Wheatless and Meatless Menus and Recipes

https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/foodiesguide-1910/1001/thumbnail.jp

The patriotic note in early American literature

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Sleep quality influences subsequent motor skill acquisition

While the influence of sleep on motor memory consolidation has been extensively investigated, its relation to initial skill acquisition is less well understood. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of sleep quality and quantity on subsequent motor skill acquisition in young adults without sleep disorders. Fifty-five healthy adults (mean age = 23.8 years; 34 women) wore actigraph wristbands for 4 nights, which provided data on sleep patterns before the experiment, and then returned to the laboratory to engage in a motor sequence learning task (explicit 5-item finger sequence tapping task). Indicators of sleep quality and quantity were then regressed on a measure of motor skill acquisition (Gains Within Training, GWT). Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO; i.e., the total amount of time the participants spent awake after falling asleep) was significantly and negatively related to GWT. This effect was not because of general arousal level, which was measured immediately before the motor task. Conversely, there was no relationship between GWT and sleep duration or self-reported sleep quality. These results indicate that sleep quality, as assessed by WASO and objectively measured with actigraphy before the motor task, significantly impacts motor skill acquisition in young healthy adults without sleep disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).Accepted manuscrip

The Shepherdess : A Secular Song

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1840/thumbnail.jp

Ice Formation in the Arctic Ocean: Observed Processes and Climate Feedbacks

The Arctic seasonal ice zone undergoes dramatic changes throughout the year. In the summer, ice cover melts off, leaving the ocean surface exposed to the atmosphere. Incident solar radiation warms the surface mixed layer. At the end of the summer season, the mixed layer must then cool to the freezing point in order for ice to form at the surface. This thesis explores the impact of that heat throughout the annual cycle, but especially on first-year ice growth. Through analysis of CTD profiles and buoy data, it is found that summer heat gets into the summer halocline, where it is trapped through the fall season cooling process. The mixed layer heat (estimated from an empirical relationship derived from direct measurements and atmospheric and geographic parameters along with sea surface temperatures) is well correlated with freeze-up date. The results presented herein suggest that delayed freeze-up does result in thinner ice cover at the end of the winter season, in part because the maximum ice growth rate is consistent (approximately 12 cm/day) between observations from Antarctic polynyas with exceptionally high ice production and the few observations that exist in the Arctic. Finally, from analysis of end-of-season first year ice thickness distributions, it is clear that the summer heat trapped in the summer halocline is released over the course of the winter, limiting ice growth in addition to that caused by the delay in freeze-up. In all, it is likely that as the Arctic becomes increasingly dominated by first-year ice, the thinning trend will continue though at a slower rate than in the current transition from multi- to first-year ice cover

Shared Arctic Variable Framework Links Local to Global Observing System Priorities and Requirements

The geographic settings and interests of diverse groups of rights- and stakeholders figure prominently in the need for internationally coordinated Arctic observing systems. Global and regional observing systems exist to coordinate observations across sectors and national boundaries, leveraging limited resources into widely available observational data and information products. Observing system design and coordination approaches developed for more focused networks at mid- and low latitudes are not necessarily directly applicable in more complex Arctic settings. Requirements for the latter are more demanding because of a greater need for cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral prioritization and refinement from the local to the pan-Arctic scale, in order to maximize the use of resources in challenging environmental settings. Consideration of Arctic Indigenous Peoples’s observing priorities and needs has emerged as a core tenet of governance and coordination frameworks. We evaluate several different types of observing systems relative to the needs of the Arctic observing community and information users to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each framework. A typology of three approaches emerges from this assessment: “essential variable,” “station model,” and “central question.” We define and assess, against the requirements of Arctic settings, the concept of shared Arctic variables (SAVs) emerging from the Arctic Observing Summit 2020 and prior work by the Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks Road Mapping Task Force. SAVs represent measurable phenomena or processes that are important enough to multiple communities and sectors to make the effort to coordinate observation efforts worthwhile. SAVs align with essential variables as defined, for example, by global observing frameworks, in that they guide coordinated observations across processes that are of interest to multiple sectors. SAVs are responsive to the information needs of Arctic Indigenous Peoples and draw on their capacity to codesign and comanage observing efforts. SAVs are also tailored to accommodate the logistical challenges of Arctic operations and address unique aspects of the Arctic environment, such as the central role of the cryosphere. Specific examples illustrate the flexibility of the SAV framework in reconciling different observational approaches and standards such that the strengths of global and regional observing programs can be adapted to the complex Arctic environment. Les contextes géographiques et les intérêts de divers groupes de détenteurs de droits et de parties prenantes figurent au premier plan des besoins en systèmes d’observation de l’Arctique coordonnés à l’échelle internationale. Il existe des réseaux d’observation d’envergure mondiale et régionale visant à coordonner les observations en provenance de divers secteurs et de frontières nationales, s’appuyant sur des ressources limitées pour donner lieu à des données d’observation et à des produits d’information grandement accessibles. Les réseaux d’observation et les approches de coordination conçus pour des réseaux spécialisés desservant les latitudes allant de moyennes à faibles ne se transposent pas directement aux contextes plus complexes de l’Arctique. Dans le cas de l’Arctique, les exigences sont plus élevées en raison du plus grand besoin d’accorder de l’importance aux disciplines et aux secteurs variés ainsi qu’au raffinement de l’échelle, qui passe de locale à panarctique, afin de maximiser l’utilisation des ressources dans des contextes environnementaux difficiles. La considération des besoins et des priorités d’observation des peuples autochtones de l’Arctique constitue un des principaux principes des cadres de gouvernance et de coordination. Nous évaluons plusieurs types différents de réseaux d’observation à la lumière des besoins de la communauté d’observation de l’Arctique et des utilisateurs d’information afin de cerner les forces et les faiblesses de chaque cadre de référence. Cette évaluation a permis de produire une typologie de trois approches : la « variable essentielle », le « modèle de station » et la « question centrale ». Nous définissons et évaluons, en fonction des exigences des contextes de l’Arctique, le concept des variables partagées de l’Arctique (SAV) qui est ressorti du sommet d’observation de l’Arctique de 2020 et de travaux antérieurs réalisés par le groupe de travail des réseaux Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks Road Mapping Task Force. Les SAV représentent des processus ou des phénomènes mesurables suffisamment importants aux yeux de communautés et de secteurs divers pour que la coordination des efforts d’observation en vaille la peine. Les SAV concordent avec les variables essentielles comme définies, par exemple, par les cadres d’observation mondiaux, en ce sens qu’elles guident les observations coordonnées relevant de processus qui revêtent de l’intérêt pour de multiples secteurs. Les SAV accordent de l’importance aux besoins en information des peuples autochtones de l’Arctique et font appel à leurs capacités à concevoir et à gérer les efforts d’observation en collaboration. Par ailleurs, les SAV sont conçues pour tenir compte des défis logistiques des opérations dans l’Arctique et tiennent compte d’aspects uniques de l’environnement arctique, comme le rôle central de la cryosphère. Certains exemples illustrent la souplesse du cadre des SAV pour réconcilier diverses approches et normes d’observation, de sorte que les points forts des programmes d’observation mondiaux et régionaux puissent être adaptés à l’environnement complexe de l’Arctique.

