Network Transformation: Can Big Nonprofits Achieve Big Results?

In an era of tech-enabled, high-growth social enterprises, it's easy to overlook the very large, slower-growth organizations with expansive networks that have been serving children, youth, and families for a decade -- or longer. But it's these national and global networks that have the reach and power to take on big social issues. That's a challenge some have chosen to undertake in a quest to evolve from simply serving community needs to solving underlying social problems

Key Factors Supporting Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Management

This synthesis was designed to provide an evidence base on the success factors in small-scale coastal fisheries management in developing countries and, in turn, to assist the Rockefeller Foundation in developing its strategy for its Oceans and Fisheries Initiative. In doing so, it identifies and describes some 20 key factors believed to influence success in small-scale coastal fisheries management. The report was completed via a rapid review of key sources of knowledge from formal published literature, institutional literature, key informants and Internet searches. The focus was on key success factors in achieving a balance of social, economic and ecological benefits from the management of small-scale coastal fisheries. A summary of these success factors can also be explored via an interactive visualization that accompanies this report

Stress Perception in L1 and L2 Spanish and English

Word-level stress, which occurs on a specific syllable of each word, aids lexical access and helps distinguish word boundaries. Three correlates are most often used in languages to denote stress: pitch, vowel duration, and intensity. However, languages differ on which of these correlates are most important or necessary at all: for Spanish, pitch is the primary correlate, but for English, duration is more important. The goal of this investigation was to determine the differences in perception of duration, pitch, or both together for bilingual speakers of English and Spanish in countries with differing dominant languages. Half of the participants (native English speakers who have some level of Spanish knowledge) were tested at the College of William and Mary, and half (native Spanish speakers who had some level of English knowledge) were tested at La Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas in Lima, Peru. Both groups were prompted in two sections – Spanish and English – to determine the location of stress in words with one syllable altered in duration, pitch, or both. Both groups responded best to the combination of correlates rather than one correlate on its own. Response scores for each language section did not differ significantly between groups, but the groups showed a notable difference in improvement as amounts of each correlate increased. Both groups had more correct responses when the stress was in antepenultimate, rather than penultimate, position. This experiment can contribute to the field of language acquisition research and can eventually be applied to second language education methods

Power, politics, and the origin of the Chinese Exclusion Era

2017 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.This study places the origins of the Chinese Exclusion Era (1823-1882) in a larger regional, national, and international context to reveal that the Chinese Exclusion Era was not a direct cause and effect relationship between labor and policy, but rather a negotiation between various groups including immigrants, laborers, politicians, and businessmen, where each group worked in its own self-interest to achieve or eliminate the exclusion of Chinese immigrants in the United States. This study focuses on issues of race, class, and gender, with particular emphasis on the ways in which existing structures and institutions within the United States such as the black-white binary, democracy, and capitalism shaped the reception and ultimate exclusion of immigrants

Reaching Across the High School-College Divide to Represent the Other: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature

Starting from the question of how high school and college writing teachers and teacher educators understand and represent what happens in each others\u27 spaces, this meta-analysis establishes a baseline taxonomy of the ways in which we cross the divide. Combing through literature published in representative high school and college English professional journals since the introduction of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in 2010, this analysis finds five thematic clusters of how writing instructors understand and represent each other across the high school-college divide: (a) document analysis of the CCSS and the Framework for Success in Postsecondary Writing; (b) studies of the efficacy of standardized high school exams in predicting students’ performance in college writing; (c) discussions of autobiographical literacy narratives and biographical case studies of student writers over time; (d) reconnaissance studies in which researchers gather information from and ask questions of their high school/college counterparts; and (e) descriptions of collaborations orchestrated across high school and college sites

Gender Bias In The Technical Disciplines

This study investigates how women are affected by gender bias in the workplace. Despite the increasing numbers of women in the workforce, women are still under-represented and under-valued in workplaces, which, in part, is due to their gender stereotype. This study demonstrates how gender bias in the workplace has been proven to limit women in their careers and potential in their occupational roles. The media’s negative depiction of women in their gender stereotype reinforces and perpetuates this image as a cultural norm in society. Women both conform and are judged and evaluated according to their weak and submissive gender stereotype. Women face challenges and problems in the workplace when they are evaluated and appraised by their female gender stereotype. Women have been prevented from acquiring jobs and positions, have been denied promotions and advancements, failed to be perceived as desiring of and capable of leadership or management positions, as well as typically receive lower paid than their male counterparts. Furthermore, women’s unique, indirect, and congenial conversational methods are perceived as unconfident, incompetent, and thus, incapable in the masculine organizational culture of most workplaces. Through the investigation of gender bias in the workplace, professionals and employers will gain an awareness of how gender bias and socially-prescribed gender roles can affect the workplace and interfere with women’s success in their career. Technical communicators and other educators will have a better understanding of how to overcome gender stereotyping and be encouraged to teach students on how to be gender-neutral in their communications in the workplace, perhaps striving for a more egalitarian society

Results of the 2001 Becoming an Outdoor-Woman Survey

INHS Human Dimensions Research Program and Illinois Department of Natural Resourcesunpublishednot peer reviewedOpe

Chronic Pain Through the Occupational Therapy Lens

We as occupational therapy students at the University of Southern Maine partnered with The Cedars which is a skilled nursing facility in Portland, Maine. Their partnership guided our project with searching for evidence on the role of occupational therapy within the geriatric population who experience chronic pain. Chronic pain can be hard to manage and has the possibility of inhibiting one’s quality of life. Evidence shows how occupational therapists have an important role in working with patients who have chronic pain. Quality evidence has supported an array of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to help improve one’s quality of life. Our findings conclude the current occupational therapy interventions for chronic pain patients are adaptive equipment, lifestyle redesign, cognitive behavioral therapy, pain self-management, mindfulness, and online mind-body programs. Within these interventions positive outcome measurements for the patients entailed improvements with occupational performance, pain management, physical functioning, and psychosocial well-being