467 research outputs found
Neuropathological findings and staging in dementia
Dementia is a clinical syndrome with the development of impairment in multiple cognitive functions (including memory), severe enough to interfere with activities of daily living, as the main symptom. There are a large number of disorders that can lead to dementia, and neuropathological examination after death is necessary to determine the underlying cause with certainty. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate neuropathological findings in patients with dementia and neuropathological staging of dementia disorders, the main potential gain being increased epidemiological knowledge and improved neuropathological dementia diagnostics. We could confirm the generally accepted opinion that on a neuropathological basis, Alzheimerâs disease (AD) is the most common dementia disorder, followed by vascular dementia (VaD) and mixed AD+VaD. Also, in a significant number of patients, the clinical dementia subtype diagnosis does not correspond with the neuropathological findings. Furthermore, degeneration of the nucleus locus coeruleus, often seen already macroscopically, generally indicates the diagnoses Lewy body disease (LBD) or AD among the demented, while a preserved locus coeruleus occurs mainly in VaD and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Moreover, various neuropathological staging systems for AD differ in procedure and targeted pathology, and the choice of system affects the judgement of Alzheimer pathology and hence the final diagnosis. Also, various neuropathological LBD staging systems differ in applicability and to some extent in the judgment of Lewy-related pathology
Standardized toolchain and model development for video quality assessment: the mission of the joint effort group in VQEG
International audienceSince 1997, the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) has been active in the field of subjective and objective video quality assessment. The group has validated competitive quality metrics throughout several projects. Each of these projects requires mandatory actions such as creating a testplan and obtaining databases consisting of degraded video sequences with corresponding subjective quality ratings. Recently, VQEG started a new open initiative, the Joint Effort Group (JEG), for encouraging joint collaboration on all mandatory actions needed to validate video quality metrics. Within the JEG, effort is made to advance the field of both subjective and objective video quality measurement by providing proper software tools and subjective databases to the community. One of the subprojects of the JEG is the joint development of a hybrid H.264/AVC objective quality metric. In this paper, we introduce the JEG and provide an overview of the different ongoing activities within this newly started group
Ăgare och kapital : klass och genus hos kapitalĂ€gare i Sverige 1918-1939
"Owners and capital. Class and gender among capital owners in Sweden 1918-1939" The thesis examines practices of gender and class among capital owners in Sweden during the period 1918-1939, through the analysis of two of the most powerful families of the time: Broström and Wehtje. The theoretical frame is an attempt to develop an intersectional perspective through the combination of several theoretical perspectives: Eric Olin Wright's model of class analysis; Pierre BourdieuÂŽs concept of social and cultural capital, Raewyn ConnellÂŽs understanding of gender and hegemonic masculinity and Robert Miles analysis of racism through the term racialisation. The empirical material is a qualitative text analysis based on personal/private letters and business correspondence. Four relevant outcomes have been identified. The first one point to the difficulties in defining class on the basis of cultural criteria due to the variation in cultural practices among capital owners, which make the group appear as elusive and contradictory. Instead, the thesis argues for a distinction between class as position, which in line with Wrightâs model is defined by the relation to the means of production, and class as a practice, which is examined on the basis of Bourdieu's metaphor of cultural and social capital. The second highlights variations in the practices of masculinity visible in the empirical material, variations that confirms Demetriakis Demetriousâ expansion of the concept of hegemonic masculinity toward the notion of a hegemonic block. The third illuminates the concept of moral economy as a means to analyse the contradictory norms that shaped and regulated the capital ownerÂŽs economic behaviour. The study also analyses the emotional regime expressed in the ways through which the capital owners studied relate to key topics as technology and management, and emphasises how norms and emotions influence economic decisions. Finally, some women within these families had, despite their subordinated position, an arena for agency and relative autonomy
Stureholm
Stureholm Manor and garden is a relatively young farming unit on clay soil in the north
western part of SkÄne, a province in Southern Sweden. Since the middle of the 19th century
the landscape has been actively cultivated and has been transformed from oak forrest into
farmingland of high efficiency.
