84 research outputs found
Comparison of Two Techniques for the Detection of Flea Faeces in Canine and Feline Coat Brushings
Flea infestation is diagnosed after the detection of either adult parasites or flea faeces in the fur. The latter is generally tested with the wet blotting paper technique (WBPT). However, microscopical examination (MT) of the coat brushing material is sometimes suggested as an alternative. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of the two techniques. In dogs, the entire body was hand-brushed and cats were combed. One half of the collected material was mounted in liquid paraffin on a glass slide and examined microscopically at low magnification. The second half was placed on a blotting paper and sterile water was added. After drying, reddish aureoles were counted. 255 animals (158 dogs and 97 cats) were included. 119 (47%) and 94 (37%) samples were revealed to be positive with WBPT and MT, respectively. 13 cases (5%) were positive with MT only and 38 cases (15%) were positive with WBPT only. 81 cases (32%) were positive and 123 (48%) were negative with both techniques. More positive cases were detected by WBPT than MT (P<0.001). Amongst the 51 samples which were found positive with a sole technique, infestation was considered low in 43 cases and WBPT detected significantly more positive samples (31) than MT (12), P<0.01
Comparative efficacy of two fipronil spot-on formulations against experimental tick infestations (Ixodes ricinus) in dogs
A parallel-group-design, randomized, unicentre and blinded controlled study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of a new fipronil-based spot-on formulation applied once to dogs against experimental Ixodes ricinus infestations. Six dogs served as negative controls (group 1), six dogs served as positive controls (group 2) receiving the original fipronil spot-on (FrontlineÂź spot-on Dog, Merial) at a dosage of 0.67Â mL for a dog weighing from 2 to 10Â kg and 1.34Â mL for a dog weighing from 10.1 to 20Â kg and six dogs were treated with a 10% w/v fipronil-based spot-on solution (EffiproÂź Spot-on, Virbac SA) at an identical dosage (group 3, 0.67 mL for a dog weighing from 2 to 10 kg and 1.34 mL for a dog weighing from 10.1 to 20 kg). Each dog was sedated and subsequently infested with 50 unfed adult I. ricinus on daysââ7, â2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Forty-eight hours after the treatment and 48Â h after each challenge (days â5, 2, 9, 16, 23, 30 and 37), the population of the remaining ticks was assessed for each animal. Geometric mean tick counts obtained were reduced by 99% and 94% on dayâ2 in groups 2 and 3, respectively, compared to the negative control group. Dogs were protected from re-infestations with an efficacy of >90% for 3Â weeks in group 2 and for 5Â weeks in group 3. Both 10% w/v fipronil-based spot-on solutions, despite different vehicles, were equally able to eradicate tick infestation, to prevent new infestations and were equally well tolerated
COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study
Background:
The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms.
Methods:
International, prospective observational study of 60â109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms.
Results:
âTypicalâ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (â€â18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (â„â70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each Pâ<â0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country.
Interpretation:
This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men
Les dysplaises folliculaires chez le chien (synthÚse des données actuelles et étude rétrospective sur vingt cas)
Canine follicular dysplasia consists in a group of rare hereditary dermatosis : colour mutant alopecia, black hair follicular dysplasia, recurrent flank alopecia and follicular dysplasia. A symetric, bilateral, non inflammatory, non pruriginous alopecia characterizes theseskin disorders. However, each one has his own epidemiological, etiopathogenical, clinical and therapeutical features. The diagnosis is etablished thanks to the histopathological analysis agreed with history of the case and the clinical signs. For most of the diseases, the treatement is symptomatic. Twenty cases of canine follicular dysplasia are diagnosed in the National Veterinary School of Toulouse between january 1996 and march 2003. The results of the study are most similar to the current bibliographic reports.TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Le pemphigus foliacé chez le chien (synthÚse des données actuelles et étude rétrospective de 10 cas)
TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Pemphigus foliacé chez le chien (étude rétrospective de 24 cas à l'ENVT (janvier 2002 - décembre 2010))
