Peran Optimalisasi Pemberdayaan Nelayan terhadap Peningkatan Usaha (Studi pada KUB-KUB Nelayan di Kabupaten Pati)

Pati is a rich regency with fisheries and oceanic resources . Most of the population live in north coast and their life depend on fishery resource.In reality most of the coast people  live under the poverty line .To overcome the poperty of coast society. Indonesia government has carried out various programs society inpowerment seciety. One of the program is inpowerment fish effort for villagers called “ Pemberdayaan Usaha Mina Pedesaan “ ( PUMP ) which is developed to be national program. The purpose of “ PUMP “ is welfare raising for coast seciety by fiherman economic assosiation,called “ Kelompok Usaha Bersama “ ( KUB ) that means effort cooperation group.The purpose of the research is  ( 1 ) to analyze commitment influence to fisherman inpowerment, (2 ) to analyze competence influence to fisherman inpowerment , (3 ) to analyze Commitment in fluence to effort raising, (4 ) to analyze Competence influence to effort raising ; ( 5 ) to analyze the influence of fisherman inpowerment to effort raising. This research uses sample method by case study approach.The subjects of research is 133 fisherman respondents as “ KUB “ members in district under oceanic and fishery service ( “ Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan “ ) in Pati regency. The soffwere to analyze data is SPSS 19. The menthod data procesor is analysis similarity dauble regression linear gradually used for reaserch the influence of variable free commetment,comptence about bounded variable that is variable of fisherman inpowerment and effort raising. The research result show that commitment,fishreman competence member of “ KUB “ influential positive and sgnificant about fiherman inpowerment and effort raising

STUDIES UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATE SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION AND USE OF CAMELINA SATIVA IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN CONDITIONS (I)

The present paper is the first part of a series dedicated to the development of an integrate system for production and use of Camelina Sativa. There will be studied during a five years research programme the optimum crop technologies for the Transylvanian Plain conditions, together with the best use of the crop. The agricultural year 2011-2012 was characterized by being very dry. The first experimental results were encouraging, demonstrating that Camelina sativa is not claiming special cropping conditions, being suitable for the Transylvanian Plain area. The best results (1,95 t/ha) were achieved using a 176 plants/m2 density and a ration N/P/K of 100/66,8/40 (25 cm between the rows). Harvesting one of the most important parts of the technological chain, as it could lead to high yield losses without and accurate adjustment of the combine.

Pléiades project: Assessment of georeferencing accuracy, image quality, pansharpening performence and DSM/DTM quality

Pléiades 1A and 1B are twin optical satellites of Optical and Radar Federated Earth Observation (ORFEO) program jointly running by France and Italy. They are the first satellites of Europe with sub-meter resolution. Airbus DS (formerly Astrium Geo) runs a MyGIC (formerly Pléiades Users Group) program to validate Pléiades images worldwide for various application purposes. The authors conduct three projects, one is within this program, the second is supported by BEU Scientific Research Project Program, and the third is supported by TÜBİTAK. Assessment of georeferencing accuracy, image quality, pansharpening performance and Digital Surface Model/Digital Terrain Model (DSM/DTM) quality subjects are investigated in these projects. For these purposes, triplet panchromatic (50 cm Ground Sampling Distance (GSD)) and VNIR (2 m GSD) Pléiades 1A images were investigated over Zonguldak test site (Turkey) which is urbanised, mountainous and covered by dense forest. The georeferencing accuracy was estimated with a standard deviation in X and Y (SX, SY) in the range of 0.45m by bias corrected Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC) orientation, using ~170 Ground Control Points (GCPs). 3D standard deviation of ±0.44m in X, ±0.51m in Y, and ±1.82m in Z directions have been reached in spite of the very narrow angle of convergence by bias corrected RPC orientation. The image quality was also investigated with respect to effective resolution, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and blur coefficient. The effective resolution was estimated with factor slightly below 1.0, meaning that the image quality corresponds to the nominal resolution of 50cm. The blur coefficients were achieved between 0.39-0.46 for triplet panchromatic images, indicating a satisfying image quality. SNR is in the range of other comparable space borne images which may be caused by de-noising of Pléiades images. The pansharpened images were generated by various methods, and are validated by most common statistical metrics and also visual interpretation. The generated DSM and DTM were achieved with ±1.6m standard deviation in Z (SZ) in relation to a reference DTM.Airbus Defence and SpaceBEU/2014-47912266-01TÜBİTAK/114Y38

Ondansetron for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: randomised controlled trial

