Etanercept Improves Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress Measures in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Objective.To investigate the effect of 1-year treatment with the anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) drug etanercept on lipid profile and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Thirty children with JIA (22 females; mean age 12.3 ± SD 5.7 yrs), all eligible for anti-TNF-α treatment, were assessed at baseline and after 6- and 12-month treatment with etanercept. Disease activity was determined using the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS). Blood samples were drawn to measure the acute-phase reactants C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lipids, and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and interferon-γ. To measure the oxidative stress marker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, 24-h urine samples were collected.Results.Inflammatory indicators (CRP and ESR) and JADAS scores improved significantly after 1 year of etanercept treatment (all p < 0.001). Proinflammatory cytokines showed significant reduction during the study period (all p < 0.001). Similar reductions were detected in total cholesterol (p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.04), and triglycerides (p < 0.001), whereas no significant change was found in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. No side effects were observed during the treatment period.Conclusion.This study shows for the first time that anti-TNF-α therapy for JIA is associated not only with a beneficial effect on clinical disease activity and inflammatory indexes, but also with improved lipid profile and oxidative stress. These findings suggest that TNF-α blockers might reduce atherosclerotic risk in children with JIA

Futsal in Field with Variable Dimensions

This study aims to verify how the variation of game area in futsal game alters the requirement for each athlete. It is an empirical study with transversal characteristics. The sample consisted of six young, male, aged between 16 and 26 years, with experience playing futsal. The independent variable was the square footage of the field per athlete. The dependent variables were the number of contacts with the ball, passing, dribbling/feints, shooting and ball stolen and the number of errors passing, dribbling/feints and shooting and total goals scored. Games were conducted with two teams in 3x3 format players with open goals. The goal was valid if they shots were after the half court. The procedures follow the criterion of game space simulation in accordance with the minimum and maximum of futsal rules in sizes from 80m2, 45m2 and 25m2 for each player dimensions. Whereas the 6 subjects, the games had spaces of 30mx16m, 24mx11m and 17.5mx8.5m respectively, totaling 480m2, 265m2 and 148.7m2. A team made more passes than other by possession. Game actions should always be relativised to have summed and actual results of what happened. The biggest field was no decrease in the shots errors. The percentage of time played was higher in the biggest field, which is more interesting for the fans and the press

Autoinflammatory syndromes: diagnosis and management

During the last decades the description of autoinflammatory syndromes induced great interest among the scientific community. Mainly rheumatologists, immunologists and pediatricians are involved in the discovery of etiopathogenesis of these syndromes and in the recognition of affected patients. In this paper we will discuss the most important clues of monogenic and non-genetic inflammatory syndromes to help pediatricians in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases

Principais influências dos hormônios sexuais nos procedimentos odontológicos feminino na fase climatérica / Main influences of sex hormones in female dental procedures in the climacteric phase

O climatério constitui o período de transição da vida da mulher, caracterizado pela redução progressiva dos hormônios sexuais estrógeno e progesterona, que atuam em diferentes funções como restaurar e regenerar os tecidos da cavidade bucal, dentre outras. Devido a essa baixa hormonal, a mulher torna-se mais propensa a manifestações de doenças, favorecendo alguns processos inflamatórios no tecido periodontal, provocando mobilidade e perda dentária, descamações e retrações gengivais, dentre outros distúrbios.: Este estudo visa conscientizar o cirurgião dentista sobre a importância dos fatores predisponentes advindos desse período, das suas consequências e sobre o comprometimento que a baixa desses hormônios implica diretamente na saúde oral e como otimizar uma adequação do meio bucal que possa minimizar os sintomas e obter uma melhor qualidade de vida para essas pacientes. O presente trabalho referiu-se ao estudo integrativo de revisão da literatura, de caráter descritivo e com abordagem qualitativa, onde foram realizadas as buscas por conteúdos retirados de fontes secundárias, entre os períodos de 2014 à 2022, dentre as quais, Livros Teóricos, outras publicações científicas e artigos por buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas: Pub Med, Scielo, Lilacs e o Google Acadêmico. Foram utillizados os seguintes descritores (DeCS: climatério/climateric, hormônios sexuais/sex hormones, doenças periodontais/periodontal diseases.) Este estudo teve por finalidade analisar de que forma os hormônios sexuais interferem na condição bucal das pacientes que passam pela fase do climatério