The industrial era during the 19th and 20th centuries meant new posssibilites for cultivation of
these clay soils. With equipment like steam ploughs and the possibility to obtain fertilizers,
the harvest increased considerably. This increased prosperity provided estate Stureholm with
a beatuiful corps de logi, a manor.
The trends prevailing in Europe around the turn of the century 1800-1900 against the growing
industrialism, was turned into a artisan movement known as Arts and Craft. The Swedish
followers idealized our Swedish history and they took the turn of a national romantic
movement that later turned into neoclassicism. The neoclassical movements had strong
support among Swedish garden architects such as the Crown Princess Margareta and Rudolf
Abelin among others. They have both founded their own renowned gardens in SkÄne, Sofiero
in Helsingborg and Norrviken in BĂ„stad, both excellent examples of neoclassicism.
National romantic features are demonstrated at Stureholm Manor and gardens with it's
pergola. Two productive personalites from Helsingborg, architect Ola Andersson and the
town gardenarchitect Oscar Landsberg were employed to actualize the dreams of a paradise
that Sture and Alice Brunnström wished to create at Stureholm. Their Manor was completed
1912 and in 1918 the formal garden with its pergola was laid out.
The garden of the Manor should not only be for pleasure. Very early on big plans were made
for fruit orchards and a greenhouse. Hazelbushes were planted, beds for asparagus dug. A
peachhouse, garden beds for growing vegetables and berrys were all needed along with
somewhere to grow annuals (summerflowers). It was quite a large garden and to make it all
possible a headgardener was employed. His responsibility being to manage and maintain the
garden and to secure harvest for the Manors family and their guests all the months of the year,
may it be fruit or flowers.
Not only a productive garden but a garden for enjoyment for both the family, their children
and of course their many guests, has been undergoing many natural changes during the almost
one hundred years that have now passed. The garden that originally was laid out is still there
but much of it's original living material has not survived our Swedish climat. The gardens
formal architecture, the pergola, needs to be restored. Descisions for the future have been
taken and a general plan has been drafted, which also include plans that should give the
garden a renewed beauty. Other plans also include major developments for the estate, since
pigglet production stopped in 2002.
Since a few of decades ago the Manor regretfully no longer employs a headgardener. The
orchard with apple- and peartrees has became overaged and most of the trees are now gone.
Subsequently the buildings are also in need of restoration. The old orchards are now history
and in their place an arboretum is in the planning. Hopefully like an english landscape park
with paths crossing through the lawn, new sightlines and new places to sit, this hopefully will
give more opportunity to enjoy the garden, the park and the arcitechture, that already so well
interacts with the old oak forest.
Knowledge about the farm, the Manor and it's gardenhistory, combined with my own studies
in gardenhistory and practical gardening has had some influence of how this work of exams
had developped into a report that tells the story and history of Stureholms Manor and garden.
A historical documentation has been the main goal in this work of exams but it has also
resulted in a new way to manage and maintain the garden.
Most of the historic material has been retrieved from the Manor archive. Through
litteraturestudies many answers and suggestions have been confirmed, like pieces in a puzzle
completing the historical puzzle. The knowledge from eyewitneses among some important
persons has been revealed through interviews and photos from family albums, both from
historic and present time. To make it possible to understand the aim with future develop- and
management a scheme has been drawn up by a student of landscape architechture and has
been included in this work of exams and completed with guidelines for future measures and
management. The guidelines are based on my own observations and knowhow that I have
achieved through studies and courses in landscape- and gardenmanagement.
The economic possiblitys to maintain the Manor garden with todays agricultural politics is
even harder now than one hundred years ago. Today it's no longer possible to have a
headgardener on staff, maybe it wasn't even in the early days. Todays salarys and taxes for
both the employeer and the employée are insuperable. This means some new and creative
solutions need to comeforth in order to keep a garden of such well maintained.
International trends of today and especially in England have put focus on garden as an artform
which have resulted in an increased interest for gardens and especially for historic gardens.
