10 research outputs found

    AFM study of oxygen reduction products on HOPG in the LiPF6–DMSO electrolyte

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    Ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to study the morphology of oxygen reduction products in the LiPF6–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) electrolyte, i.e. Li2O2 on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. Both cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have shown that at low cathodic polarization the initial deposits decorate the edge steps of HOPG. At higher overpotentials a massive deposit covers the terraces. Upon charging the battery cathode Li2O2 oxidation and dissolution do not take place until high overpotentials are reached at which solvent decomposition has been demonstrated by in situ FTIR studies.Fil: Herrera, Santiago Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a; ArgentinaFil: Tesio, Alvaro Yamil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a; ArgentinaFil: Clarenc, Romain. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Ernesto Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de QuĂ­mica, FĂ­sica de los Materiales, Medioambiente y EnergĂ­a; Argentin

    SynthÚse et caractérisation de composés fluorés pour le piégeage de fluorures gazeux

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    This work deals with the synthesis and characterization of alkali, alkali-earth and rare earthbased fluorides and the reactivity of the latter with ReF6 for UF6 purification. In a first part,we focused our attention on the synthesis of KMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 high surface area metalfluorides coupling both microwave assisted solvothermal process and a fluorination step withelemental fluorine (F2). The higher the surface area, the higher the oxygen rate. Thesenanofluorides exhibit Lewis basic character. In a second part, several compositions of theCe1-xZrxF4 solid solution were synthesized by direct fluorination of mixed oxides usingelemental fluorine (F2). XRD an 19F NMR characterizations show the occurence of a newsolid solution for compositions close to x=0.5. Finally, the reactivity between ReF6/UF6 andKMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 leads to conclude that KMgF3 is the best candidate for thepurification of UF6. This study indicates that the purification depends on several parameters :intrinsic parameters of the divided fluorides (surface area, oxygen rate, basicity, cations
)and parameters directly related to the process (temperature, contact time).Ce travail porte sur la synthĂšse et la caractĂ©risation de fluorures Ă  base d’alcalins, d’alcalinoterreuxet de terres rares et sur la rĂ©activitĂ© de ces composĂ©s vis-Ă -vis de ReF6 pour lapurification de UF6. L’étude traite dans un premier temps de la synthĂšse de fluorures tels queKMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 en couplant une voie solvothermale assistĂ©e par micro-ondes et uneĂ©tape de fluoration Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire (F2). Les techniques de caractĂ©risationutilisĂ©es mettent notamment en avant le caractĂšre basique au sens de Lewis de ces composĂ©set la possibilitĂ© de contrĂŽler leur surface spĂ©cifique et leur taux d’oxygĂšne, Ă  l’origine dessites basiques, via la tempĂ©rature de fluoration (F2) en phase gaz. Dans un second temps, lasolution solide Ce1-xZrxF4 Ă  base de Ce4+ et Zr4+ a Ă©tĂ© obtenue par fluoration directe d’oxydesmixtes Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire diluĂ©. L’étude par DRX et RMN du 19F montre laprĂ©sence d’une solution solide pour des compositions voisines de x=0,5. Enfin, la rĂ©activitĂ© deReF6 et UF6 sur KMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 montre que KMgF3 est un trĂšs bon candidat pour lapurification de UF6 vis-Ă -vis de ReF6, qui dĂ©pend Ă  la fois de paramĂštres intrinsĂšques auxfluorures divisĂ©s (surface spĂ©cifique, taux d’oxygĂšne, basicitĂ©, cations mis en jeu
) maisaussi du procĂ©dĂ© de purification (tempĂ©rature, temps de contact)

    Synthesis and characterization of nanofluorides for the reactivity of gaseous fluorides