Ontosemiotic Approach to Cognition and Mathematical Instruction: continuing education in master's and doctoral productions in Brazil (2016-2020)

Objetiva-se, neste artigo, a partir da Teoria da Abordagem Ontossemiótica da Cognição e Instrução Matemática, compreender os elementos presentes na formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais, a partir de um estudo das dissertações e teses brasileiras produzidas entre 2016 e 2020. Justifica-se este estudo, pois a Abordagem Ontossemiótica trata-se de uma teoria recente no campo da Educação Matemática que tem mostrado um uso crescente em cursos de formação de professores no Brasil. A perspectiva metodológica de análise dos dados abordada é a qualitativa, pautada na Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados mostram que a formação continuada de professores de matemática, em conjunto com as ferramentas da Abordagem Ontossemiótica, desperta reflexões sobre a prática docente e a mudança da mesma, mobilizando conhecimentos para melhor desenvolvimento de posturas críticas e reflexivas dos professores nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática

Efeitos fisiológicos e hormonais do treinamento concorrente na diminuição da sarcopenia em idosos – uma revisão de literatura

Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterized by a gradual decrease in muscle mass by aging, altering musculoskeletal functionality and physical performance related to human movement. In addition, other disorders are identified: increased oxidative stress and intramuscular adipocytes, decreased protein synthesis, systemic changes and neuromuscular integrity. The incidence in Brazil varies from 5 to 32% and this disease is classified as mild, moderate and severe. Our objective was to identify the physiological and hormonal effects of concurrent training in these elderly and to verify the effectiveness of this training. Methods: All processes carried out followed the principles of the Research Ethics Committee of FHO for bibliographic review research, registered under the number 047/2018 and were developed based on studies found in the platforms Scielo, PubMed and Google Scholar, using the following nomenclatures: "sarcopenia", "elderly" and "concurrent training", "physiological effects" and "hormones" and then selecting only studies relevant to the research theme. Development: Physical training is essential and acts as an adjunct or primary element in the treatment of sarcopenia, depending on whether there is pharmacological intervention or not. One of the methodologies of physical training used in this population is concurrent training - the combination of resistance exercises and aerobic exercises, dynamic and interval, promoting several positive physiological adaptations for this public. Conclusion: Concurrent training is positive in combating sarcopenia and its causes, allowing the patient a collection of morphological, physiological and hormonal benefits that will allow increased quality of life and social self-esteem.Introdução: A sarcopenia caracteriza-se pela diminuição gradativa de massa muscular pelo envelhecimento, alterando a funcionalidade musculoesquelética e desempenho físico relacionado ao movimento humano. Ademais, outros distúrbios são identificados: aumento do estresse oxidativo e adipócitos intramusculares, diminuição na síntese proteica, alterações sistêmicas e na integridade neuromuscular. A incidência no Brasil varia de 5 a 32% e essa doença se classifica em leve, moderada e severa. Objetivo: Nosso objetivo foi identificar os efeitos fisiológicos e hormonais advindos do treinamento concorrente nestes idosos e verificar a efetividade desse treinamento. Métodos: Todos os processos realizados acataram os princípios do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FHO para pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, inscrito sob o número CEP 047/2018 e foram desenvolvidos baseados em estudos encontrados nas plataformas Scielo, PubMed e Google Acadêmico, utilizando as seguintes nomenclaturas: “sarcopenia”, “idosos” e “treinamento concorrente”, “efeitos fisiológicos” e “hormônios” e depois selecionando apenas os estudos pertinentes ao tema da pesquisa. Desenvolvimento: O treinamento físico é essencial e atua como elemento coadjuvante ou principal no tratamento da sarcopenia, dependendo se há intervenção farmacológica ou não. Uma das metodologias de treinamento físico utilizadas nessa população é o treinamento concorrente – junção de exercícios resistidos e exercícios aeróbios, de caráter dinâmico e intervalado, promovendo várias adaptações fisiológicas positivas para este público. Conclusão: O treinamento concorrente é positivo no combate da sarcopenia e suas causas, possibilitando ao paciente um acervo de benefícios morfológicos, fisiológicos e hormonais que permitirão aumento da qualidade de vida e autoestima social