An english organisation, the National Trust, take care of historic gardens and landscapes with
especially rare and vulnerable nature among other things. These areas are often made into
public places and the maintenance is conducted by both employees and voluntarians. In
Sweden we have no organisation like the National Trust (that is independent of government),
RiksantikvarieÀmbetet and LÀnsstyrelserna are responsible for the maintenance of items and
areas of special historic values, classified by the law KML (Kulturminneslagen).
This report also includes ideas of changing forms and new forms in parts of the garden and
the farmarea, ideas that might lead to new directions for both the buildings on the farm and in
the garden. Mainly this report contains facts about the Manor and the gardens coming into
being and which influenses Rudolf Abelin and his plans for the Manor garden as an idea, has
had. A history which is important not to overlook when ideas of developing and future
changes are discussed and planned. As a support for future decisions about priority of
maintenance and changes this work also includes an overall illustrated plan of maintenance
areas, dividied into smaller areas. Within each small area suggested ideas of new forms or
changes have been considered and made into guidelines for coming measures and goals for
maintenance.
To maintain the garden at present status demands a family with a large interest in gardening.
But to restore and conserve it to it's original demands great economic effort. The measures
that's needed to conserve the garden architecture, the pergola, the sunken lawns, the hedges of
beech and redoak, the forest of descidious trees, are highly prioritized. It is a project of high
costs that could be done during a longer period of time without economic support, but with
support from the government it might be possible to conserve the garden more rapidly and it's
surroundings could be an area for more public recreation.Stureholms gÄrd och trÀdgÄrd Àr en relativt ung gÄrdsenhet pÄ den nordvÀstskÄnska lerjorden.
Sedan mitten av 1800-talet har landskapet aktivt bearbetats och genomgÄtt en förvandling frÄn
ekskog till ett högeffektivt jordbrukslandskap.
Industrialismen under 1800- och 1900-talet medförde nya möjligheter att bruka dessa
lerjordar. Med redskap som Ängplogar och möjligheter att köpa handelsgödsel kunde
skördarna ökas betydligt. Ett vÀlstÄnd som bidrog till att gÄrden Stureholm kunde förses med
ett vackert corps de logi, en borg.
De strömningar som rÄdde i Europa vid tiden kring sekelskiftet 1900 som protest mot
industrialismen, formades till en hantverksrörelse, kÀnd som Arts- and Craftsrörelsen. Dess
svenska anhÀngare vurmade för vÄr svenska historia och strömningen kom i Sverige att kallas
för nationalromantisk och den övergick senare i nyklassicism. De nyklassiska strömningarna,
hade starka föresprÄkare bland svenska trÀdgÄrdsarkitekter, Kronprinsessan Margareta och
Rudolf Abelin Àr nÄgra av dem. De har bÄda anlagt egna praktfulla trÀdgÄrdar i SkÄne, Sofiero
i Helsingborg och Norrviken i BÄstad, bÄda utmÀrkta exempel pÄ nyklassicism.
De nationalromantiska dragen Àr nÄgot som ocksÄ har avspeglats i Stureholms borg och
trÀdgÄrd med sin pergola. TvÄ produktiva Helsingborgspersonligheter, arkitekt Ola Andersson
och stadstrÀdgÄrdsmÀstare Oscar Landsberg, Àr mÀnnen som anlitades för att rita de drömmar
om ett paradis som Sture och Alice Brunnström ville förverkliga pĂ„ Stureholm. Ă
r 1912 stod
deras bostad fÀrdig och Är 1918 var den formella trÀdgÄrden, pergolan, anlagd.
HerrgÄrdstrÀdgÄrden skulle dock inte bara vara till nöje. Redan tidigt hade man planerat för
fruktodlingar, vÀxthus, hassellundar, sparrisbÀddar, persikohus, trÀdgÄrdsland och
sommarblomster. Det var mycket trÀdgÄrden skulle bjuda pÄ och för att klara detta anstÀlldes
en trÀdgÄrdsmÀstare som var ansvarig för att det Äret runt fanns nÄgot trÀdgÄrden kunde bjuda.
En trÀdgÄrd Àven till nöje, med plats för lek, avsedd för bÄde familjens vuxna och barn, och
mÄnga gÀster, har under Ärens lopp förÀndrats. Den trÀdgÄrd som ursprungligen anlades finns
kvar, men det förÀnderliga vÀxtmaterialet har inte uthÀrdat svenska klimatförhÄllanden.