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    Ce travail porte sur la synthĂšse et la caractĂ©risation de fluorures Ă  base d’alcalins, d’alcalinoterreuxet de terres rares et sur la rĂ©activitĂ© de ces composĂ©s vis-Ă -vis de ReF6 pour lapurification de UF6. L’étude traite dans un premier temps de la synthĂšse de fluorures tels queKMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 en couplant une voie solvothermale assistĂ©e par micro-ondes et uneĂ©tape de fluoration Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire (F2). Les techniques de caractĂ©risationutilisĂ©es mettent notamment en avant le caractĂšre basique au sens de Lewis de ces composĂ©set la possibilitĂ© de contrĂŽler leur surface spĂ©cifique et leur taux d’oxygĂšne, Ă  l’origine dessites basiques, via la tempĂ©rature de fluoration (F2) en phase gaz. Dans un second temps, lasolution solide Ce1-xZrxF4 Ă  base de Ce4+ et Zr4+ a Ă©tĂ© obtenue par fluoration directe d’oxydesmixtes Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire diluĂ©. L’étude par DRX et RMN du 19F montre laprĂ©sence d’une solution solide pour des compositions voisines de x=0,5. Enfin, la rĂ©activitĂ© deReF6 et UF6 sur KMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 montre que KMgF3 est un trĂšs bon candidat pour lapurification de UF6 vis-Ă -vis de ReF6, qui dĂ©pend Ă  la fois de paramĂštres intrinsĂšques auxfluorures divisĂ©s (surface spĂ©cifique, taux d’oxygĂšne, basicitĂ©, cations mis en jeu
) maisaussi du procĂ©dĂ© de purification (tempĂ©rature, temps de contact).This work deals with the synthesis and characterization of alkali, alkali-earth and rare earthbased fluorides and the reactivity of the latter with ReF6 for UF6 purification. In a first part,we focused our attention on the synthesis of KMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 high surface area metalfluorides coupling both microwave assisted solvothermal process and a fluorination step withelemental fluorine (F2). The higher the surface area, the higher the oxygen rate. Thesenanofluorides exhibit Lewis basic character. In a second part, several compositions of theCe1-xZrxF4 solid solution were synthesized by direct fluorination of mixed oxides usingelemental fluorine (F2). XRD an 19F NMR characterizations show the occurence of a newsolid solution for compositions close to x=0.5. Finally, the reactivity between ReF6/UF6 andKMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 leads to conclude that KMgF3 is the best candidate for thepurification of UF6. This study indicates that the purification depends on several parameters :intrinsic parameters of the divided fluorides (surface area, oxygen rate, basicity, cations
)and parameters directly related to the process (temperature, contact time)

    Synthesis and characterization of nanofluorides for the reactivity of gaseous fluorides

    No full text
    Ce travail porte sur la synthĂšse et la caractĂ©risation de fluorures Ă  base d’alcalins, d’alcalinoterreuxet de terres rares et sur la rĂ©activitĂ© de ces composĂ©s vis-Ă -vis de ReF6 pour lapurification de UF6. L’étude traite dans un premier temps de la synthĂšse de fluorures tels queKMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 en couplant une voie solvothermale assistĂ©e par micro-ondes et uneĂ©tape de fluoration Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire (F2). Les techniques de caractĂ©risationutilisĂ©es mettent notamment en avant le caractĂšre basique au sens de Lewis de ces composĂ©set la possibilitĂ© de contrĂŽler leur surface spĂ©cifique et leur taux d’oxygĂšne, Ă  l’origine dessites basiques, via la tempĂ©rature de fluoration (F2) en phase gaz. Dans un second temps, lasolution solide Ce1-xZrxF4 Ă  base de Ce4+ et Zr4+ a Ă©tĂ© obtenue par fluoration directe d’oxydesmixtes Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire diluĂ©. L’étude par DRX et RMN du 19F montre laprĂ©sence d’une solution solide pour des compositions voisines de x=0,5. Enfin, la rĂ©activitĂ© deReF6 et UF6 sur KMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 montre que KMgF3 est un trĂšs bon candidat pour lapurification de UF6 vis-Ă -vis de ReF6, qui dĂ©pend Ă  la fois de paramĂštres intrinsĂšques auxfluorures divisĂ©s (surface spĂ©cifique, taux d’oxygĂšne, basicitĂ©, cations mis en jeu
) maisaussi du procĂ©dĂ© de purification (tempĂ©rature, temps de contact).This work deals with the synthesis and characterization of alkali, alkali-earth and rare earthbased fluorides and the reactivity of the latter with ReF6 for UF6 purification. In a first part,we focused our attention on the synthesis of KMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 high surface area metalfluorides coupling both microwave assisted solvothermal process and a fluorination step withelemental fluorine (F2). The higher the surface area, the higher the oxygen rate. Thesenanofluorides exhibit Lewis basic character. In a second part, several compositions of theCe1-xZrxF4 solid solution were synthesized by direct fluorination of mixed oxides usingelemental fluorine (F2). XRD an 19F NMR characterizations show the occurence of a newsolid solution for compositions close to x=0.5. Finally, the reactivity between ReF6/UF6 andKMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 leads to conclude that KMgF3 is the best candidate for thepurification of UF6. This study indicates that the purification depends on several parameters :intrinsic parameters of the divided fluorides (surface area, oxygen rate, basicity, cations
)and parameters directly related to the process (temperature, contact time)

    Synthesis and characterization of nanofluorides for the reactivity of gaseous fluorides

