından kaynaklanabilir. Spor iletişim, sorumluluk, iş birliği, empati kurma, yardımlaşma, paylaşma gibi toplumsal özelliklerin gelişmesini sağlayarak sosyalleşme sürecine katkı sağlar ki ailesinde spor yapmış bireylerin çocuklarının sosyal zeka düzeylerinin yüksek olması bunun kanıtı olabilir

Investigation Of the Relationship Between Academic Achievement, Reading Performance and Motor Skill in Secondary School Students

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin akademik başarı ve okuma performansları ile motorik becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmaya 5.sınıfta öğrenim gören 100 öğrenci (nerkek=45, nkız=55) katılmıştır. Çalışmada öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için bilgi verici ve hikâye edici metinden oluşan 28 soruluk okuduğunu anlama testi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem grubunun okuma hızları 5.sınıf Türkçe ders kitabından alınan bir metnin bir dakikada okudukları toplam kelime sayısının hesaplanması sonucu belirlenmiştir. Akademik başarılarının tespit edilmesinde ise yarıyıl sonu başarı ortalamaları dikkate alınmıştır. Motor performanslardan el-göz koordinasyonunun belirlenmesinde Top Fırlatma Testi, çeviklik düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde Hexagon Çeviklik Testi, reaksiyon zamanlarının tespit edilmesinde ise Nelson El Reaksiyon Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistik analizinde normallik testi olarak Shapiro-Wilk testi kullanılırken, ilişki düzeyinin belirlenmesi için Pearson Sıra Korelasyon Katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Hexagon çeviklik testi değerlerinin okuduğunu anlama, okuma hızı ve akademik başarı değerleri ile negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla, r:-0.220; -0.217; -0.299, p0.05). Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulardan, öğrencilerin çeviklik düzeyinin artması ile beraber zayıf düzeyde de olsa okuduğunu anlama, okuma hızı ve akademik başarı düzeylerinin arttığını; reaksiyon süresinin azalması ile ise okuma hızı ve akademik başarının düşük seviyede de olsa yükseldiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştıThe purpose of study is to examine the relationship between academic achievements, reading performances and motor skills of secondary school students. A total of 100 students (male=45, female=55) attended the study. 28-item reading comprehension test consisting of informative and storytelling text was used to determine the level of reading comprehension of the students in the study. The reading speed of the participants is determined by calculating the total number of words read in one minute of a text taken from the 5th grade Turkish textbook. Academic achievements were determined according to the success scores at the end of the semester. Alternate hand wall toss test was used to determine hand-eye coordination, hexagon agility test was used to determine agility levels, and Nelson hand reaction test was used to determine reaction times. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used as the normality test in the statistical analysis of the data obtained from the research, and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the relationship level. Hexagon agility test values were determined negatively weak correlated with reading comprehension, reading speed and academic achievement values. (r: -0.220, -0.217, -0.299, p 0.05). Findings from the research show that the increase in the level of agility increase weak grade the levels of reading comprehension, reading speed and academic achievement of the students. With the reduction of the reaction time, result of the reading speed and the academic achievement rise at low level are infered

The Relationship Between the Morphological Structures, Motoric Performances and Attention Levels Of Technical Skills Of Adolescent Basketball Players

Çalışmanın amacı, adölesan basketbolcuların morfolojik yapıları, motorik performansları ve dikkat düzeylerinin teknik beceriler ile ilişkini belirlemektir. Çalışmaya 31 erkek basketbolcu (yaş = 13,1 ± 0,89) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Basketbolcuların boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, çevre ölçümleri (calf ve fleksiyonda biceps), çap ölçümleri (humerus ve femur) ve deri kıvrım kalınlıkları (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac ve medial calf) ölçülmüştür. Beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) değeri hesaplanmıştır. Somatotip değerleri Heath-Carter somatotip metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Basketbolculara motorik performans testleri (durarak uzun atlama, sırt kuvveti, dikey sıçrama, anaerobik güç, şınav, mekik, sağlık topu ile atış), basketbol beceri testleri (top sürme ve şut atma) ve dikkat testi uygulanmıştır. Basketbol becerileri ile morfolojik yapıları, motorik performansları ve dikkat seviyeleri arasındaki ilişki Spearman Sıra Korelasyon Katsayısı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Basketbolcuların şut değerleri ile durarak uzun atlama, mekik ve sağlık topu ile atış değerleri arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde ilişkiler belirlenmiştir (sırasıyla, rho = 0,46, p0,05). Sonuç olarak, alt ekstremite, üst ekstremite ve core bölgesi kuvvetini temsil eden motorik performans değerlerinin artması ile beraber teknik becerilerin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Basketbolcuların endomorfik ve mezomorfik değerlerinin artması ile top sürme becerisinin azaldığı belirlenirken, ektormorfi değerinin artması ile top sürme becerisinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between morphological structures, motor performance and attention levels of adolescent basketball players with technical skills. 31 male basketball players (age = 13.1 ± 0.89) participated in the study voluntarily. Basketball player's body height, body weight, circumference measurements (calf and flexion biceps), diameter measurements (humerus and femur) and skinfold thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and medial calf) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) value was calculated. Somatotype values were determined by Heath-Carter somatotype method. Motoric performance tests (standing long jump, back strength, vertical jump, anaerobic power, push-up, sit up, throwing with medicine ball), basketball skill tests (dribbling and shooting) and attention test were applied to the basketball players. The relationship between basketball skills and morphological structures, motor performance and attention levels was determined using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient. There were positive and mid level correlations between long jump, sit up and throwing with medicine ball values with shooting values of basketball players (rho = 0.46, p0.05). As a result, it was determined that the technical skills increased with the increase of motoric performance values representing lower extremity, upper extremity and core strength. While increasing the endomorphic and mesomorphic values of the basketball players, the dribbling skills decreased, and the increase in ectormorphic increased dribbling skills