TrÀdgÄrdens stomme, pergolan, behöver restaureras och för att kunna göra rÀtt val inför och i
framtiden, har ett gestaltningsförslag tagits fram som Àven innefattar ett förskönande av
gĂ„rden. Ăven gĂ„rdens verksamhet har förĂ€ndrats under Ă„rens gĂ„ng, bland annat har
djurproduktionen upphört i stallarna frÄn Är 2002.
Sedan ett antal decennier har trÀdgÄrden inte heller nÄgon anstÀlld trÀdgÄrdsmÀstare, Àppleoch
pÀrontrÀd har blivit för gamla och trÀdgÄrdens byggnader Àr i behov av renovering. De
gamla fruktodlingarna skall gÄ ett nytt liv till mötes men nu Àr det planerat att bli ett
arboretum, en trÀdsamling, likt en engelsk park med klippta gÄngar i grÀset. Med nya
siktlinjer och nya platser att sitta ned för att njuta av trÀdgÄrden, park och av den arkitektur
som kunde förena sig sÄ vÀl med platsens ekskog.
Kunskap om gÄrdens och trÀdgÄrdens historia kombinerat med studier i trÀdgÄrdshistoria och
trÀdgÄrdars skötsel har för detta arbete inneburit att en historia om hur landskapet och
Stureholms gÄrdsenhet med trÀdgÄrd kommit till har kunnat nedtecknas. En historisk
dokumentation har varit ett huvudsyfte i detta arbete men det Àr ocksÄ ett arbete som innebÀr
ett nytt förhÄllningssÀtt till trÀdgÄrden. Skall den vara till bÄde nytta och nöje Àven idag?
Det historiska materialet har Äterfunnits i framförallt det egna gÄrdsarkivet men Àven
litteraturen har gett stöd och svar som kunnat lÀggas som pusselbitar till det historiska pusslet.
Den ögonvittneskunskap som finns hos en del nyckelpersoner har framkommit genom
intervjuer och genom fotodokumentation, bÄde i historisk tid och nutid. För att förstÄ
mÄlsÀttningen med framtida utvecklings- och skötselplaner har en plan över trÀdgÄrden tagits
fram med hjÀlp av en landskapsarkitektstudent. Den framtagna planen har i detta arbete
kompletterats med riktlinjer för framtida ÄtgÀrder och skötsel. Riktlinjerna baserar sig pÄ egna
observationer och kunskaper inhÀmtade genom studier i Àmnet landskaps- och
trÀdgÄrdsteknik.
Med de ekonomiska möjligheter som ges med dagens jordbrukspolitik kÀnns svÄngremmen
betydligt hÄrdare för trÀdgÄrdens skötsel Àn vad den föreföll vara för etthundra Är sedan. Idag
Àr det inte möjligt att förse en trÀdgÄrdsmÀstare med en Ärslön för att sköta trÀdgÄrden. Det var
det kanske inte heller i begynnelsen men med dagens löneansprÄk och omkostnader för bÄde
anstÀlld och företagare Àr det omöjligt. Det vill till andra kreativa lösningar fÄr att hÄlla en
herrgÄrdstrÀdgÄrd vÀlskött.
De trender som finns internationellt, framförallt i England, dÀr trÀdgÄrdskonsten Àr upphöjd
till en konstart har medför ett ökat intresse för trÀdgÄrdar och framförallt för historiska sÄdana.
The National Trust Àr en stiftelse som tar över och ibland köper trÀdgÄrdar och annan
skyddsvÀrd natur. Dessa omrÄden blir oftast sedan till publika platser pÄ olika sÀtt och
skötseln kan ofta utföras av dels anstÀllda men ofta Àr den ocksÄ baserad pÄ
volontÀrverksamhet. I Sverige finns inget liknande, det Àr RiksantikvarieÀmbetet och
LÀnsstyrelserna som hanterar Àrenden om att skydda kulturhistoriska vÀrden enligt KML
(Kulturminneslagen).
