Tree Stands and Their Productivity Dynamics at the Upper Growing Limit in Khibiny on the Background of Modern Climate Changes

Within the ecotone of the upper limit of woody vegetation on the southeastern macroslope of the Khibiny Mountain ridge (Kola Peninsula), the spatial and age structure, as well as features of the phytomass accumulation of spruce–birch stands, were studied. Analysis revealed that there was a manifold increase in the density and productivity of forest stands in the last century, and the upper border of the woodlands and dense forests has moved considerably higher into the mountains. All of this happened against the background of an increase in early summer temperatures and a longer growing season in the area in the 20th century. Our data will help simulate the response of mountain ecosystems in the region to future climate change. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Model for testing sucker-rod pumping unit operation control algorithms in Simscape Multibody package

The article discloses the basic steps of creating a model of the sucker-rod pumping unit (SRPU) using Simscape Multibody library of MATLAB Simulink software package. The model is used for the development of different algorithms for controlling, monitoring and diagnosing operation of the individual assemblies and the whole mechanism, which are included in the software of the SRPU control station. Some issues of using Multibody library blocks, necessary for complete accounting of pumpjack design features and most accurately reflect the real object properties in the model were discussed. The explanation given for use of instrumentation capabilities for data collection and analysis of the mechanism. Inferences are prospected of practical use of the results obtained in model of SRPU, as well as the further course of the development of this product.Статья раскрывает основные этапы создания модели штанговой глубинной насосной установки (ШГНУ) с использованием библиотеки Simscape Multibody из программного пакета MATLAB Simulink. Модель служит для разработки различных алгоритмов управления, контроля и диагностики работы отдельных агрегатов и механизма в целом, которые входят в состав программного обеспечения станции управления ШГНУ. Подробно раскрыты вопросы использования блоков библиотеки Multibody, необходимых для наиболее полного учета особенностей конструкции станка-качалки и наиболее точного отражения в модели свойств реального объекта. Даны пояснения по поводу использования возможностей полученного инструментария для сбора и анализа данных исследуемого механизма. Приведены выводы о перспективах практического использования результатов, полученных на модели ШГНУ, а также о дальнейшем ходе разработки данного продукта

Sucker-rod pumping units equipment diagnosing facilities

В статье приводятся общие сведения о появлении и применении установок штанговых глубинных насосов (УШГН), и дано описание конструкции такой установки, оснащенной станком-качалкой. Рассмотрены два основных способа для диагностики таких установок: динамометрирование и ваттметрирование. Представлены принципы построения диаграмм и необходимые для этого датчики. Описаны устаревшая и современная реализация динамометрической системы (динамографа). Приведен перечень необходимых для поиска неисправностей параметров, которые можно получить как с использованием динамограммы, так и ваттметрограммы. Сделан вывод о направлении дальнейших исследований в данной области.The common information about appearance and application of the sucker-rod pumping units (SRPU) is presented in this paper, and the pumpjack structure description is given. The two main ways of the unit diagnostics - dynamometry and wattmetry are considered. The approaches for dynamometer card building and necessary sensors are submitted. Stale and modern implementation of the dynamometric system (dynamograph) are depicted. List of essential parameters for a fault search by dint of dynamometer and wattmeter cards is set. The conclusion about a further research direction in this field is made

Application of passive filters for improvement of electromagnetic compatibility of network and induction motor soft starters

В статье рассмотрена эффективность применения фильтрокомпенсирующего устройства с тиристорным преобразователем напряжения, используемым для организации плавного пуска асинхронного двигателя. Изложена методика расчета параметров фильтров, приводятся результаты моделирования, показывающие значительное снижение уровня высших гармоник при использовании фильтрокомпенсирующего устройства, сделан вывод о целесообразности установки ФКУ в тиристорных системах плавного пуска АД.The paper discusses using of passive filters with thyristor soft starter. Filter parameters calculation procedure is described. Simulation results show that using of passive filters greatly reduce higher harmonics levels

Gold nanoparticles - the theranostic challenge for PPPM: nanocardiology application

The article overviews the potential biomedical applications of nanoscale gold particles for predictive, preventive and personalised nanomedicine in cardiology. The review demonstrates the wide opportunities for gold nanoparticles due to their unique biological properties. The use of gold nanoparticles in cardiology is promising to develop fundamentally new methods of diagnosis and treatment. The nanotheranostics in cardiovascular diseases allows the non-invasive imaging associated with simultaneous therapeutic intervention and predicting treatment outcomes. Imaging may reflect the effectiveness of treatment and has become a fundamental optimisation setting for therapeutic protocol. Combining the application of biomolecular and cellular therapies with nanotechnologies foresees the development of complex integrated nanodevices. Nanocardiology may challenge existing healthcare system and economic benefits as cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality at present

The analysis of methylation of DNA promoter of SFRP2 gene in patients with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium

The hyperplastic processes of the endometrium can arise not only against the background of excessive influence of estrogen, but also against the background of epigenetic damages that affect apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion, and DNA reparation. The aim of our study was to investigate and analyze the status of methylation of the promoter of SFRP2 gene in patients with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium. Materials and Methods: The study groups were the following: I — patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH, n = 9); II — patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN, n = 10), III — control groups: 1) with endometrial cancer (EC, n = 4), and 2) healthy women (n = 4). Determination of promoter methylation of SFRP2 gene was carried out by the semiquantitative method of methylation-specific PCR assay. Results: The maximum level of methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter had been revealed in patients with EC — 42.80 ± 3.55% (р < 0.05). The patients of the I group had the lowest values of methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter — 10.66 ± 0.85%, while in patients of the II group this indicator was higher — 20.60 ± 0.95% (р < 0.05). In healthy women of the control group, methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter was detected in none of the samples. Conclusion: The content of the methylated SFRP2 gene in endometrial tissue of patients with hyperplastic processes higher than 20–25% allows relate these women to the risk group of EC development and dictates the need of intensive observation of such patients