The Relation between the Anthropometric, Biomotor and Physiological Characteristics of Secondary School Children and their Academic Success Levels

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören kız ve erkek öğrencilerin antropometrik, biyomotor ve fizyolojik özelliklerinin akademik başarıları ile olan ilişkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemini, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Tekirdağ ili Çorlu ilçesinde yer alan Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı'na (MEB) bağlı rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile ulaşılan resmi yedi ortaokulun sekizinci sınıfında öğrenim gören 306 (n=143 kız, n=163 erkek) gönüllü öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin antropometrik özellikleri; boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, çevre ölçümleri (baş çevresi, göğüs çevresi, bel çevresi, karın çevresi, kalça çevresi, calf çevresi, biceps çevresi ve önkol çevresi) beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca karın, üst bacak, triceps ve suprailiak deri kıvrım kalınlığı ölçümleri yapılmış, vücut yoğunlukları ve yağ yüzdeleri hesaplanmıştır. Biyomotor özelliklerin belirlenmesinde flamingo denge testi, esneklik testi, dikey sıçrama testi, 30 saniye (sn.) şınav testi, 30 sn. mekik testi ve 1 mil koşu testlerinden yararlanılmış, anaerobik güçleri ve aerobik güçleri belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin istirahat kalp atım hızları, sistolik ve diastolik kan basınçları, solunum fonksiyonlarına ait zorlu vital kapasite (FCV), birinci saniyedeki zorlu ekspirasyon hacmi (FEV1) ve zorlu ekspirasyonda maksimum akım hızı (PEF) değerleri ölçülmüştür. Akademik başarının belirlenmesinde yarıyıl sonu başarı ortalama puanları dikkate alınmıştır. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, yaş, antropometrik, biyomotor ve fizyolojik ölçümlerinden elde edilen frekans dağılımları, aritmetik ortalamaları, standart sapmaları, ortanca değerleri, minimum ve maksimum değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygun olup olmadığının sınanması için Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Shapiro-Wilk Testleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yer alan değişkenler normal dağılıma uyum göstermediği için parametrik olmayan korelasyon kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin ölçülmesi için Spearman'ın sıra korelasyon katsayısı rho'dan yararlanılırken, kız ve erkek öğrencilerin akademik başarı puanları arasında fark olup olmadığına Mann-Whitney U testi ile bakılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan istatistiksel analizler % 95 güven aralığında 0,05 hata düzeylerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, erkek öğrencilerin boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, baş, göğüs, bel, karın, kalça ve calf çevreleri, sistolik ve diastolik kan basınçları, dikey sıçrama, anaerobik güçleri, FEV1 ve PEF değerleri ile akademik başarıları arasında aynı yönlü çok zayıf ve zayıf ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Kız öğrencilerin boy uzunluğu ve 30 sn. mekik testi değerleri akademik başarıları arasında aynı yönlü zayıf bir ilişki tespit edilirken, FCV, FEV1, PEF değerleri ile çok zayıf ve zayıf ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Kız ve erkek öğrenciler arasında akademik başarı düzeyi açısından istatistiksel olarak kız öğrencilerin lehine anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerin bazı antropometrik özellikleri, sistolik, diastolik kan basınçları, dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik güç değerleri yine hem kız öğrenciler hem de erkek öğrencilerin solunum fonksiyon değerlerinin akademik başarına çok küçükte olsa olumlu yönde etki ettiği tespit edilmiştir.The purpose of this study is determining the relation between anthropometric, biomotor and physiological characteristics of secondary school boy and girl students studying at eighth grades and their academic success levels. The sampling of the study consists of 306 (n=143 girls, n=163 boys) voluntary students studying at 8th Grade at 7 state secondary schools of Ministry of National Education (MoNE) in 2015-2016 Academic Year in Çorlu county of the city of Tekirdağ. The schools were selected with Random Sampling Method. The anthropometric characteristics of the students; the body heights, body weights, circumference measurements (head circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, abdomen circumference, hip circumference, calf circumference, biceps circumference, and forearm circumference), Body Mass Indices (BMI) of the subjects were determined. In addition, the abdomen, thigh, triceps, and supra-iliac skinfold thickness measurements were made, and the body density and body fat percentages were measured. In determining the biomotor characteristics, the Flamingo Balance Test, Flexibility Test, Vertical Jump Test, 30-Second Push-Up Test, 30-Second Sit-Up, and 1 mile running tests were made use of, and the anaerobic and aerobic strengths of the subjects were determined. The resting heart beat rates, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, Forced Vital Capacity (FCV), First-Second Expiration Volume (FEV1) and Forced Expiration Maximum Flow Rate (PEF) values of the respiratory functions of the subjects were measured. In determining the end-of-the-year academic success, the semester academic success points were considered. The gender, age, and the frequency distributions of the anthropometrical, biomotor and physiological characteristics, arithmetic average values, standard deviations, median values, minimum and maximum values were measured. In order to test whether the data were consistent with the normal distribution or not, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk Tests were made. Since the variables in the study did not show normal distribution, the non-parametric correlation was used. In order to measure the relations between the variables, the Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (RHO) was used. The difference between the academic success points of the girl and boy students was examined with Mann-Whitney U Test. The statistical analyses used in the study were performed between 95 % Confidence Interval with 0.05 Error Rate. As a conclusion, a unidirectional very weak and weak relations was determined between the body weights and body heights, head, chest, waist, abdomen, hip and calf circumferences, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, vertical jump, anaerobic strength, FEV1 and PEF values of the boy students and their academic success rates. A unidirectional weak relation between the body heights and 30-Sit-Up Test values of the girls and their academic success rates; and very weak and weak relations was determined between the FCV, FEV1, PEF values. A statistically significant difference was determined between the academic success rates of the boys and girls in favor of the girls. It was determined that some anthropometric characteristics, systolic and diastolic blood pressure values, vertical jump and anaerobic strength values of the boys and the respiratory function values of the boys and girls affected positively to their academic success rates at a slight level