Detta arbete innehÄller gestaltning av idéer som kan ge Stureholms gÄrd och trÀdgÄrd en
grund för andra verksamhetsgrenar Àn enbart jordbruket men framförallt innehÄller det fakta
om hur gÄrden och trÀdgÄrden har uppkommit och pÄverkan av Rudolf Abelins tankar om
herrgÄrdstrÀdgÄrden som idé. En historia som inte fÄr förbises nÀr nya tankar och andra
verksamhetsgrenar blir aktuella att diskutera. För att vara ett stöd för framtida beslut om
prioritering av skötsel och ÄtgÀrder finns i detta arbete en översikt över hela gÄrdsenheten som
ett skötselomrÄde, uppdelat i delomrÄden. Inom varje delomrÄde har de idéer som formulerats
och gestaltats beaktats och prioriterats i riktlinjer för ÄtgÀrder och skötselmÄl.
För att sköta trÀdgÄrden i det skick den nu Àr krÀvs det en trÀdgÄrdsintresserad familj men för
att restaurera och bevara trÀdgÄrden i det skick som den ursprungligen var tÀnkt krÀvs en
större ekonomisk insats. De ÄtgÀrder som behövs för att bevara trÀdgÄrdens stomme, pergolan
och de nedsÀnkta grÀsmattorna, hÀckarna av bok och rödek och inte minst Àdellövskogen,
kÀnns angelÀgna att genomföra. Det Àr kostsamt och kommer troligen att kunna genomföras
pÄ sikt Àven utan hjÀlp. Med hjÀlp frÄn intresserade myndigheter kan det ske i ett snabbare
tempo och trÀdgÄrden med omgivande park och viltskog kan bli ett omrÄde som ocksÄ kan fÄ
komma en intresserad allmÀnhet till del
Stureholms myllrande vÄtmark under 250 Är
Vatten, en förutsÀttning för livet pÄ jorden. För att kunna odla jorden krÀvs vatten bÄde i form av nederbörd och vÀxttillgÀngligt vatten. Alltför stor okontrollerbar tillgÄng till vatten kan skapa odlingsproblem pÄ Äkermark, i skog samt i trÀdgÄrd och park. FÄ vÀxter klarar lÀngre perioder av översvÀmning, de flesta riskerar att dö av bristen pÄ syre. Alltsedan antikens dagar har mÀnniskan med smÄ medel reglerat sitt vattenbehov. I takt med en vÀxande befolkning har behovet av mark för odling ökat. Med statliga medel började man i Sverige ta vÄta marker och sjöar i ansprÄk genom torrlÀggning och nyodling. Alla marker visade sig i lÀngden inte vara lÀmpliga för odling och behovet att avleda vatten genom olika former av dikning tilltog under 1800-talet. Den agrara revolutionen under 1800-talet accelererade och pÄverkan pÄ vattnets vÀgar tilltog. Ett förut relativt fuktigt och kÀrrtÀckt landskap i nordvÀstra SkÄne, dÀr denna fallstudie utförs, utvecklades till ett landskap genomkorsat av öppna diken. Genom att tÀcka diken och lÀgga drÀneringsrör i kulvert kunde de tidigare smÄ skiftena mark utvecklas till de stora odlingsfÀlt vi idag ser. Efterhand som de nedgrÀvda drÀneringssystemen har förÄldrats har de i de flesta fall ersatts av moderna plastmaterial.