    No full text
    Ce travail porte sur la synthĂšse et la caractĂ©risation de fluorures Ă  base d’alcalins, d’alcalinoterreuxet de terres rares et sur la rĂ©activitĂ© de ces composĂ©s vis-Ă -vis de ReF6 pour lapurification de UF6. L’étude traite dans un premier temps de la synthĂšse de fluorures tels queKMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 en couplant une voie solvothermale assistĂ©e par micro-ondes et uneĂ©tape de fluoration Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire (F2). Les techniques de caractĂ©risationutilisĂ©es mettent notamment en avant le caractĂšre basique au sens de Lewis de ces composĂ©set la possibilitĂ© de contrĂŽler leur surface spĂ©cifique et leur taux d’oxygĂšne, Ă  l’origine dessites basiques, via la tempĂ©rature de fluoration (F2) en phase gaz. Dans un second temps, lasolution solide Ce1-xZrxF4 Ă  base de Ce4+ et Zr4+ a Ă©tĂ© obtenue par fluoration directe d’oxydesmixtes Ă  partir de fluor Ă©lĂ©mentaire diluĂ©. L’étude par DRX et RMN du 19F montre laprĂ©sence d’une solution solide pour des compositions voisines de x=0,5. Enfin, la rĂ©activitĂ© deReF6 et UF6 sur KMgF3, MgF2 et CaF2 montre que KMgF3 est un trĂšs bon candidat pour lapurification de UF6 vis-Ă -vis de ReF6, qui dĂ©pend Ă  la fois de paramĂštres intrinsĂšques auxfluorures divisĂ©s (surface spĂ©cifique, taux d’oxygĂšne, basicitĂ©, cations mis en jeu
) maisaussi du procĂ©dĂ© de purification (tempĂ©rature, temps de contact).This work deals with the synthesis and characterization of alkali, alkali-earth and rare earthbased fluorides and the reactivity of the latter with ReF6 for UF6 purification. In a first part,we focused our attention on the synthesis of KMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 high surface area metalfluorides coupling both microwave assisted solvothermal process and a fluorination step withelemental fluorine (F2). The higher the surface area, the higher the oxygen rate. Thesenanofluorides exhibit Lewis basic character. In a second part, several compositions of theCe1-xZrxF4 solid solution were synthesized by direct fluorination of mixed oxides usingelemental fluorine (F2). XRD an 19F NMR characterizations show the occurence of a newsolid solution for compositions close to x=0.5. Finally, the reactivity between ReF6/UF6 andKMgF3, MgF2 and CaF2 leads to conclude that KMgF3 is the best candidate for thepurification of UF6. This study indicates that the purification depends on several parameters :intrinsic parameters of the divided fluorides (surface area, oxygen rate, basicity, cations
)and parameters directly related to the process (temperature, contact time)

    SynthÚse et caractérisation de composés fluorés pour le piégeage de fluorures gazeux

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    Non disponibleNot availableBORDEAUX1-Bib.electronique (335229901) / SudocSudocFranceF

    About MX3 and MX2 (Mn+ = Mg2+, Al3+, Ti4+, Fe3+; Xp− = F−, O2−, OH−) nanofluorides

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    Several nanosized fluoro-compounds have been prepared by microwave-assisted solvothermal routes: Al3+-, Fe3+- and Ti4+-based oxyfluorides with the hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB) framework, Ti4+-based fluorinated anatase, and rutile MgF2. The structural features have been determined using XRD and TEM analyses. The presence of OH− groups substituted for F− ions has been demonstrated for all of these nanofluorides. In Al- and Mg-based nanofluorides, the OH rate can be reduced by F2-direct fluorination. Furthermore, the higher the polarizing power of the cation, the higher the oxygen content. For cation with high formal charge, such as Ti4+ stabilized in a distorted octahedral site, the occurrence of O2−/OH−/F− anions in its vicinity as well as vacancies have to be mentioned. Finally coupling the microwave-assisted solvothermal route with the F2-direct fluorination allow preparing high surface area metal fluorides where the amount of oxygen is noticeable and contribute to create under-coordinated cationic species at the surface which can induce high Lewis acidity

    Organization of Alkane Amines on a Gold Surface: Structure, Surface Dipole, and Electron Transfer

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    Surface molecular self-assembly is a fast advancing field with broad applications in molecular electronics, sensing and advanced materials. Although a large number of practical systems utilize alkanethiols, there is increasing interest in alkylamine self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). In this article, the molecular and electronic structure of alkylamine SAMs on Au surfaces was studied. It was found that amine-terminated alkanes self-assemble, forming a compact layer with the amine headgroup interacting directly with the Au surface and the hydrocarbon backbone tilted by around 30° with respect to the surface normal. The dense layers formed substantially decrease electron tunneling across the metal/solution interface and form a dipole layer with positive charges residing at the monolayer/vacuum interface

    Organization of Alkane Amines on a Gold Surface: Structure, Surface Dipole, and Electron Transfer

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    Surface molecular self-assembly is a fast advancing field with broad applications in molecular electronics, sensing and advanced materials. Although a large number of practical systems utilize alkanethiols, there is increasing interest in alkylamine self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). In this article, the molecular and electronic structure of alkylamine SAMs on Au surfaces was studied. It was found that amine-terminated alkanes self-assemble, forming a compact layer with the amine headgroup interacting directly with the Au surface and the hydrocarbon backbone tilted by around 30° with respect to the surface normal. The dense layers formed substantially decrease electron tunneling across the metal/solution interface and form a dipole layer with positive charges residing at the monolayer/vacuum interface.Fil: de la Llave, Ezequiel Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Clarenc, Romain. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Inorgånica, Analítica y Química Física; ArgentinaFil: Schiffrin, David J.. University of Liverpool; Reino UnidoFil: Williams, Federico José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentin
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