A case of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease

Introduction: Porto-sinusoidal vascular syndrome is characterised by specific histological changes that do not include cirrhosis, with or without portal hypertension. Patients are usually asymptomatic until development of portal hypertension complications. Case description: A 69-year-old female with history of JAK2 positive essential thrombocythemia (ET) was referred to internal medicine consultation due to elevated liver enzymes. The patient had no previous history of liver disease. Seven months earlier, she had an ischaemic stroke and started treatment with atorvastatin. After discontinuing medication, liver enzymes returned to normal and atorvastatin-related drug-induced liver disease (DILI) was presumed. During a follow-up visit, iron deficiency anaemia was detected and an endoscopic study was performed. It revealed a gastric varix actively bleeding, which was successfully treated with cyanoacrylate. Two months later, the patient was admitted due to a new episode of variceal bleeding, and a portal hypertension complementary study was made. Discussion: Although the pathogenesis of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) remains poorly understood, vascular changes within the liver have been associated with several predisposing conditions, such as hypercoagulable states. Patients with ET, especially those with JAK2 mutation, are known to be at increased risk of non-cirrhotic vein thrombosis. Concerning PSVD, the association is not clear but it is believed that both PSVD and myeloproliferative neoplasms share a common denominator: a state characterised by hypercoagulability, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and, in some cases, portal hypertension. Conclusion: Portal hypertension without cirrhosis is a rare condition, presenting diagnostic challenges and significant impact on the patient’s prognosis

The Case for Community Self-Governance on Access and Benefit Sharing of Digital Sequence Information

Digital sequence information (DSI),  a placeholder term commonly understood to refer to information related to genetic sequences stored in a digital format, has become a foundational component to biological research and its applications, including biodiversity conservation and biotechnological innovation. DSI results from the physical access to and use of genetic resources, which falls under the purview of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (NP). The CBD and the NP are legal frameworks governing access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their use, a mechanism widely known as access and benefit sharing (ABS). Despite good intentions, a number of national regimes adopted in pursuance of the CBD and NP have created complex, ineffective frameworks that exacerbate the risk of counterproductive effects for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. The debate on DSI focuses on what DSI includes, whether it is covered by the CBD or the NP and the possible implications of its inclusion or exclusion from these agreements. The CBD and NP parties agreed on a science- and policy-based process to debate the treatment of DSI. This process entailed the submission of views and information by parties, other governments, indigenous and local communities, and relevant organizations and stakeholders; the commissioning of technical studies; and the establishment of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group (AHTEG) on DSI. In the present article, we propose recommendations that can contribute to the upcoming discussion on DSI.Fil: Adler Miserendino, Rebecca A. Lewis Burke Associates; Estados UnidosFil: Meyer, Rachel Sarah. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Zimkus, Breda M. Harvard University; Estados UnidosFil: Bates, John. Field Museum of National History; Estados UnidosFil: Silvestri, Luciana Carla. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Taylor, Crispin. American Society Of Plant Biologists ; Estados UnidosFil: Blumenfield, Tami. University of New Mexico; Estados Unidos. Yunnan University; ChinaFil: Srigyan, Megha. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Pandey, Jyotsna L. American Institute Of Biological Sciences; Estados Unido