AprĂšs avoir briĂšvement rappelĂ© ce qu est le pemphigus foliacĂ©, le but de cette thĂšse est de rapporter les rĂ©sultats d une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective de 24 cas de pemphigus foliacĂ© chez le chien au sein de l ENVT entre janvier 2002 et dĂ©cembre 2010. Tous les cas Ă©taient diagnostiquĂ©s sur la base d un examen histopathologique rĂ©alisĂ© Ă partir de biopsies cutanĂ©es. Aucune prĂ©disposition de race, de sexe ou d Ăąge n a Ă©tĂ© constatĂ©e. Du prurit est rapportĂ© dans 71% des cas. La localisation initiale des lĂ©sions Ă©tait variable, malgrĂ© une importante proportion de cas atteints Ă la face. Les lĂ©sions les plus observĂ©es Ă©taient des croĂ»tes (88%) et des pustules (71%). L examen cytologique a permis de mettre en Ă©vidence le phĂ©nomĂšne d acantholyse dans 80% des cas. Le traitement a fait appel Ă la prednisolone par voie gĂ©nĂ©rale, seule (61%) ou associĂ©e Ă de l azathioprine (39%). Aucune diffĂ©rence statistiquement significative n a Ă©tĂ© trouvĂ©e entre les deux traitements. Onze cas seulement ont eu un suivi au-delĂ de un mois Ă l ENVT, et tous ont prĂ©sentĂ© une rĂ©mission complĂšte, dont 2 avec arrĂȘt de tous les traitements.TOULOUSE-EN VĂ©tĂ©rinaire (315552301) / SudocTOULOUSE3-BU SantĂ©-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF
Le syndrome de prolifération bactérienne de surface lors d'état kératoséborrhéïque chez le chien
Le syndrome de prolifération bactérienne de surface n'a été décrit que trÚs récemment. L'étude complÚte de sa pathogénie reste à faire. Ce travail tente de montrer la relation étroite entre les états kératoséborrhéïques et le développement d'un tel trouble. Afin de comprendre les changements d'environnement responsables de la colonisation bactérienne de surface, la premiÚre partie fait le point sur les données actuelles concernant les états kératoséborrhéïques. La deuxiÚme partie est consacrée à l'étude de la flore banale de la peau du chien et à ses mécanismes de régulation. Les facteurs intervenant dans le développement de bactéries pathogÚnes (dont Staphyloccocus intermedius) et le syndrome de prolifération bactérienne de surface y sont décrits et expliqués. La troisiÚme partie est une présentation générale du protocole et des résultats de l'étude expérimentale menée sur la flore cutanée de 55 chiens atteints d'état kératoséborrhéïques et de 20 chiens sains. Enfin, la derniÚre partie est une discussion des résultats et la mise en évidence de la prolifération bactérienne de surface engendrée par la présence d'un état kératoséborrhéïque.TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Feline familial pedal eosinophilic dermatosis in two littermates
In cats, the most common eosinophilic dermatoses are feline miliary dermatitis and eosinophilic granuloma complex. The most commonly identified underlying cause is a hypersensitivity reaction. Few cases of familial forms of eosinophilic dermatoses are reported in the literature. Two young adult cats from the same litter presented 2 years apart with a severe and chronic fluid or tissue infiltration of the distal part of several limbs. Lesions started on the forelegs and developed on the other limbs. Cytological and histopathological examinations showed lesions consistent with an atypical form of feline eosinophilic dermatosis associated with secondary bacterial infection. In both cats, antibiotics combined with immunosuppressive treatment partially improved the lesions, which continued to progress on a waxing and waning course, even in the absence of treatment. Allergy work-up did not permit the identification of an underlying allergic triggering factor. The severity of the lesions, the unusual presentation and the unsatisfactory response to immunosuppressive therapy in two feline littermates suggested a genetic form of eosinophilic dermatosis
IntĂ©rĂȘt de l'utilisation de la ciclosporine en dermatologie fĂ©line (Ă©tude bibliographique)
La ciclosporine est un immunosuppresseur sélectif utilisée en dermatologie canine dans le traitement de la dermatite atopique. Ses applications potentielles hors AMM chez le chat sont nombreuses, notamment en dermatologie. Ce travail a pour but de présenter les différentes entités dermatologiques dans lesquelles la CsA s est avérée efficace. AprÚs un bref rappel concernant le fonctionnement du systÚme immunitaire cutané du chat, nous avons fait le point sur les particularités de la pharmacologie de la CsA dans cette espÚce et nous avons répertorié les différentes maladies dermatologiques félines pour lesquelles la CsA s avÚre efficace. Nous avons réalisé pour cela une revue des différents essais thérapeutiques déjà publiés.TOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocTOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF
IntĂ©rĂȘt de l'Ă©tude microscopique du produit de brossage dans le diagnostic des pulicoses chez le chat et le chien (Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale)
Le diagnostic des pulicoses chez le chien et le chat se fait soit par mise en Ă©vidence des parasites adultes dans le pelage des animaux infestĂ©s soit par mise en Ă©vidence des dĂ©jections de puces. Il est classiquement recommandĂ© d utiliser alors la technique du buvard imprĂ©gnĂ©. Cependant, une autre technique consistant Ă examiner au microscope le produit de brossage ou de peignage est parfois prĂ©conisĂ©e. Ce travail de thĂšse a consistĂ© Ă Ă©valuer l intĂ©rĂȘt de l utilisation du microscope pour ce diagnostic par rapport Ă l utilisation du papier buvard. Afin de comparer les deux techniques, 255 produits de brossage de chats et de chiens de propriĂ©taires ont Ă©tĂ© prĂ©levĂ©s et analysĂ©s en double aveugle. L analyse des rĂ©sultats indique que la technique du papier buvard est plus efficace que l examen au microscope mais que l association des deux techniques dans des pulicoses de faible intensitĂ© est Ă prĂ©coniser.TOULOUSE-EN VĂ©tĂ©rinaire (315552301) / SudocTOULOUSE3-BU SantĂ©-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF
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