Community-acquired pneumonia in children: cell-free plasma sequencing for diagnosis and management.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause of pediatric hospital admission. Empiric antibiotic therapy for hospitalized children with serious CAP now targets the most likely pathogen(s), including those that may demonstrate significant antibiotic resistance. Cell-free plasma next-generation sequencing (CFPNGS) was first made available for Pediatric Infectious Diseases physicians in June 1, 2017, to supplement standard-of-care diagnostic techniques. A retrospective chart review was performed for children hospitalized with CAP between June 1, 2017, and January 22, 2018, to evaluate the impact of CFPNGS. We identified 15 hospitalized children with CAP without other underlying medical conditions for whom CFPNGS was performed. CFPNGS identified a pathogen in 13 of 15 (86%) children compared with 47% for those using standard culture and PCR-based methods alone. Changes in antibiotic management were made in 7 of 15 (47%) of children as a result of CFPNGS

Labor market reforms: An evaluation of the Hartz policies in Germany

How do workers and firms respond to comprehensive labor market reforms? We use detailed micro data to analyze the German Hartz Reforms through the lens of a structural model of the labor market. These reforms aimed at reducing unemployment, by increasing working hour flexibility, job matching and work incentives. In our setting, reforms directly affect the model parameters, which are estimated using matched data on 430,000 workers in 340,000 firms. Contrary to previous findings, our analysis shows that, although the reforms shortened the typical duration of unemployment, they did not reduce unemployment as a whole and led to a decline in wages. Low-skilled workers suffered the most in terms of employment and wage losses. Furthermore, we decompose the contribution of each reform wave to employment and wage changes, finding that the reduction in generosity of unemployment benefits was the principle driver in reducing wages

APECS’ Online Conference, Virtual Posters and Webinars to the World

The Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS) is a multidisciplinary, international organization dedicated to maintaining a network of early career researchers (ECRs) and professionals (ECPs) to share ideas, develop collaborative research directions, provide opportunities for career development, and promote education and outreach as an integral component of Polar research. Science outreach is one of APECS’ key objectives and we have found that online media is a powerful tool for STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) knowledge transfer. We introduce the use of online presentations as a platform for communication, education, and networking. APECS’ Online Conference, virtual posters, and webinar series provide case studies to examine how online technology bridges geographic and disciplinary boundaries. APECS’ Online Conference allows ECRs and ECPs to present their research to an interactive, online room of viewers. The third iteration of this annual event (March 2017) appealed to science communicators with the theme: “Outside the Box: encouraging alternative solutions for undertaking and communicating polar research”. Virtual poster sessions have allowed members to share work on an array of topics, from whaling and tourism to showcasing studies affiliated with specific national research programs. Webinars have covered a variety of skills-based and scientific topics, with invited speakers addressing everything from writing grant proposals to eco-cultural communication. Each presentation is recorded and saved on APECS’ website as a free resource. ECRs, ECPs, and APECS mentors from around the world attend our events, promoting diversity in networking and helping steer the Arctic community in positive directions. We will provide examples of connections fostered by and benefits of online events, including easier dissemination of ideas across geographically distant regions and minimal cost. While this presentation focuses on APECS’ experiences, we will highlight how innovative communication promotes international cooperation and offer suggestions on how to incorporate similar elements into other outreach programs