6,760 research outputs found
The generalized F-statistic: multiple detectors and multiple GW pulsars
The F-statistic, derived by Jaranowski, Krolak & Schutz (1998), is the
optimal (frequentist) statistic for the detection of nearly periodic
gravitational waves from known neutron stars, in the presence of stationary,
Gaussian detector noise. The F-statistic was originally derived for the case of
a single detector, whose noise spectral density was assumed constant in time,
and for a single known neutron star. Here we show how the F-statistic can be
straightforwardly generalized to the cases of 1) a network of detectors with
time-varying noise curves, and 2) a population of known sources. Fortunately,
all the important ingredients that go into our generalized F-statistics are
already calculated in the single-source/single-detector searches that are
currently implemented, e.g., in the LIGO Software Library, so implementation of
optimal multi-detector, multi-source searches should require negligible
additional cost in computational power or software development.Comment: 6 pages, 0 figures, submitted to PRD; section IV substantially
enlarged and revised, and a few typos correcte
An Overview of Gravitational-Wave Sources
We review current best estimates of the strength and detectability of the gravitational waves from a variety of sources, for both ground-based and space-based detectors, and we describe the information carried by the waves
Brief of Respondents, Arlington Central School District Board of Education v. Murphy, No. 05-18 (U.S. Mar 28, 2006)
The Angular Resolution of Space-Based Gravitational Wave Detectors
Proposed space-based gravitational wave antennas involve satellites arrayed
either in an equilateral triangle around the earth in the ecliptic plane (the
ecliptic-plane option) or in an equilateral triangle orbiting the sun in such a
way that the plane of the triangle is tilted at 60 degrees relative to the
ecliptic (the precessing-plane option). In this paper, we explore the angular
resolution of these two classes of detectors for two kinds of sources
(essentially monochromatic compact binaries and coalescing massive-black-hole
binaries) using time-domain expressions for the gravitational waveform that are
accurate to 4/2 PN order. Our results display an interesting effect not
previously reported in the literature, and underline the importance of
including the higher-order PN terms in the waveform when predicting the angular
resolution of ecliptic-plane detector arrays.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys Rev D. The current version
corrects an error in our original paper and adds some clarifying language.
The error also required correction of the graphs now shown in Figures 3
through
The information content of gravitational wave harmonics in compact binary inspiral
The nonlinear aspect of gravitational wave generation that produces power at
harmonics of the orbital frequency, above the fundamental quadrupole frequency,
is examined to see what information about the source is contained in these
higher harmonics. We use an order (4/2) post-Newtonian expansion of the
gravitational wave waveform of a binary system to model the signal seen in a
spaceborne gravitational wave detector such as the proposed LISA detector.
Covariance studies are then performed to determine the ultimate accuracy to be
expected when the parameters of the source are fit to the received signal. We
find three areas where the higher harmonics contribute crucial information that
breaks degeneracies in the model and allows otherwise badly-correlated
parameters to be separated and determined. First, we find that the position of
a coalescing massive black hole binary in an ecliptic plane detector, such as
OMEGA, is well-determined with the help of these harmonics. Second, we find
that the individual masses of the stars in a chirping neutron star binary can
be separated because of the mass dependence of the harmonic contributions to
the wave. Finally, we note that supermassive black hole binaries, whose
frequencies are too low to be seen in the detector sensitivity window for long,
may still have their masses, distances, and positions determined since the
information content of the higher harmonics compensates for the information
lost when the orbit-induced modulation of the signal does not last long enough
to be apparent in the data.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Thermal and electromagnetic radiation from dust structures
Dust particle behavior as possible structured arrays for thermal and electromagnetic radiators in space environment
Public knowledge about polar regions increases while concerns remain unchanged
The authors of this brief conduct the first comparative analysis of the polar questions that were part of the National Opinion Research Center\u27s 2006 and 2010 General Social Survey. Developed by scientists at the National Science Foundation\u27s Office of Polar Programs, these questions covered topics such as climate change, melting ice and rising sea levels, and species extinction. The authors report that the public\u27s knowledge about the north and south polar regions significantly improved between 2006 and 2010--before and after the International Polar Year. In addition, respondents who know more about science in general, and polar facts specifically, tend to be more concerned about polar changes. More knowledgeable respondents also tend to favor reserving the Antarctic for science, rather than opening it for commercial development
Filtering post-Newtonian gravitational waves from coalescing binaries
Gravitational waves from inspiralling binaries are expected to be detected
using a data analysis technique known as {\it matched filtering.} This
technique is applicable whenever the form of the signal is known accurately.
Though we know the form of the signal precisely, we will not know {\it a
priori} its parameters. Hence it is essential to filter the raw output through
a host of search templates each corresponding to different values of the
parameters. The number of search templates needed in detecting the Newtonian
waveform characterized by three independent parameters is itself several
thousands. With the inclusion of post-Newtonian corrections the inspiral
waveform will have four independent parameters and this, it was thought, would
lead to an increase in the number of filters by several orders of
magnitude---an unfavorable feature since it would drastically slow down data
analysis. In this paper I show that by a judicious choice of signal parameters
we can work, even when the first post-Newtonian corrections are included, with
as many number of parameters as in the Newtonian case. In other words I
demonstrate that the effective dimensionality of the signal parameter space
does not change when first post-Newtonian corrections are taken into account.Comment: 5 pages, revtex, 2 figures available upon reques
Application of dust for space structures
Physical properties and applications of dust structures in space technolog
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