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea is characterised by frequent, loose or watery stools with associated urgency, resulting in marked reduction of quality of life. Ondansetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist, has been shown to benefit patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.Objective: To evaluate the effect of ondansetron in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.Design: Phase III, parallel-group, randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial in 400 patients, with embedded mechanistic studies.Setting: Hospital, primary care and community.Participants: Eighty participants meeting Rome IV criteria for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.Intervention: Ondansetron 4 mg (dose titrated up to two tablets three times a day) or matched placebo for 12 weeks.Main outcome measures: Clinical – Primary patient-reported end point was % ‘Food and Drug Administration-defined responders’ over 12 weeks. Secondary end points were worst abdominal pain intensity, worst urgency, stool consistency, stool frequency, anxiety, depression and dyspepsia at 12 and 16 weeks.Main outcome measures: Mechanistic – Whole gut transit time, faecal water, protease (FP), bile acids and assessment of rectal sensitivity using a barostat.Results: Clinical – The study closed early due to slow recruitment. Between 1 January 2018 and 11 May 2020, 80 patients were recruited and randomised (20% of target), 37 to ondansetron, 43 to placebo. Discontinuations (4 ondansetron; 2 placebo) meant 75 completed the 12-week trial treatment. There were four protocol violations. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 15 (40.5%) on ondansetron were primary end-point responders (95% CI 24.7% to 56.4%), and 12 (27.9%) on placebo (95% CI 14.5% to 41.3%), p = 0.19, adjusted OR 1.93 (0.73, 5.11). Pain intensity reduction occurred in 17 (46.0%) on ondansetron (95% CI 29.9% to 62.0%) and 16 (37.2%) on placebo (95% CI 22.8% to 51.7%), p = 0.32. Improvement in stool consistency occurred in 25 (67.6%) on ondansetron (95% CI 52.5% to 82.7%) and 22 (51.2%) on placebo (95% CI 36.2% to 66.1%), p = 0.07. Use of rescue medication, loperamide, was lower on ondansetron [7 (18.9%) vs. 17 (39.5%)]. Average stool consistency in the final month of treatment reduced significantly more on ondansetron, adjusted mean difference –0.5 [standard error (SE) 0.25, 95% CI (–1.0 to –0.02), p = 0.042]. Ondansetron improved dyspepsia score (SFLDQ), adjusted mean difference –3.2 points [SE 1.43, 95% CI (–6.1 to –0.4), p = 0.028]. There were no serious adverse events.Mechanistic – mean (SD). Ondansetron increased whole gut transit time between baseline and week 12 by 3.8 (9.1) hours on ondansetron, significantly more than on placebo –2.2 (10.3), p = 0.01. Mean volume to reach urgency threshold using the barostat increased on ondansetron by 84 (61) ml and 38 (48) ml on placebo, n = 8, p = 0.26. Ondansetron did not significantly alter protease, faecal water or bile acids. Changes in referral pathways substantially reduced referrals, impairing recruitment, which meant the study was underpowered.Conclusion: Our results are consistent with previous studies and confirmed ondansetron improves stool consistency and urgency but showed minor effect on pain. We plan to undertake a simplified version of this trial overcoming the changed referral pathways by recruiting in primary care, using software linked to primary care records to identify and randomise patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea to ondansetron or placebo and remotely follow their progress; thus minimising barriers to recruitment.Trial registration: This trial is registered as ISRCTN17508514.Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation programme and will be published in full in Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation; Vol. 10, No. 9. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information

Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve

Comprehensive biotic surveys, or ‘all taxon biodiversity inventories’ (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated DNA barcoding into their identification procedures and witnessed acceleration in their surveys and subsequent increase in project scope and scale. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario partnered with the rare Charitable Research Reserve and delegates of the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference to complete its own rapid, barcode-assisted ATBI of an established land trust in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada

EXTRA EARLY AND EARLY POTATO PRODUCTION IN OPEN FIELD AND TUNNEL WITH TRANSPARENT FOIL, IN THE HILLY PART OF TRANSYLVANIA

Even though it is considered a simple and cheap nutriment, the food of the poor and the plant of under-privileged areas, the potato benefits from a wide popularity, being considered, beside other crops, a revelation in the cultivation of plants, this becoming a basis nutriment for the whole earth population. It is being required more and more to produce as soon as possible great quantities of early potato for consumption, both for satisfying the supply needs of the market internally and for the export requests. The technology of cultivating extra-early and early potatoes comprises of specific elements, such as choosing and preparing the land, so as to ensure a more pronounced early emergence, choosing the soil and preparing the tubers before the planting, differently applying the attendance proceedings, protecting the in-field cultures with plastic foils