Genom Sveriges EU-intrĂ€de 1995 fick vi en ny jordbrukspolitik kallad OmstĂ€llning -90. Under en period i slutet av 1900-talet infördes trĂ€desbidrag för att lĂ€gga överskottsmark i vila. Idag har vi genom EU-beslut 16 miljömĂ„l att fylla, Myllrande vĂ„tmarker Ă€r ett av dessa. Under de cirka 150 Ă„r som gĂ„tt sedan den agrara revolutionen pĂ„gick som mest, har pendeln svĂ€ngt frĂ„n Ă„ ena sidan beslutet om att vinna odlingsland genom att leda bort vatten, till den andra sidan, att nu anvĂ€nda den mest lĂ€mpade vĂ„ta marken till vĂ„tmark. Ăr den mest lĂ€mpade vĂ„ta marken för vĂ„tmark alltid den mest lĂ€mpade platsen att anlĂ€gga vĂ„tmark pĂ„? Enligt forskningsprojektet Vastra Ă€r en vĂ„tmark i första hand avsedd som nĂ€ringsfĂ€lla, vilket gör att en placering i odlingslandskapet med omgivande Ă„kermark Ă€r en lĂ€mplig plats för en vĂ„tmarksanlĂ€ggning. För att motivera anvĂ€ndning av ekonomiska medel för anlĂ€ggning av vĂ„tmarker Ă€r mĂ„ngfasetterad anvĂ€ndning av ytvattenresurserna en möjlighet och en önskan. NĂ„got som gynnar en ökad biologisk mĂ„ngfald, men som ocksĂ„ kan ge ökade möjligheter till rekreation och kunskapsinhĂ€mtning i ett historiskt kultur- och odlingslandskap.
I mitt kandidatarbete inom landskapsingenjörsprogrammet Ă„r 2004 har jag beskrivit Stureholm â en herrgĂ„rdstrĂ€dgĂ„rds historia, utveckling och framtida skötselmĂ„l. Fem Ă„r har gĂ„tt och nĂ€r jag nu blickar tillbaka pĂ„ det första arbetet finns följande att lĂ€sa under rubriken âRiktlinjer för Ă„tgĂ€rder och skötsel med underrubrik drĂ€nering:
âDet dĂ„liga fallet gör att det ofta blir vatten stĂ„ende och bland annat detta har troligen varit en bidragande orsak till att delar av lindallĂ©n vid landsvĂ€gen har dött. Att öppna upp en djupare damm i ytteromrĂ„det Ă„t öster, dĂ€r hjortar kan söka vatten och svalka, kanske kan vara en möjlighet vĂ€rd att undersöka, för att leda vatten bort frĂ„n parken och skogen, vid höga vattenflöden.â(
Brunnström, 2004,s.57)
Tanken pÄ en översvÀmningsyta fanns sÄledes redan 2004, mÄhÀnda Àn tidigare, men dÄ tÀnkt av andra. Sammanslagningen av egendomarna Stureholm och Bjerbolund Är 2005 blev inledningen pÄ en översyn av markanvÀndningen och vilka möjligheter till rationaliseringar som fanns. Egna önskemÄl och tankar om jordbruket och landskapets utveckling, inom ramarna för den Ànnu i dag kontrollerade mark- och vattenanvÀndningen, har sammantaget med god rÄdgivning och finansiella möjligheter i fallet Stureholm och Bjerbolund, lett till en nöjd vÄtmarksÀgare. I samarbete med lÀnsstyrelse och projektörer har gemensamma mÄl och krafter lett till en fördröjning av vattnets vÀg till havet, positivt ur mÄnga aspekter
Identification of arachidonic acid metabolites formed through the 15-lipoxygenase-1 pathway
The polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid is the precursor of many biologically active lipid mediators. This thesis is focused on the arachidonic acid metabolites formed through the 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) pathway.
The formation and the biological effects of mediators formed through cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase pathways are well characterized. The 15-LO-1 is less studied but several lines of evidence suggest a role for 15-LO-1 in asthma and other inflammatory diseases. In this thesis, eosinophils, mast cells, airway epithelial cells and the Hodgkin L1236 cell line were found to express 15-LO-1. In mast cells and airway epithelial cells, IL-4 stimulation increased the expression of 15-LO-1. Stimulation of eosinophils with pro-inflammatory agents and osmotic activation of mast cells by mannitol resulted in activation of the 15-LO-1 pathway. Bacterial infection as well as mechanical injury of the epithelial cells in the respiratory tract are well-known triggers of asthma attacks. These stimuli also increased the formation of 15-HETE in primary airway epithelial cells. Increased amounts of 15-LO-1 were found in bronchial biopsies from asthmatic patients compared to healthy volunteers. 15-LO-1 was also positively stained in Hodgkin lymphoma biopsies localized in the Hodgkin- Reed Sternberg cells, indicating a therapeutic or diagnostic relevance for 15-LO-1 in Hodgkin lymphoma.