Female and male students’ attitudes toward physical education and sports course, study at primary & high school of Çorlu, distirct of The Tekirdağ City

Yüksek Lisans TeziBu çalışmanın amacı, ilköğretim okulları ve liselerde öğrenim gören kız ve erkek öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin tutumlarını belirleyip cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi gibi değişkenler açısından karşılaştırmasını yapmaktır.Araştırmaya örneklem olarak, rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 28 ilköğretim okulunun sekizinci sınıfında öğrenim gören 256 kız, 303 erkek, 13 lisenin dokuzuncu sınıfında öğrenim gören 340 kız ve 372 erkek öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 1271 öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Öğrenci tutumlarının ölçülmesi için Demirhan ve Altay (2001) tarafından geliştirilen “Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Tutum Ölçeği” (BESTÖ) kullanıldı. Ölçeğin güvenirliği Cronbach Alpha ile 0.925 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 15.0 istatistik programından yararlanıldı. Araştırmada katılımcıların tutum puan ortalamaları ve standart sapmaları hesaplandıktan sonra cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi gibi değişkenlere göre beden eğitimi dersine ilişkin tutumları arasında farklılık olup olmadığı Mann-Whitney U testi ile tespit edildi ve istatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı olarak p<0.05 değeri kabul edildi.Sonuç olarak; Sekizinci sınıfta ve dokuzuncu sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin tutumlarının cinsiyete göre karşılaştırılması sonucunda anlamlı bir farka rastlandı (p<0.05). Sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören erkek öğrenciler ile kız öğrencilerin ve dokuzuncu sınıfta öğrenim gören erkek öğrenciler ile kız öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin tutumlarının cinsiyete göre karşılaştırılması sonucunda anlamlı bir farka rastlandı (p<0.05). Sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrenciler ile dokuzuncu sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin tutumlarının sınıf düzeyine göre karşılaştırılması sonucunda anlamlı bir farka rastlandı (p<0.05). Sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören erkek öğrenciler ile dokuzuncu sınıfta öğrenim gören erkek öğrencilerin ve33sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören kız öğrenciler ile dokuzuncu sınıfta öğrenim gören kız öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin tutumlarının sınıf düzeyine görekarşılaştırılması sonucunda anlamlı bir farka rastlandıAbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the attitudes of male and female students, studying in primary and high schools, towards physical education and sport course and is to compare them in terms of variables such as gender and grade level.As for the research sample, a total of 1,271 students including 256 girls, 303 male students who study in the eighth class of 28 primary schools, which were selected by random sampling and 340 female and 372 male high school students who study in ninth grade of 13 highschools voluntarily participated in that study. "Physical Education and Sport Attitude Scale" (BESTÖ) which was developed by Demirhan and Altay (2001), was used to evaluate the students’ attitudes.With Cronbach's alpha reliability of the scale was found to be 0.925. SPSS 15.0 statistical program was used to analyze the data. After calculating the average attitude scores and standard deviations of the study participants', Mann -Whitney U test was used to determine whether there is a difference between their scores according to some variables such as gender and classroom-level or not and p <0.05, as a limit of statistical significance was accepted. As a result, significant differences were observed in comparison of the eighth and ninth grade students’ attitudes towards physical education and sport lesson (p <0.05). A significant difference was observed in the result of gender comparison between male and female students of eighth grade and again between ninth grade male /female students in terms 35of their attitudes towards physical education and sport lesson. (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in the result of grade-level comparison between male and femalestudents of eighth grade and again between ninth grade male /female students in terms of their attitudes towards physical education and sport lesson