Analysis with LC-MS/MS identified the novel metabolite 14,15-LTC4. This metabolite was given the name eoxin C4 (EXC4) since eosinophils were a rich source of this metabolite. In addition, mast cells, airway epithelial cells, nasal polyps and L1236 cells could also produce EXC4. This metabolite was converted to EXD4 and EXE4 in eosinophils and L1236 cells. The cysteinyl-eoxins were shown to be 100 times more potent than histamine and almost as potent as cysteinyl-leukotrienes to increase the transendothelial permeability. Increased permeability and vascular leakage is a hallmark of inflammation, which is an important feature of asthma. Both LTC4 synthase and certain soluble glutathione S-transferases were found to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with EXA4 leading to the formation of EXC4. The animal ortholog of 15-LO-1, the 12/15-LO, was also found to generate EXC4, indicating that studies on animals can be predictive of the function of 15-LO-1 in human.
Besides the cysteinyl-eoxins, the Hodgkin L1236 cell line also converted arachidonic acid into the 14,15- hepoxilin (Hx) A3 11(S) and 14,15-HxB3 13(R) as well as 14,15-HxA3-C and 14,15-HxA3-D. The 14,15-HxA3 11(S) and 14,15-HxB3 13(R) were also identified in eosinophils, dendritic cells and nasal polyps. The Hodgkin lymphoma tumor only consists of a minority of malignant cells and the main part is inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils and mast cells. A potential role of 15-LO-1 could be to facilitate the inflammatory features of this disease.
In essence, this thesis demonstrates that the 15-LO-1 pathway can convert arachidonic acid to many different metabolites with potential pro-inflammatory effects
Effect of content characteristics on quality of experience of adaptive streaming
The growing popularity of adaptive streaming-based video delivery nowadays has raised the interest about the user's perception when experiencing quality adaptation. The impact of the video content characteristics on user's perceptual quality has already become evident. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of this factor on the quality of experience of adaptive streaming scenarios. Our results show that the perceptual quality of adaptation strategies applied on videos with high spatial and low temporal amount of activity is significantly lower compared to the other content types
Subjective quality assessment of error concealment strategies for 3DTV in the presence of asymmetric transmission errors
International audienceThe transmission of 3DTV sequences over packet based networks may result in degradations of the video quality due to packet loss. In the conventional 2D case, several different strategies are known for extrapolating the missing information and thus concealing the error. In 3D however, the residual error after concealment of one view might leads to binocular rivalry with the correctly received second view. In this paper, three simple alternatives are presented: frame freezing, a reduced playback speed, and displaying only a single view for both eyes, thus effectively switching to 2D presentation. In a subjective experiment the performance in terms of quality of experience of the three methods is evaluated for different packet loss scenarios. Error-free encoded videos at different bit rates have been included as anchor conditions. The subjective experiment method contains special precautions for measuring the Quality of Experience (QoE) for 3D content and also contains an indicator for visual discomfort. The results indicate that switching to 2D is currently the best choice but difficulties with visual discomfort should be expected even for this method
STANDARDIZED TOOLCHAIN AND MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR VIDEO QUALITY ASSESSMENT - THE MISSION OF THE JOINT EFFORT GROUP IN VQEG
International audienceSince 1997, the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) has been active in the field of subjective and objective video quality assessment. The group has validated competitive quality metrics throughout several projects. Each of these projects requires mandatory actions such as creating a testplan and obtaining databases consisting of degraded video sequences with corresponding subjective quality ratings. Recently, VQEG started a new open initiative, the Joint Effort Group (JEG), for encouraging joint collaboration on all mandatory actions needed to validate video quality metrics. Within the JEG, effort is made to advance the field of both subjective and objective video quality measurement by providing proper software tools and subjective databases to the community. One of the subprojects of the JEG is the joint development of a hybrid H.264/AVC objective quality metric. In this paper, we introduce the JEG and provide an overview of the different ongoing activities within this newly started group
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